在 SQL Server 中获取特定年份中的列作为月份名称

Question

我在 SQL Server 中有两个表：

1. Employee（id、empid、empname）和
2. EmpSales (id, empid, billdtae, sale)

EmpSales 表有多年的员工销售数据。

我的查询是，我希望 Empid 作为第一列，EmpName 作为第二列，所有月份的名称作为特定年份的一月、二月、三月等后续列，以及与员工和月份作为数据。

我已经尝试并搜索了很多，但无法找到正确的解决方案。我可以通过以下查询获得Empid 和EmpName，但其余的解决方案正是我要寻找的。​​p>

SELECT S.empid, E.empname
FROM empsale S
INNER JOIN employee E ON S.empid = E.empid 
WHERE YEAR(S.bill_date) = YEAR(GETDATE()) 
GROUP BY S.empid, E.empname 
ORDER BY CONVERT(INT,S.empid)

这个查询只返回empid 和empname 但是想要的是这样的

如果有人可以用正确的查询/答案回复我或提供任何更好的解决方案，那将是一个很大的帮助。

Answer 1

我已经通过以下查询获得了结果。

SELECT
  *
FROM
  (
    SELECT
      S.empid as Empid,
      E.empname as Employee,
      SUM(S.saleamt) as SaleAmt,
      DATENAME(MM, s.bill_date) as slmnth
    FROM
      empsale S
      INNER JOIN employee E ON S.empid = E.empid
    WHERE
      YEAR(S.bill_date) = YEAR(GETDATE())
    GROUP BY
      S.empid,
      E.empname,
      DATENAME(MM, s.bill_date)
  ) as bd PIVOT (
    SUM(SaleAmt) FOR slmnth in (
      [January],
      [February],
      [March],
      [May],
      [June],
      [July],
      [August],
      [September],
      [October],
      [November]
    )
  ) AS pvtbl

Answer 2

这是一种无需求助于 PIVOT 和动态 SQL 的简单方法：

DECLARE @Employee table ( empid int, empname varchar(50), id int IDENTITY(1,1) );
INSERT INTO @Employee VALUES
    ( 1000, 'Bill Gates' ), ( 1001, 'Elon Musk' );

DECLARE @EmpSales table ( empid int, bill_date date, sale int );
INSERT INTO @EmpSales VALUES
    ( 1000, '01/01/2020', 100 ), ( 1000, '01/15/2020', 100 ), ( 1000, '02/15/2020', 50 ), ( 1000, '04/01/2020', 25 );

SELECT
    e.empid, e.empname, s.*
FROM @Employee e
OUTER APPLY (

    SELECT
        ISNULL( SUM( CASE WHEN DATENAME( month, n.bill_date ) = 'January' THEN n.sale ELSE 0 END ), 0 ) AS [Jan],
        ISNULL( SUM( CASE WHEN DATENAME( month, n.bill_date ) = 'February' THEN n.sale ELSE 0 END ), 0 ) AS [Feb],
        ISNULL( SUM( CASE WHEN DATENAME( month, n.bill_date ) = 'March' THEN n.sale ELSE 0 END ), 0 ) AS [Mar],
        ISNULL( SUM( CASE WHEN DATENAME( month, n.bill_date ) = 'April' THEN n.sale ELSE 0 END ), 0 ) AS [Apr],
        ISNULL( SUM( CASE WHEN DATENAME( month, n.bill_date ) = 'May' THEN n.sale ELSE 0 END ), 0 ) AS [May],
        ISNULL( SUM( CASE WHEN DATENAME( month, n.bill_date ) = 'June' THEN n.sale ELSE 0 END ), 0 ) AS [Jun],
        ISNULL( SUM( CASE WHEN DATENAME( month, n.bill_date ) = 'July' THEN n.sale ELSE 0 END ), 0 ) AS [Jul],
        ISNULL( SUM( CASE WHEN DATENAME( month, n.bill_date ) = 'August' THEN n.sale ELSE 0 END ), 0 ) AS [Aug],
        ISNULL( SUM( CASE WHEN DATENAME( month, n.bill_date ) = 'September' THEN n.sale ELSE 0 END ), 0 ) AS [Sep],
        ISNULL( SUM( CASE WHEN DATENAME( month, n.bill_date ) = 'October' THEN n.sale ELSE 0 END ), 0 ) AS [Oct],
        ISNULL( SUM( CASE WHEN DATENAME( month, n.bill_date ) = 'November' THEN n.sale ELSE 0 END ), 0 ) AS [Nov],
        ISNULL( SUM( CASE WHEN DATENAME( month, n.bill_date ) = 'December' THEN n.sale ELSE 0 END ), 0 ) AS [Dec]
    FROM @EmpSales AS n
    WHERE
        n.empid = e.empid
        AND YEAR( n.bill_date ) = YEAR( GETDATE() )

) AS s
ORDER BY
    e.empid;

返回

+-------+------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| empid |  empname   | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
+-------+------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|  1000 | Bill Gates | 200 |  50 |   0 |  25 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |
|  1001 | Elon Musk  |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |   0 |
+-------+------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+