将查询从 SQL Server 转换为 Access 2000

Question

我有一个 Access 2000 .mdb 文件。我在同一个数据库中有这个查询，但在 SQL Server 上。该查询在 SQL Server 中运行良好，但在 Access 中出现错误；我想这是由于ROW_NUMBER()。

我无法使用 vba 进行此查询，因为我必须使用 Odbc 驱动程序运行它。

SELECT *
FROM 
    (SELECT 
         *, 
         ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY cognome,nome ASC) AS RowID
     FROM 
         (SELECT DISTINCT 
              (a.ID_PAZIENTE) AS codice,
              a.NOME AS nome,
              a.COGNOME AS cognome,
              a.TITOLO AS titolo,
              a.TELEFONOABITAZIONE AS tel,
              a.TELEFONOUFFICIO AS uff,
              a.FAX AS cell,
              a.E_MAIL AS email,
              a.SESSO AS sesso
          FROM 
              PAZIENTI AS a
          WHERE 1 = 1) AS AnagraficheDistinct
    ) AS Anagrafiche
WHERE 
    RowID >= 1 AND RowID <= 25
ORDER BY 
    cognome, nome ASC;

这是错误：

查询表达式中的语法错误（缺少运算符）：“ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY cognome,nome ASC)

我尝试按照在线文档转换查询，这就是我所做的：

SELECT *
    FROM (
  SELECT Top 10
  *
  FROM
  (
   SELECT DISTINCT TOP 20 p.ID_PAZIENTE,p.cognome,p.nome
   FROM PAZIENTI p   
   ORDER BY p.cognome ASC,p.nome ASC
   ) AS sub1
   ORDER BY sub1.cognome DESC,sub1.nome DESC
   ) AS anagrafiche
   ORDER BY  p.cognome ASC,p.nome ASC

不幸的是，这个查询返回了奇怪的结果。更改起始索引 (How do I implement pagination in SQL for MS Access?)，有时会返回 10 个结果（页面大小），有时会返回 12 个基于起始索引（startpos + 页面大小）的结果。

我做错了什么或者这件事在没有 VBA 的情况下使用 Access 是不可能的？

谢谢

Answer 1

考虑以下问题。 RowNumber() 在 Access SQL 中不可用，但可以使用子查询按名称复制排名：

SELECT * 
FROM 
  (SELECT DISTINCT 
             a.ID_PAZIENTE AS codice, 
             a.NOME AS nome, 
             a.COGNOME AS cognome, 
             a.TITOLO AS titolo, 
             a.TELEFONOABITAZIONE AS tel, 
             a.TELEFONOUFFICIO AS uff, 
             a.FAX AS cell, 
             a.E_MAIL AS email, 
             a.SESSO AS sesso,
             (SELECT count(*)
              FROM PAZIENTI As b
              WHERE b.cognome <= a.cognome 
                AND b.nome <= a.nome) As RowID
   FROM PAZIENTI AS a) AS AnagraficheDistinct 
   ) AS Anagrafiche 
WHERE RowID >= 1 AND RowID <= 25 
ORDER BY cognome, nome;

Answer 2

首先，MS-Access中的Query在逻辑上与SQL-Server-Query完全不同。

第一个为您提供按cognome,nome 排序的前 25 行。 Access-Query 以指定的顺序为您提供前 20 行中的最后 10 行。

在 Access 中没有 ROW_NUMBER 等内置函数。并且因为您使用两个字段作为 ROW_NUMBER（认知、名称）的排序标准，所以使用 Count(*) 子查询不起作用。

但我在 Access 中构建了一种 RANK-Function，也许这适合你。但是，如果cognome 中具有相同值的行数大于页面大小，它也可能会返回更多行，因为您为一个页面大小指定。在此查询中，重要的是只有 cognome 是 Count(*) 子查询的一部分。

SELECT p.*
FROM
(
  SELECT codice, cognome, nome, titolo, tel, uff, cell, email
  FROM
  (
    SELECT DISTINCT a.ID_PAZIENTE AS codice, a.COGNOME AS cognome, 
                    a.NOME AS nome, a.TITOLO AS titolo, 
                    a.TELEFONOABITAZIONE AS tel, a.TELEFONOUFFICIO AS uff,  
                    a.FAX AS cell, a.E_MAIL AS email, a.SESSO AS sesso, 
                    (SELECT Count(*) FROM PAZIENTI AS temp 
                     WHERE temp.cognome < a.cognome
                    ) + 1 AS Rank
    FROM PAZIENTI AS a
  ) AS psub
WHERE Rank >= 1 AND Rank <= 5
ORDER BY Rank
) p
ORDER BY cognome, nome

如果这对您没有帮助，我认为您将需要一个 VBA 函数。但在这里，在每次查询之前重置计数器是至关重要的。

另一个选项是使用 Pass-Through-Query 并将第一个查询直接发送到 SQL-Server。您必须在 Access 的 Query-Object 中指定 odbc-Connectionstring。