BeautifulSoup 4 - 网络抓取“今天”的足球比赛

Question

我对 python 非常陌生，并试图从 fox 体育网站https://www.foxsports.com/scores/soccer 上为“今天”网络抓取足球比赛。不幸的是，我一直遇到问题

'AttributeError: 'NoneType' 对象没有属性 'find_all''

并且似乎无法找到当天的团队。这是我目前所拥有的：

import bs4 
import requests 

res = requests.get('foxsports.com/scores/soccer') 
soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') 
results = soup.find("div", class_="scores-date") 
games = results.find("div", class_="scores") 

print(games) 

Answer 1

会发生什么？

内容不是静态的，它是由网站动态提供的，因此请求不会获得您可以在开发工具中看到的信息。

如何解决？

使用提供的 api 或 selenium，像浏览器一样处理内容，并可以提供您正在寻找的 page_source。

由于并非所有内容都是直接提供的，因此您必须使用 selenium waits 来定位 <span> 与“title-text”类的存在。

示例

注意 示例使用selenium 4，因此请检查您的版本，自行更新或调整所需的依赖项到较低版本

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup 
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service as ChromeService
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

service = ChromeService(executable_path='ENTER YOUR PATH TO CHROMEDRIVER')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
driver.get('https://www.foxsports.com/scores/soccer')

WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//span[contains(@class, "title-text") and text() = "Today"]')))

soup = BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source, 'lxml')

for g in soup.select('.scores-date:not(:has(div)) + div .score-chip-content'):
    print(list(g.stripped_strings))

输出

['SERIE A', 'JUVENTUS', '9-4-5', 'JUV', '9-4-5', 'CAGLIARI', '1-7-10', 'CAG', '1-7-10', '8:45PM', 'Paramount+', 'JUV -455', 'CAG +1100']
['LG CUP', 'ARSENAL', '0-0-0', 'ARS', '0-0-0', 'SUNDERLAND', '0-0-0', 'SUN', '0-0-0', '8:45PM', 'ARS -454', 'SUN +1243']
['LA LIGA', 'SEVILLA', '11-4-2', 'SEV', '11-4-2', 'BARCELONA', '7-6-4', 'BAR', '7-6-4', '9:30PM', 'ESPN+', 'SEV +155', 'BAR +180']

Answer 2

您必须提供与 http 协议的链接。此代码有效：

import bs4 
import requests 

res = requests.get('https://foxsports.com/scores/soccer') 
soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') 
results = soup.find("div", class_="scores-date") 
games = results.find("div", class_="scores") 
print(results)
print(games)

但是，games 是 None，因为 bs4 在 results 中找不到任何类为 scores 的 div

Answer 3

如果您通过 api，效率会高得多。所有的数据都在那里，包括更多（但我只拿出分数打印出来）。您必须先访问该站点才能获取用作参数的 apikey。

我还添加了选择组/联盟的选项。所以你需要pip install choice

import requests
import datetime
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import re

#pip install choice
import choice

# Get the apikey
url = 'https://www.foxsports.com/scores/soccer'
response = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
apikey = soup.find_all('div', {'data-scoreboard':re.compile("^https://")})[0]['data-scoreboard'].split('apikey=')[-1]


# Get the group Ids and correpsonding titles
url = 'https://api.foxsports.com/bifrost/v1/soccer/scoreboard/main'
payload = {'apikey':apikey}
jsonData = requests.get(url, params=payload).json()

groupsTitle_list = [ x['title'] for x in jsonData['groupList']]
groupsId_list = [ x['id'] for x in jsonData['groupList']]

groups_dict = dict(zip(groupsTitle_list, groupsId_list))

user_input = choice.Menu(groups_dict.keys()).ask()
groupId = groups_dict[user_input]


# Get the date of the score you are after
date_param = input('Enter date in YYYYMMDD format\nEx: 20220109\n-> ')
# If you prefer to always just grab todays score, use line below
#date_param = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d")


# Pull the score for the date and group
url = f'https://api.foxsports.com/bifrost/v1/soccer/scoreboard/segment/c{groupId}d{date_param}'
payload = {
    'apikey':apikey,
    'groupId':groupId}
jsonData = requests.get(url, params=payload).json()


if len(jsonData['sectionList']) == 0:
    print(f'No score available on {date_param} for {user_input}')

else:
    returnDate = jsonData['sectionList'][0]['menuTitle']
    print(f'\n {returnDate} - {user_input}')
    events = jsonData['sectionList'][0]['events']

    for event in events:
        lowerTeamName = event['lowerTeam']['longName']
        lowerTeamScore = event['lowerTeam']['score']
        
        upperTeamName = event['upperTeam']['longName']
        upperTeamScore =  event['upperTeam']['score']
        
        print(f'\t{upperTeamName} {upperTeamScore}')
        print(f'\t{lowerTeamName} {lowerTeamScore}\n')

输出：

Make a choice:
 0: FEATURED MATCHES
 1: ENGLISH PREMIER LEAGUE
 2: MLS
 3: LA LIGA
 4: LIGUE 1
 5: BUNDESLIGA
 6: UEFA CHAMPIONS LEAGUE
 7: LIGA MX
 8: SERIE A
 9: WCQ - CONCACAF

Enter number or name; return for next page

? 0


Enter date in YYYYMMDD format
Ex: 20220109
-> 20220109

 SUN, JAN 9 - FEATURED MATCHES
    LIVERPOOL 4
    SHREWSBURY 1

    TOTTENHAM 3
    MORECAMBE 1

    WOLVES 3
    SHEFFIELD UTD 0

    WEST HAM 2
    LEEDS UNITED 0

    NOTTINGHAM 1
    ARSENAL 0

    ROMA 3
    JUVENTUS 4

    LYON 1
    PARIS SG 1

    VILLARREAL 2
    ATLÉTICO MADRID 2

    GUADALAJARA 3
    MAZATLÁN FC 0