Oracle SQL - 任何人都可以提高效率吗？答案

【问题标题】：Oracle SQL - Can anyone make this more effiecient?Oracle SQL - 任何人都可以提高效率吗？
【发布时间】：2014-04-23 08:15:13
【问题描述】：

有点味道 - 这是从水晶报告中调用的查询，该报告使用被分成两个纸箱的纸箱编号进行搜索，并返回两个纸箱编号、它们的数量、从原始报告中删除的数量，用户和拖车号（如果它已经加载到一个上）。

查询的第一部分效果很好，不幸的是所有数据都在 30 天后存档，而且存档量很大！添加存档部分后，此查询可能需要 30 到 45 分钟才能运行，这太长了。谁能帮我优化这个查询，让它运行得更快？

非常感谢，7's。

SELECT *
FROM
  (SELECT menu_optn_name,
          tran_nbr,
          seq_nbr,
          cntr_nbr,
          ch.total_qty ,
          ptt.create_date_time,
          um.user_name,
          ch.trlr_nbr,

     (SELECT sum(ref_field_2)
      FROM prod_trkg_tran
      WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
        AND cntr_nbr = '0030651942') AS Total
   FROM prod_trkg_tran ptt
   INNER JOIN user_master um ON um.emplye_id = ptt.user_id
   LEFT OUTER JOIN carton_hdr ch ON ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
   WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
     AND ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942'
   GROUP BY menu_optn_name,
            tran_nbr,
            seq_nbr,
            cntr_nbr,
            ch.total_qty,
            ptt.create_date_time,
            um.user_name,
            ch.trlr_nbr
   UNION SELECT menu_optn_name,
                tran_nbr,
                seq_nbr,
                cntr_nbr,
                ch.total_qty,
                ptt.create_date_time,
                um.user_name,
                ch.trlr_nbr,

     (SELECT sum(ref_field_2)
      FROM prod_trkg_tran
      WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
        AND cntr_nbr NOT IN
          (SELECT cntr_nbr
           FROM prod_trkg_tran ptt
           LEFT OUTER JOIN carton_hdr ch ON ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
           WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
             AND ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942')
        AND tran_nbr IN
          (SELECT tran_nbr
           FROM prod_trkg_tran ptt
           LEFT OUTER JOIN carton_hdr ch ON ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
           WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
             AND ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942')) AS Total
   FROM prod_trkg_tran ptt
   INNER JOIN user_master um ON um.emplye_id = ptt.user_id
   LEFT OUTER JOIN carton_hdr ch ON ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
   WHERE cntr_nbr NOT IN
       (SELECT cntr_nbr
        FROM prod_trkg_tran ptt
        LEFT OUTER JOIN carton_hdr ch ON ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
        WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
          AND ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942')
     AND tran_nbr IN
       (SELECT tran_nbr
        FROM prod_trkg_tran ptt
        LEFT OUTER JOIN carton_hdr ch ON ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
        WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
          AND ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942')
   GROUP BY menu_optn_name,
            tran_nbr,
            seq_nbr,
            cntr_nbr,
            ch.total_qty,
            ptt.create_date_time,
            um.user_name,
            ch.trlr_nbr)
UNION
SELECT *
FROM
  (SELECT menu_optn_name,
          tran_nbr,
          seq_nbr,
          cntr_nbr,
          ch.total_qty,
          ptt.create_date_time,
          um.user_name,
          ch.trlr_nbr,

     (SELECT sum(ref_field_2)
      FROM wm_archive.prod_trkg_tran@awm.corp.*******.com
      WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
        AND cntr_nbr = '0030651942') AS Total
   FROM wm_archive.prod_trkg_tran@awm.corp.*******.com ptt
   INNER JOIN user_master um ON um.emplye_id = ptt.user_id
   LEFT OUTER JOIN carton_hdr ch ON ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
   WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
     AND ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942'
   GROUP BY menu_optn_name,
            tran_nbr,
            seq_nbr,
            cntr_nbr,
            ch.total_qty,
            ptt.create_date_time,
            um.user_name,
            ch.trlr_nbr
   UNION SELECT menu_optn_name,
                tran_nbr,
                seq_nbr,
                cntr_nbr,
                ch.total_qty,
                ptt.create_date_time,
                um.user_name,
                ch.trlr_nbr,

     (SELECT sum(ref_field_2)
      FROM wm_archive.prod_trkg_tran@awm.corp.*******.com
      WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
        AND cntr_nbr NOT IN
          (SELECT cntr_nbr
           FROM wm_archive.prod_trkg_tran@awm.corp.*******.com ptt
           LEFT OUTER JOIN wm_archive.carton_hdr@awm.corp.*******.com ch ON ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
           WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
             AND ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942')
        AND tran_nbr IN
          (SELECT tran_nbr
           FROM wm_archive.prod_trkg_tran@awm.corp.*******.com ptt
           LEFT OUTER JOIN wm_archive.carton_hdr@awm.corp.*******.com ch ON ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
           WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
             AND ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942')) AS Total
   FROM wm_archive.prod_trkg_tran@awm.corp.*******.com ptt
   INNER JOIN user_master um ON um.emplye_id = ptt.user_id
   LEFT OUTER JOIN wm_archive.carton_hdr@awm.corp.*******.com ch ON ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
   WHERE cntr_nbr NOT IN
       (SELECT cntr_nbr
        FROM wm_archive.prod_trkg_tran@awm.corp.*******.com ptt
        LEFT OUTER JOIN wm_archive.carton_hdr@awm.corp.*******.com ch ON ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
        WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
          AND ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942')
     AND tran_nbr IN
       (SELECT tran_nbr
        FROM wm_archive.prod_trkg_tran@awm.corp.*******.com ptt
        LEFT OUTER JOIN wm_archive.carton_hdr@awm.corp.*******.com ch ON ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
        WHERE menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}'
          AND ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942')
   GROUP BY menu_optn_name,
            tran_nbr,
            seq_nbr,
            cntr_nbr,
            ch.total_qty,
            ptt.create_date_time,
            um.user_name,
            ch.trlr_nbr)
WHERE rownum <=2;

【问题讨论】：

你为什么到处使用 SELECT SUM(ref_field_2) FROM...？看起来您正在执行子选择来汇总父选择中聚合的相同行。
第一次使用是在第一次选择纸箱号时使用，第二次使用是查找不是第一次号的纸箱号。它在每个查询中恰好使用两次。
这不是我要说的...每个单独的 subSELECT SUM FROM... 使用的是在相应的父选择中聚合的相同行...为什么？
我不确定我明白你的意思。 SELECT SUM(ref_field_2) 对查询结果中的所有行求和，因为将返回超过 2 行，我只对前 2 行感兴趣，除了 ref_field_2 之外的所有数据都必须合并。
您能告诉我哪些列位于哪个表上吗？我对 menu_opt_name、cntr_nbr 和 tran_nbr 感兴趣。另一件事...条件 menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}' 和 ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942' 隔离了多少行？

标签： sql performance oracle query-optimization

【解决方案1】：

我看到此查询有两种可能的优化。

第一个是：

SELECT key, (SELECT SUM(value) FROM table WHERE condition) AS Total
FROM table WHERE condition
GROUP BY key

在功能上等同于：

SELECT key, SUM(value)
FROM table WHERE condition
GROUP BY key

...但效率可能低得多。

第二个是：

SELECT x,y,z FROM table WHERE condition_1 GROUP BY x,y
UNION
SELECT x,y,z FROM table WHERE condition_2 GROUP BY x,y

在功能上等同于：

SELECT x,y,z FROM table WHERE condition_1 OR condition_2 GROUP BY x,y

也就是说，如果 condition_1 和 condition_2 只引用出现在 GROUP BY 子句中的列，就像你的情况一样。顺序上可能存在一些差异，但如有必要，可以使用显式 ORDER BY 子句解决。

也就是说，消除 4 个子选择和 2 个并集似乎是可能的。考虑到 WHERE 过滤器的所有列都位于 prod_trkg_tran 表中，您还可以删除一些 LEFT JOIN。所以它看起来像这样：

   select * from (
         select menu_optn_name, tran_nbr, seq_nbr, cntr_nbr, ch.total_qty, ptt.create_date_time, um.user_name, ch.trlr_nbr, sum(ref_field_2) as Total
         from            prod_trkg_tran ptt
         inner join      user_master    um  on um.emplye_id = ptt.user_id
         left outer join carton_hdr     ch  on ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
         where (menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}' and ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942') or (
            cntr_nbr not in (
               select cntr_nbr
               from prod_trkg_tran
               where menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}' and cntr_nbr = '0030651942'
            ) and
            tran_nbr in (
               select tran_nbr
               from prod_trkg_tran 
               where menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}' and cntr_nbr = '0030651942'
            )
         )
         group by menu_optn_name, tran_nbr, seq_nbr, cntr_nbr, ch.total_qty, ptt.create_date_time, um.user_name, ch.trlr_nbr
   )
union
   select * from (
         select menu_optn_name, tran_nbr, seq_nbr, cntr_nbr, ch.total_qty, ptt.create_date_time, um.user_name, ch.trlr_nbr, sum(ref_field_2) as Total
         from            wm_archive.prod_trkg_tran@awm.corp.*******.com ptt
         inner join      user_master                                    um  on um.emplye_id = ptt.user_id
         left outer join carton_hdr                                     ch  on ch.carton_nbr = ptt.cntr_nbr
         where (menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}' and ptt.cntr_nbr = '0030651942') or (
            cntr_nbr not in (
               select cntr_nbr
               from wm_archive.prod_trkg_tran@awm.corp.*******.com
               where menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}' and cntr_nbr = '0030651942'
            ) and
            tran_nbr in (
               select tran_nbr
               from wm_archive.prod_trkg_tran@awm.corp.*******.com ptt
               where menu_optn_name = 'RF Split/Comb {Carton}' and cntr_nbr = '0030651942'
            )
         )
         group by menu_optn_name, tran_nbr, seq_nbr, cntr_nbr, ch.total_qty, ptt.create_date_time, um.user_name, ch.trlr_nbr
   )
where rownum <=2;

还有第三个优化。 user_master 上的 INNER JOIN 可以从内部选择移出到外部联合。但我怀疑这次加入的成本很高。

【讨论】：