使用终端或 bash 脚本创建和写入 .plist

Question

我需要在安装后创建一个 .plist 文件，我可以使用的唯一选项是 bash 脚本。我必须使用 bash 脚本在/Library/launchAgents 中创建一个 foo.plist，并且我使用了以下命令：

cd /Library/launchAgents
touch foo.plist

现在我需要将内容写入这个 .plist 文件，例如：

".plist contents" >> foo.plist

是否有命令可以在终端中执行此操作？

Answer 1

PlistBuddy 就是你想要的。

/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy Info.plist
File Doesn't Exist, Will Create: Info.plist

然后像这样在文件中添加一个条目，

/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c 'add CFBundleIdenfier string com.tencent.myapp' Info.plist

顺便说一句，man plist、man plutil 可能对你有帮助。

Command Format:
    Help - Prints this information
    Exit - Exits the program, changes are not saved to the file
    Save - Saves the current changes to the file
    Revert - Reloads the last saved version of the file
    Clear [<Type>] - Clears out all existing entries, and creates root of Type
    Print [<Entry>] - Prints value of Entry.  Otherwise, prints file
    Set <Entry> <Value> - Sets the value at Entry to Value
    Add <Entry> <Type> [<Value>] - Adds Entry to the plist, with value Value
    Copy <EntrySrc> <EntryDst> - Copies the EntrySrc property to EntryDst
    Delete <Entry> - Deletes Entry from the plist
    Merge <file.plist> [<Entry>] - Adds the contents of file.plist to Entry
    Import <Entry> <file> - Creates or sets Entry the contents of file

Entry Format:
    Entries consist of property key names delimited by colons.  Array items
    are specified by a zero-based integer index.  Examples:
        :CFBundleShortVersionString
        :CFBundleDocumentTypes:2:CFBundleTypeExtensions

Types:
    string
    array
    dict
    bool
    real
    integer
    date
    data

Examples:
    Set :CFBundleIdentifier com.apple.plistbuddy
        Sets the CFBundleIdentifier property to com.apple.plistbuddy
    Add :CFBundleGetInfoString string "App version 1.0.1"
        Adds the CFBundleGetInfoString property to the plist
    Add :CFBundleDocumentTypes: dict
        Adds a new item of type dict to the CFBundleDocumentTypes array
    Add :CFBundleDocumentTypes:0 dict
        Adds the new item to the beginning of the array
    Delete :CFBundleDocumentTypes:0 dict
        Deletes the FIRST item in the array
    Delete :CFBundleDocumentTypes
        Deletes the ENTIRE CFBundleDocumentTypes array

Answer 2

你的问题并没有很好地说明你得到了什么，或者为什么你需要在bash中这样做，但如果你必须这样做，你可以这样做：

#!/bin/bash
VERSION=2.12
cat > foo.plist <<EOF
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
        <key>BuildAliasOf</key>
        <string>ProEditor</string>
        <key>BuildVersion</key>
        <value>$VERSION</value>
</dict>
</plist>
EOF

因此，您将其保存在名为 Buildplist 的文件中，然后执行此操作以使其可执行

chmod +x Buildplist

然后你输入这个来运行它：

./Buildplist

您可以通过将第二行更改为以下内容，将 plist 文件直接写入/Library/launchAgents：

cat > /Library/launchAgents/yourApp/yourApp.plist <<EOF

你也可以让它接受参数。所以如果你想传递Author作为第一个参数，你可以这样做：

#!/bin/bash
VERSION=2.12
AUTHOR="$1"
cat > foo.plist <<EOF
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
        <key>BuildAliasOf</key>
        <string>ProEditor</string>
        <key>BuildVersion</key>
        <value>$VERSION</value>
        <author>$AUTHOR</author>
</dict>
</plist>
EOF

然后运行

./Buildplist "Freddy Frog"

将“弗莱迪青蛙”作为作者。

如果你想避免覆盖任何已经存在的 plist 文件，你可以这样做：

#!/bin/bash
PLISTFILE="/Library/launchAgents/yourApp/yourApp.plist"

# If plist already exists, do not overwrite, just exit quietly
[ -f "$PLISTFILE" ] && exit

cat > "$PLISTFILE" <<EOF
...
...
EOF

为了简化维护，我把plist文件的名字放在了一个变量中，避免输入两次。