在多个列中搜索

Question

我有一个访问数据库，我在 VBA 和 ADODB 的帮助下从 excel 中搜索。

它工作得很好，但我一次只能搜索一件事。假设我想在列 [1] 中搜索“名字”的所有实例，并且在列 [2] 中也有“姓氏”。或者，列 [1] 中的“名字”和列 [3] 中的“地址”。

我将如何从用户窗体上的文本框中执行此操作？

我正在考虑以某种方式添加“名字+姓氏”或其他内容，但我无法弄清楚代码的逻辑。有什么建议吗？

这就是我现在所拥有的。

Private Sub cmd_lookup_Click()

    Dim cn As Object
    Dim rs As Object

    Set cn = CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")
    Set sqlConnect = New ADODB.Connection
    Set rs = CreateObject("ADODB.RecordSet")

    sqlConnect.ConnectionString = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=Source\database.accdb;Persist Security Info=False;"

    cn.Open sqlConnect

    rs.ActiveConnection = cn

    SearchCriteria = "%" & searchCrit.Text & "%"

    rs.Open "SELECT [1],[2] ,[3],[4], [5] FROM [tblDatabase]" & _
    "WHERE      [1] LIKE '" & SearchCriteria & "' " & _
    "           OR [2] LIKE '" & SearchCriteria & "' " & _
    "           OR [3] LIKE '" & SearchCriteria & "' " & _
    "           OR [4] LIKE '" & SearchCriteria & "' " & _
    "           OR [5] LIKE '" & SearchCriteria & "' " & _
    "ORDER BY [2] Desc;", _
         cn, adOpenStatic

Dim i As Integer
If Not rs.EOF Then
    rs.MoveFirst
    i = 0
    With lstLookup
        'Code not relevant
    End With

    rs.Close
    cn.Close
    Set rs = Nothing
    Set cn = Nothing
  End If
End Sub

感谢您的建议:)

Answer 1

考虑由OR 运算符分隔的AND 配对。但首先要使用单独的文本字段构建用户表单（并且每个字段都必须是必填字段，否则您必须动态构建 WHERE 子句）：

First Name Search:_____________
Last Name Search: _____________
Address Search: _______________

然后将条件绑定在一起。另外，出于调试原因，我不建议使用编号但命名的字段：

rs.Open "SELECT [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]" & _
        " FROM [tblDatabase]" & _
        " WHERE ([1] LIKE '%" & FirstNameSearch & "%' " & _
        "       AND [2] LIKE '%" & LastNameSearch & "%') " & _
        " OR ([1] LIKE '%" & FirstNameSearch & "%' " & _
        "      AND [3] LIKE '%" & AddressSearch & "%') " & _
        " OR ([2] LIKE '%" & LastNameSearch & "%' " & _
        "    AND [3] LIKE '%" & AddressSearch & "%') " & _
        " ORDER BY [2] Desc;", _
        cn, adOpenStatic

或者，在 SQL 世界中经常使用 UNION 查询，在UNION vs OR 之间讨论效率。为了真正等效，应在上面添加DISTINCT 以删除重复项。

rs.Open "SELECT [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]" & _
        " FROM [tblDatabase]" & _
        " WHERE ([1] LIKE '%" & FirstNameSearch & "%' " & _
        "        AND [2] LIKE '%" & LastNameSearch & "%') " & _
        " UNION" _
        " SELECT [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]" & _
        " FROM [tblDatabase]" & _
        " WHERE ([1] LIKE '%" & FirstNameSearch & "%' " & _
        "        AND [3] LIKE '%" & AddressSearch & "%') " & _
        " UNION" _
        " SELECT [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]" & _
        " FROM [tblDatabase]" & _
        " WHERE ([2] LIKE '%" & LastNameSearch & "%' " & _
        "        AND [3] LIKE '%" & AddressSearch & "%') " & _
        " ORDER BY [2] Desc;", _
        cn, adOpenStatic