Hive 查询使用“not column=value”where 子句删除空值

Question

table1 数据样本：

year month day utmsource
2017 03    26  NULL
2017 03    27  NULL
2017 03    27  facebook
2017 03    27  newsletter
2017 03    27  banner
2017 03    27  facebook    

预期选择：

year month day utmsource
2017 03    27  NULL
2017 03    27  newsletter
2017 03    27  banner 

我的 Hive 查询：

-- result = 0, it did not include the NULL utmsource record
SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN utmsource IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as amountnull
FROM table1
WHERE year=2017 AND month=03 AND day=27 AND NOT utmsource="facebook"

-- result = 1 the NULL utmsource record is included
SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN utmsource IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as amountnull
FROM table1
WHERE year=2017 AND month=03 AND day=27 AND (utmsource IS NULL OR NOT utmsource="facebook")

-- also returns 0, the NULL utmsource record is not included
SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN utmsource IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as amountnull
FROM table1
WHERE year=2017 AND month=03 AND day=27 AND NOT utmsource <=> 'facebook';

问题：

1. 有人能解释一下这种行为吗？
2. 我可以将设置更改为 检索查询 2 的结果而不添加额外的 OR 我的查询中的功能？ => 不等于在结果中包含空值

Answer 1

你想要的是一个NULL-safe 相等（或不相等）运算符。在 ANSI SQL 中，有一个称为 is distinct from 的运算符。 Hive 似乎使用 MySQL 版本，即<=>。所以，你可以这样做：

SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN utmsource IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as amountnull
FROM tablename
WHERE year=2017 AND month=03 AND day=27 AND NOT utmsource <=> 'facebook';

documentation 中描述了此运算符。

我还应该指出，您可能会发现这是SELECT 的更简单的公式：

SELECT (COUNT(*) - COUNT(utmsource)) as amountnull
FROM tablename
WHERE year=2017 AND month=03 AND day=27 AND NOT utmsource <=> 'facebook';

尽管总的来说，这似乎是最简单的：

SELECT COUNT(*)as amountnull
FROM tablename
WHERE year=2017 AND month=03 AND day=27 AND utmsource IS NULL;

与'Facebook' 的比较是不必要的。