无法在 plsql 过程中找出循环游标

Question

我正在尝试在 plsql 中编写一个接收两个参数 month 和 year 的过程。该过程为一个表——loanreport 生成数据。该过程为贷款类型表中的所有贷款类型生成。当程序运行时，它应该在表格中填充：

1. 月
2. 年份

3. 已关闭的贷款金额（状态为 6 的贷款的贷款金额之和）如果没有状态为 6 的贷款，则已关闭的贷款金额为 0。

   4.平均收盘周期

以下是相关表格：

CREATE TABLE LOANDETAILS 
(LOANNO VARCHAR2(11) primary key, 
    PROPERTYID VARCHAR2(10), 
    CUSTID CHAR(8), 
    LOANTYPE VARCHAR2(20), 
    LOANSTATUSCODE NUMBER(3,0), 
    LOANAMOUNT NUMBER(10,2), 
    RATE NUMBER(5,2), 
    LOANCREATIONDATE DATE, 
    LOANSTATUSDATE DATE,
    constraint loandet_prop_fk foreign key(PROPERTYID) references PROPERTIES(propertyid),
    constraint loandet_cust_fk foreign key(CUSTID) references customers(custid),
    constraint loandet_lt_fk foreign key (LOANTYPE) references loantypes(loantype)
   );
   --insert
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000001','P1000001','C1000001','Conventional',1,87975,9,to_date('26-JUL-2016','DD-MON-YY'),to_date('02-AUG-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000009','P1000009','C1000009','FHA',6,160055,4.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('07-DEC-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000010','P1000010','C1000010','VA',2,217600,7.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('07-DEC-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'));


CREATE TABLE LOANTYPES
   (ltID char(5) constraint loantypes_pk primary key,
    loantype VARCHAR2(20) constraint loantypes_lt_unique UNIQUE, 
    description VARCHAR2(100),
    active char(1) constraint loantypes_active CHECK (active IN ('Y','N')) -- if loan type is currently being offered
    );
Insert into loantypes values ('LT001', 'VA', 'Service members, veterans or eligible family','Y');
Insert into loantypes values ('LT002', 'FHA', 'Federal Housing Administration eligible loans', 'Y');
Insert into loantypes values ('LT003', 'Conventional', 'Standard loan','Y');
Insert into loantypes values ('LT004', 'Employee', 'Eligible employees of the organization','Y');
Insert into loantypes values ('LT005', 'Reconstruct', 'Relief work reconstruction','N');

CREATE TABLE LOANTYPEREPORT 
   (LOANTYPE VARCHAR2(20), 
    MONTH number(2,0), 
    YEAR NUMBER(4,0),  
    CLOSEDLOANSAMOUNT NUMBER(15,2), 
    AVERAGECLOSINGPERIOD NUMBER(5,2),
    constraint loantr_pk PRIMARY KEY (LOANTYPE, RMONTH, RYEAR)
   );

我是 sql 新手，我显然有一些知识空白。我正在尝试创建一个过程，然后想创建一个游标并使用 for 循环遍历游标以创建所需的报告。这是我不完整的代码：

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE loan_type_report_procedure (Month loantypereport.month%type, Year loantypereport.year%type) AS

CURSOR C1 IS
SELECT l.loantype, 
       loanamount, 
       loancreationdate,  
       loanstatusdate,
       loanstatuscode,
       to_char(LOANCREATIONDATE, 'mm') AS rMonth, 
       to_char(LOANCREATIONDATE, 'YYYY') AS rYEAR
FROM LOANTYPES l
JOIN LOANDETAILS d
ON l.loantype = d.loantype
WHERE Month = to_char(LOANCREATIONDATE, 'mm') 
      AND Year = to_char(LOANCREATIONDATE, 'YYYY')

BEGIN
FOR loan_rec in C1 LOOP

据我了解，for 循环在游标中逐行运行。如果我想要一个包含贷款类型、月份、年份、已结贷款金额和平均结案期限的决赛桌贷款类型报告 - 我该如何进行？已结贷款金额和平均结账期限均在贷款类型分组中汇总。我会在游标选择语句中使用 group by 和 have 吗？

感谢您的见解

Answer 1

如果我正确理解您的问题，您想通过他们的LOANTYPE总结每个月的贷款数量，对于已关闭的贷款 (LOANSTATUSCODE = 6)，您想@987654323 @他们的金额并记录他们的贷款时间跨度的AVERAGE。
从LOANTYPEREPORT 的外观来看，您似乎计划将这个平均跨度在几天内。

要做到这一点，您不需要使用 PL/SQL。这可以使用传统的 SQL 来完成。我只是猜测决定贷款期限的标准是什么，所以我将在下面概述一个示例，其中有几个变化。

在此示例中，我需要稍微修改您的表格，因为它们引用了您帖子中未包含的其他表格（我删除了 LOANDET_PROP_FK 和 LOANDET_CUST_FK）。

创建示例表后，创建LOANTYPEREPORT 表（根据您的示例稍作修改以进行编译）：

CREATE TABLE LOANTYPEREPORT
(LOANTYPE VARCHAR2(20),
 MONTH NUMBER(2,0),
 YEAR NUMBER(4,0),
 CLOSEDLOANSAMOUNT NUMBER(15,2),
 AVERAGECLOSINGPERIOD NUMBER(5,2),
  CONSTRAINT LOANTR_PK PRIMARY KEY (LOANTYPE, MONTH, YEAR)
);

此外，我为一些 FHA 和常规贷款添加了一些额外数据，以帮助区分下面示例中的 SUMs 和持续时间。

Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000001','P1000001','C1000001','Conventional',1,87975,9,to_date('26-JUL-2016','DD-MON-YY'),to_date('02-AUG-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000009','P1000009','C1000009','FHA',6,160055,4.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('07-DEC-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000010','P1000010','C1000010','VA',2,217600,7.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('07-DEC-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000011','P1000010','C1000010','VA',6,217600,7.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('07-DEC-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000012','P1000010','C1000010','VA',6,111111,7.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('17-DEC-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000013','P1000010','C1000010','VA',2,222222,7.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('27-DEC-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000014','P1000010','C1000010','Conventional',6,333333,7.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('27-JAN-2017','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000015','P1000010','C1000010','Conventional',5,333333,7.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('27-FEB-2017','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000016','P1000010','C1000010','Conventional',4,333333,7.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('27-MAR-2017','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000017','P1000010','C1000010','FHA',4,444444,7.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('27-APR-2017','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000018','P1000010','C1000010','FHA',6,200000,7.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('27-APR-2017','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000019','P1000010','C1000010','FHA',6,300000,7.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('27-MAY-2017','DD-MON-YYYY'));
Insert into LOANDETAILS values ('L1000000020','P1000010','C1000010','FHA',6,300000,7.5,to_date('30-NOV-2016','DD-MON-YYYY'),to_date('22-MAY-2017','DD-MON-YYYY'));

然后，您可以加载报告表。
示例 1 这假设只有已关闭的贷款应该包含在贷款期限平均值中，贷款期限在 LOANCREATIONDATE 之间和LOANSTATUSDATE，并且您只需要实际关闭贷款的月份和贷款类型的数据。这意味着 2016 年 7 月将完全不包括在内，因为该月没有关闭任何贷款。

INSERT INTO LOANTYPEREPORT
  SELECT
    LOANDETAILS.LOANTYPE,
    EXTRACT(MONTH FROM LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE) AS MONTH,
    EXTRACT(YEAR FROM LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE) AS YEAR,
    SUM(LOANDETAILS.LOANAMOUNT) AS CLOSED_LOAN_AMOUNT,
    AVG(LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE - LOANDETAILS.LOANCREATIONDATE) AS AVERAGE_LOAN_DURATION
  FROM LOANDETAILS
    WHERE LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSCODE = 6
  GROUP BY
    LOANDETAILS.LOANTYPE,
    EXTRACT(YEAR FROM LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE),
    EXTRACT(MONTH FROM LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE);

然后看看它做了什么：

SELECT YEAR,MONTH,LOANTYPE,CLOSEDLOANSAMOUNT,AVERAGECLOSINGPERIOD
FROM LOANTYPEREPORT
ORDER BY YEAR, MONTH, LOANTYPE;


YEAR  MONTH  LOANTYPE      CLOSEDLOANSAMOUNT  AVERAGECLOSINGPERIOD  
2016  12     FHA           160055             7                     
2016  12     VA            328711             12                    
2017  1      Conventional  333333             58                    
2017  4      FHA           200000             148                   
2017  5      FHA           600000             175.5                 

示例 2： 但是，如果您想包含给定贷款类型的未关闭贷款的月份的数据（我不确定，但这可能是您帖子中的第三项） ，那么您需要列举月份。
您可以通过多种方式执行此操作，但我将在此示例中包含一个额外的查询，为 2016 - 2018 设置边界。

运行插入：

INSERT INTO LOANTYPEREPORT
  WITH YEAR_MONTH AS(
     SELECT THE_MONTH.MONTH_NUMBER,
       THE_YEAR.YEAR_NUMBER
     FROM
       (SELECT LEVEL AS MONTH_NUMBER FROM DUAL CONNECT BY LEVEL < 13) THE_MONTH
       CROSS JOIN
       (SELECT YEAR_NUMBER FROM
         (SELECT LEVEL AS YEAR_NUMBER FROM DUAL CONNECT BY LEVEL < 2019)
       WHERE YEAR_NUMBER BETWEEN 2016 AND 2018) THE_YEAR
  )
  SELECT
    LOANTYPES.LOANTYPE,
    YEAR_MONTH.MONTH_NUMBER,
    YEAR_MONTH.YEAR_NUMBER,
    SUM(COALESCE(CLOSED_LOAN.LOANAMOUNT,0)) AS CLOSED_LOAN_AMOUNT,
    AVG(CLOSED_LOAN.LOAN_DURATION) AS AVERAGE_LOAN_DURATION
  FROM
    YEAR_MONTH
    CROSS JOIN LOANTYPES
      LEFT OUTER JOIN (SELECT EXTRACT(MONTH FROM LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE) AS MONTH,
                              EXTRACT(YEAR FROM LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE) AS YEAR,
                         LOANDETAILS.LOANTYPE,
                         LOANDETAILS.LOANAMOUNT,
                         LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE - LOANDETAILS.LOANCREATIONDATE AS LOAN_DURATION
                       FROM LOANDETAILS
  WHERE LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSCODE = 6) CLOSED_LOAN
    ON YEAR_MONTH.YEAR_NUMBER = CLOSED_LOAN.YEAR
AND YEAR_MONTH.MONTH_NUMBER = CLOSED_LOAN.MONTH
    AND LOANTYPES.LOANTYPE = CLOSED_LOAN.LOANTYPE
    GROUP BY YEAR_NUMBER, MONTH_NUMBER, LOANTYPES.LOANTYPE
ORDER BY YEAR_NUMBER, MONTH_NUMBER, LOANTYPES.LOANTYPE;

并查看生成了什么数据：

YEAR  MONTH  LOANTYPE      CLOSEDLOANSAMOUNT  AVERAGECLOSINGPERIOD  
2016  1      Conventional  0                                        
2016  1      Employee      0                                        
2016  1      FHA           0                                        
2016  1      Reconstruct   0                                        
2016  1      VA            0                                        
2016  2      Conventional  0                                        
...
...
...
2016  12     Conventional  0                                        
2016  12     Employee      0                                        
2016  12     FHA           160055             7                     
2016  12     Reconstruct   0                                        
2016  12     VA            328711             12                    
2017  1      Conventional  333333             58                    
2017  1      Employee      0                                        
2017  1      FHA           0                      
2017  4      FHA           200000             148                   
2017  4      Reconstruct   0                                        
2017  4      VA            0                                  
2017  5      Conventional  0                                        
2017  5      Employee      0                                        
2017  5      FHA           600000             175.5                 
2017  5      Reconstruct   0                                        
2017  5      VA            0                                        
2017  6      Conventional  0                                        
2017  6      Employee      0                                        
2017  6      FHA           0                               

通过这种方式，您可以获得每个月关闭的每种类型贷款的关闭金额总和，如果没有关闭，则为零。

使用从函数返回的示例进行编辑。

重申一下，您不需要使用函数来执行此类报告。
但是如果你有使用函数的需求，这里有一个例子：

首先，创建你的返回类型：

CREATE TYPE LOAN_TYPE_MONTH_REPORT IS OBJECT (
  LOANTYPE VARCHAR2(20),
  MONTH number(2,0),
  YEAR NUMBER(4,0),
  CLOSEDLOANSAMOUNT NUMBER(15,2),
  AVERAGECLOSINGPERIOD NUMBER(5,2)
);
/

CREATE TYPE LOAN_TYPE_MONTH_REPORT_LIST IS TABLE OF LOAN_TYPE_MONTH_REPORT;
/

然后创建你的函数：

CREATE FUNCTION GET_LOAN_TYPE_REPORT_FOR_MONTH(P_YEAR IN NUMBER, P_MONTH IN NUMBER)
  RETURN LOAN_TYPE_MONTH_REPORT_LIST
  IS
  V_MONTH_REPORT LOAN_TYPE_MONTH_REPORT_LIST;
  BEGIN
    SELECT
      LOAN_TYPE_MONTH_REPORT(
         THE_MONTH_YEAR.LOANTYPE,
         THE_MONTH_YEAR.THE_MONTH,
         THE_MONTH_YEAR.THE_YEAR,
         COALESCE(CLOSED_LOAN_SUMMARY.CLOSED_LOAN_AMOUNT,0),
         CLOSED_LOAN_SUMMARY.AVERAGE_LOAN_DURATION)
    BULK COLLECT INTO V_MONTH_REPORT
    FROM
      (SELECT P_YEAR AS THE_YEAR, P_MONTH AS THE_MONTH, LOANTYPES.LOANTYPE FROM LOANTYPES) THE_MONTH_YEAR
      LEFT OUTER JOIN
      (SELECT
         LOANDETAILS.LOANTYPE,
         EXTRACT(MONTH FROM LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE) AS THE_MONTH,
         EXTRACT(YEAR FROM LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE) AS THE_YEAR,
         SUM(LOANDETAILS.LOANAMOUNT) AS CLOSED_LOAN_AMOUNT,
         AVG(LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE - LOANDETAILS.LOANCREATIONDATE) AS AVERAGE_LOAN_DURATION
       FROM LOANDETAILS
       WHERE LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSCODE = 6
       GROUP BY
         LOANDETAILS.LOANTYPE,
         EXTRACT(YEAR FROM LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE),
         EXTRACT(MONTH FROM LOANDETAILS.LOANSTATUSDATE)) CLOSED_LOAN_SUMMARY
        ON THE_MONTH_YEAR.THE_YEAR = CLOSED_LOAN_SUMMARY.THE_YEAR
           AND THE_MONTH_YEAR.THE_MONTH = CLOSED_LOAN_SUMMARY.THE_MONTH
           AND THE_MONTH_YEAR.LOANTYPE = CLOSED_LOAN_SUMMARY.LOANTYPE;
    RETURN V_MONTH_REPORT;
  END;
  /

然后测试它： 这是一个月有两种贷款类型的关闭：

SELECT * FROM TABLE(GET_LOAN_TYPE_REPORT_FOR_MONTH(2016,12));
LOANTYPE      MONTH  YEAR  CLOSEDLOANSAMOUNT  AVERAGECLOSINGPERIOD  
Employee      12     2016  0                                        
VA            12     2016  328711             12                    
Reconstruct   12     2016  0                                        
FHA           12     2016  160055             7                     
Conventional  12     2016  0                                      

或者一个月只有一种贷款类型并结束：

SELECT * FROM TABLE(GET_LOAN_TYPE_REPORT_FOR_MONTH(2017,01));
LOANTYPE      MONTH  YEAR  CLOSEDLOANSAMOUNT  AVERAGECLOSINGPERIOD  
Employee      1      2017  0                                        
Reconstruct   1      2017  0                                        
FHA           1      2017  0                                        
VA            1      2017  0                                        
Conventional  1      2017  333333             58