是否可以在 BigQuery 中使用 MD5 进行散列？

Question

BigQuery 是否具有 MD5() 功能？我知道它有cityhash，但我特别需要MD5。谢谢！

Answer 1

例如，由于这出现在 Google 搜索“BigQuery MD5”中，因此值得指出的是，BigQuery 在standard SQL 中原生支持以下散列函数：

• MD5
• SHA1
• SHA256
• SHA512

Answer 2

没有，但是 bigquery 确实有一些 sha1-hash 支持。 SHA1() 函数返回字节，但您可以使用 TO_BASE64() 将其转换为 base64，这将为您提供一个不错的字符串或 STRING()，这将为您提供一个丑陋的字符串：

SELECT TO_BASE64(SHA1(corpus)) from [publicdata:samples.shakespeare] limit 100;

Answer 3

在这里恢复一个旧线程。现在可以使用用户定义的函数在 BigQuery 中实现 md5：https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/user-defined-functions

下面是一些示例代码：

function md5cycle(x, k) {
var a = x[0], b = x[1], c = x[2], d = x[3];

a = ff(a, b, c, d, k[0], 7, -680876936);
d = ff(d, a, b, c, k[1], 12, -389564586);
c = ff(c, d, a, b, k[2], 17,  606105819);
b = ff(b, c, d, a, k[3], 22, -1044525330);
a = ff(a, b, c, d, k[4], 7, -176418897);
d = ff(d, a, b, c, k[5], 12,  1200080426);
c = ff(c, d, a, b, k[6], 17, -1473231341);
b = ff(b, c, d, a, k[7], 22, -45705983);
a = ff(a, b, c, d, k[8], 7,  1770035416);
d = ff(d, a, b, c, k[9], 12, -1958414417);
c = ff(c, d, a, b, k[10], 17, -42063);
b = ff(b, c, d, a, k[11], 22, -1990404162);
a = ff(a, b, c, d, k[12], 7,  1804603682);
d = ff(d, a, b, c, k[13], 12, -40341101);
c = ff(c, d, a, b, k[14], 17, -1502002290);
b = ff(b, c, d, a, k[15], 22,  1236535329);

a = gg(a, b, c, d, k[1], 5, -165796510);
d = gg(d, a, b, c, k[6], 9, -1069501632);
c = gg(c, d, a, b, k[11], 14,  643717713);
b = gg(b, c, d, a, k[0], 20, -373897302);
a = gg(a, b, c, d, k[5], 5, -701558691);
d = gg(d, a, b, c, k[10], 9,  38016083);
c = gg(c, d, a, b, k[15], 14, -660478335);
b = gg(b, c, d, a, k[4], 20, -405537848);
a = gg(a, b, c, d, k[9], 5,  568446438);
d = gg(d, a, b, c, k[14], 9, -1019803690);
c = gg(c, d, a, b, k[3], 14, -187363961);
b = gg(b, c, d, a, k[8], 20,  1163531501);
a = gg(a, b, c, d, k[13], 5, -1444681467);
d = gg(d, a, b, c, k[2], 9, -51403784);
c = gg(c, d, a, b, k[7], 14,  1735328473);
b = gg(b, c, d, a, k[12], 20, -1926607734);

a = hh(a, b, c, d, k[5], 4, -378558);
d = hh(d, a, b, c, k[8], 11, -2022574463);
c = hh(c, d, a, b, k[11], 16,  1839030562);
b = hh(b, c, d, a, k[14], 23, -35309556);
a = hh(a, b, c, d, k[1], 4, -1530992060);
d = hh(d, a, b, c, k[4], 11,  1272893353);
c = hh(c, d, a, b, k[7], 16, -155497632);
b = hh(b, c, d, a, k[10], 23, -1094730640);
a = hh(a, b, c, d, k[13], 4,  681279174);
d = hh(d, a, b, c, k[0], 11, -358537222);
c = hh(c, d, a, b, k[3], 16, -722521979);
b = hh(b, c, d, a, k[6], 23,  76029189);
a = hh(a, b, c, d, k[9], 4, -640364487);
d = hh(d, a, b, c, k[12], 11, -421815835);
c = hh(c, d, a, b, k[15], 16,  530742520);
b = hh(b, c, d, a, k[2], 23, -995338651);

a = ii(a, b, c, d, k[0], 6, -198630844);
d = ii(d, a, b, c, k[7], 10,  1126891415);
c = ii(c, d, a, b, k[14], 15, -1416354905);
b = ii(b, c, d, a, k[5], 21, -57434055);
a = ii(a, b, c, d, k[12], 6,  1700485571);
d = ii(d, a, b, c, k[3], 10, -1894986606);
c = ii(c, d, a, b, k[10], 15, -1051523);
b = ii(b, c, d, a, k[1], 21, -2054922799);
a = ii(a, b, c, d, k[8], 6,  1873313359);
d = ii(d, a, b, c, k[15], 10, -30611744);
c = ii(c, d, a, b, k[6], 15, -1560198380);
b = ii(b, c, d, a, k[13], 21,  1309151649);
a = ii(a, b, c, d, k[4], 6, -145523070);
d = ii(d, a, b, c, k[11], 10, -1120210379);
c = ii(c, d, a, b, k[2], 15,  718787259);
b = ii(b, c, d, a, k[9], 21, -343485551);

x[0] = add32(a, x[0]);
x[1] = add32(b, x[1]);
x[2] = add32(c, x[2]);
x[3] = add32(d, x[3]);

}

function cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t) {
a = add32(add32(a, q), add32(x, t));
return add32((a << s) | (a >>> (32 - s)), b);
}

function ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
return cmn((b & c) | ((~b) & d), a, b, x, s, t);
}

function gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
return cmn((b & d) | (c & (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
}

function hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
return cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
}

function ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
return cmn(c ^ (b | (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
}

function md51(s) {
txt = '';
var n = s.length,
state = [1732584193, -271733879, -1732584194, 271733878], i;
for (i=64; i<=s.length; i+=64) {
md5cycle(state, md5blk(s.substring(i-64, i)));
}
s = s.substring(i-64);
var tail = [0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0];
for (i=0; i<s.length; i++)
tail[i>>2] |= s.charCodeAt(i) << ((i%4) << 3);
tail[i>>2] |= 0x80 << ((i%4) << 3);
if (i > 55) {
md5cycle(state, tail);
for (i=0; i<16; i++) tail[i] = 0;
}
tail[14] = n*8;
md5cycle(state, tail);
return state;
}

/* there needs to be support for Unicode here,
 * unless we pretend that we can redefine the MD-5
 * algorithm for multi-byte characters (perhaps
 * by adding every four 16-bit characters and
 * shortening the sum to 32 bits). Otherwise
 * I suggest performing MD-5 as if every character
 * was two bytes--e.g., 0040 0025 = @%--but then
 * how will an ordinary MD-5 sum be matched?
 * There is no way to standardize text to something
 * like UTF-8 before transformation; speed cost is
 * utterly prohibitive. The JavaScript standard
 * itself needs to look at this: it should start
 * providing access to strings as preformed UTF-8
 * 8-bit unsigned value arrays.
 */
function md5blk(s) { /* I figured global was faster.   */
var md5blks = [], i; /* Andy King said do it this way. */
for (i=0; i<64; i+=4) {
md5blks[i>>2] = s.charCodeAt(i)
+ (s.charCodeAt(i+1) << 8)
+ (s.charCodeAt(i+2) << 16)
+ (s.charCodeAt(i+3) << 24);
}
return md5blks;
}

var hex_chr = '0123456789abcdef'.split('');

function rhex(n)
{
var s='', j=0;
for(; j<4; j++)
s += hex_chr[(n >> (j * 8 + 4)) & 0x0F]
+ hex_chr[(n >> (j * 8)) & 0x0F];
return s;
}

function hex(x) {
for (var i=0; i<x.length; i++)
x[i] = rhex(x[i]);
return x.join('');
}

function md5(s) {
return hex(md51(s));
}

function add32(a, b) {
return (a + b) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
}

var input_columns = ['value'];

var output_schema = [{name: 'md5', type: 'string'}];

bigquery.create_tvf(
   'md5',  // The function name exposed to Dremel.
   input_columns,
   output_schema,
   // This function will be invoked once for each input record.
   function(record, emit) {
   emit({md5: hex(md51(record.value))});
   }
);