如何在 Python 中使用 IP 地址查找位置？

Question

我正在开发一个项目，该项目需要将用户位置存储在我的数据库中。我得到了该用户的公共 IP 地址。但我无法获取用户位置。我尝试了几种方法（来自 StackOverflow），但没有找到任何提示。像下面这样

url = urllib.urlopen("http://api.hostip.info/get_html.php?ip=%s&position=true" % ip)
data = re.compile('^[^\(]+\(|\)$').sub('', url.read())
print data

但我得到的结果是

Unknown Country?) (XX)
City: (Unknown City?)

另一种方式：

import urllib

response = urllib.urlopen("http://api.hostip.info/get_html.php?ip={}&position=true".format(ip)).read()

print(response)

但结果是

Country: (Unknown Country?) (XX)
City: (Unknown City?)

Latitude: 
Longitude: 
IP: 115.xxx.xxx.xx

任何帮助将不胜感激！

Answer 1

获取IP地址以及详细位置的最简单方法之一是使用http://ipinfo.io

import re
import json
from urllib2 import urlopen

url = 'http://ipinfo.io/json'
response = urlopen(url)
data = json.load(response)

IP=data['ip']
org=data['org']
city = data['city']
country=data['country']
region=data['region']

print 'Your IP detail\n '
print 'IP : {4} \nRegion : {1} \nCountry : {2} \nCity : {3} \nOrg : {0}'.format(org,region,country,city,IP)

Answer 2

试试pygeoip

~$ ping stackoverflow.com
PING stackoverflow.com (198.252.206.16) 56(84) bytes of data.

>>> import pygeoip
>>> GEOIP = pygeoip.GeoIP("/absolute_path/GeoIP.dat", pygeoip.MEMORY_CACHE)
>>> GEOIP.country_name_by_addr(ip)
'United States'

GeoIP.data 可用here

Answer 3

对于 python-3.x

def ipInfo(addr=''):
    from urllib.request import urlopen
    from json import load
    if addr == '':
        url = 'https://ipinfo.io/json'
    else:
        url = 'https://ipinfo.io/' + addr + '/json'
    res = urlopen(url)
    #response from url(if res==None then check connection)
    data = load(res)
    #will load the json response into data
    for attr in data.keys():
        #will print the data line by line
        print(attr,' '*13+'\t->\t',data[attr])

Answer 4

感谢所有解决方案和解决方法！ 但是，我无法使用上述所有方法。

这对我有用：

import requests

response = requests.get("https://geolocation-db.com/json/39.110.142.79&position=true").json()

这种方法看起来简单易用。 （我需要使用字典响应...）

将来，“geolocation-db.com”可能会变得不可用，因此可能需要其他来源！

Answer 5

假设您已经获得了 ip 地址，您可以尝试使用 IP2Location Python 库来获取用户位置。示例代码如下：

import os
import IP2Location

database = IP2Location.IP2Location(os.path.join("data", "IPV4-COUNTRY.BIN"))

rec = database.get_all(ip)

print(rec.country_short)
print(rec.country_long)
print(rec.region)
print(rec.city)
print(rec.isp)  
print(rec.latitude)
print(rec.longitude)            
print(rec.domain)
print(rec.zipcode)
print(rec.timezone)
print(rec.netspeed)
print(rec.idd_code)
print(rec.area_code)
print(rec.weather_code)
print(rec.weather_name)
print(rec.mcc)
print(rec.mnc)
print(rec.mobile_brand)
print(rec.elevation)
print(rec.usage_type)

取决于你的要求，例如如果你想获取用户的国家名称和地区名称，你可以这样做：

import os
import IP2Location

database = IP2Location.IP2Location(os.path.join("data", "IPV4-COUNTRY.BIN"))

rec = database.get_all(ip)

user_country = rec.country_long
user_region = rec.region

更多详情，您可以访问这里：IP2Location Python library

Github 链接：IP2Location Python library Github

Answer 6

您可以使用https://geolocation-db.com的服务，支持IPv4和IPv6。返回 JSON 对象或 JSONP 回调函数。

Python 2：

import urllib
import json

url = "https://geolocation-db.com/json"
response = urllib.urlopen(url)
data = json.loads(response.read())
print data

Python 3：

import urllib.request
import json

with urllib.request.urlopen("https://geolocation-db.com/json") as url:
    data = json.loads(url.read().decode())
    print(data)

python 3 jsonp 示例：

import urllib.request
import json

with urllib.request.urlopen("https://geolocation-db.com/jsonp/8.8.8.8") as url:
    data = url.read().decode()
    data = data.split("(")[1].strip(")")
    print(data)

Answer 7

我在自己的服务器上做同样的事情。从http://ipinfodb.com/register.php 获取 API 密钥并尝试：

import requests

ipdb = "http://api.ipinfodb.com/v3/ip-city/?key=<your api key>&ip="
ip_address = function_to_get_ip_address()
location = " ".join(str(requests.get(ipdb+ip_address).text).split(";")[4:7])

location 的值将是COUNTRY REGION CITY。

请记住，IP 地址不是精确的地理定位器。尤其是从移动设备访问您的网站时，您会看到 IP 地址的位置可能距离用户的实际位置 100 英里。

Answer 8

这最终取决于您如何获取计算机 IP 地址。如果您在 VPN 或其他专用网络上，仅获取本地 IP 地址将不会返回任何内容，就像您现在看到的那样。在这种情况下，您必须像这样获取公共 IP 地址：

url = 'http://api.hostip.info/get_json.php'
info = json.loads(urllib.urlopen(url).read())
ip = info['ip']

这是我获取您正在寻找的所有信息的完整代码（我使用的是 freegeoip.net）：

import urllib
import json

url = 'http://api.hostip.info/get_json.php'
info = json.loads(urllib.urlopen(url).read())
ip = info['ip']

urlFoLaction = "http://www.freegeoip.net/json/{0}".format(ip)
locationInfo = json.loads(urllib.urlopen(urlFoLaction).read())
print 'Country: ' + locationInfo['country_name']
print 'City: ' + locationInfo['city']
print ''
print 'Latitude: ' + str(locationInfo['latitude'])
print 'Longitude: ' + str(locationInfo['longitude'])
print 'IP: ' + str(locationInfo['ip'])

Answer 9

要求：

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:maxmind/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libmaxminddb0 libmaxminddb-dev mmdb-bin
sudo pip install geoip2

geoip 数据库：

wget http://geolite.maxmind.com/download/geoip/database/GeoLite2-City.tar.gz
tar xvfz GeoLite2-City.tar.gz

nginx 访问日志示例：

python -c 'import geoip2.database
reader = geoip2.database.Reader("./GeoLite2-City/GeoLite2-City.mmdb")
for line in open("/var/log/nginx/access.log').readlines():
    response = reader.city(line.split(" ")[0])
    print(dir(response))
'

相关：

• https://github.com/maxmind/libmaxminddb

Answer 10

我发现 ipinfo 提供最好的服务，并为每月多达 50k 次调用提供免费 API 使用 - 请参阅“速率限制”here：

import ipinfo

access_token = '123456789abc'
handler = ipinfo.getHandler(access_token)
ip_address = '216.239.36.21'
details = handler.getDetails(ip_address)
details.city
'Mountain View'
details.country
'US'
details.loc
'37.3861,-122.0840'

Answer 11

https://github.com/airakesh/BeautifulSoupRecipes/blob/master/geoip.py

# Get Geolocation(Country) and hostname by passing a file having a bunch of IP addresses as the argument from the command line. Example- python GeoIP.py path-to-file-containing-IP addresses:
https://github.com/airakesh/BeautifulSoupRecipes/blob/master/sample_ips.txt

import re
import os
import sys
import subprocess
import socket

# Input file argument
ips_file = sys.argv[1]

# The regular expression for validating an IP-address                                                                                                                                                            
pattern = '''^(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[0-1]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[0-1]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[0-1]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[0-1]?[0-9][0-9]?)'''

def getGeoHost():
    fp = open(ips_file, 'rb')
    for line in fp:
        line = line.strip()
        addr = line.decode('utf-8')
        regex = re.compile(pattern)
        match = regex.match(addr)
        # Get hostname by IP address                                                                                                                                                                          
        try:
            host = socket.gethostbyaddr(addr)
            hostname = host[0]
        # Print Unknown no hostname is available                                                                                                                                                                  
        except:
            hostname = 'Unknown'

        # Get geolocation by IP address                                                                                                                                                                            
        get_geo_cmd = 'geoiplookup ' + addr
        geo_str = subprocess.check_output(get_geo_cmd, shell=True)
        geo = geo_str.decode('utf-8')

        # Match country name pattern                                                                                                                                                                              
        geo_pattern = '''^(GeoIP Country Edition: ([A-Z]{2})\, (.*))'''
        geo_regex = re.compile(geo_pattern)
        country_match = re.match(geo_pattern, geo)
        # Check country name is available and if not, print 'Unknown'                                                                                                                                               
        if country_match != '' and geo_pattern:
            try:
                country = country_match.group(3)
            except:
                country = 'Unknown'
        # Clubbing together in format 'IP|Country|Hostname' data                                                                                                                                                    
        geo_hostname = addr + ' | ' + country + ' | ' + hostname
        print geo_hostname


if __name__ == "__main__":

    ips_detail_list = getGeoHost()

Answer 12

你可以使用 ipinfo 的 api 来做到这一点 首先去ipinfo.io注册。你会得到一个访问令牌，复制它，现在做pip install ipinfo 现在你可以输入这个示例代码：

>>> import ipinfo
>>> handler = ipinfo.getHandler(access_token)
>>> d = handler.getDetails(ip_address)
>>> d.city

或者，如果您直接执行d.details，它将返回一个字典，您也可以将其用作字典，它将包含所有内容，例如 IP 地址、城市、国家/地区、州等。您也可以使用它们像这样d.country 或位置d.loc，对于城市，正如我所写，d.city

Answer 13

import urllib.request
import json


ips = ['x.x.x.x', 'x.x.x.x','x.x.x.x']


for ip in ips:
        with urllib.request.urlopen("https://geolocation-db.com/jsonp/"+ip) as url:
                data = url.read().decode()
                data = data.split("(")[1].strip(")")
                print(data)

Answer 14

nmap --script ip-geolocation-geoplugin <target>

Script Output
| ip-geolocation-geoplugin:
| coordinates: 39.4208984375, -74.497703552246
|_location: New Jersey, United States

https://nmap.org/nsedoc/scripts/ip-geolocation-geoplugin.html

Answer 15

您可以为此使用一些 API 服务。

例如，https://apiip.net，他们的 API 提供了大量关于 IP 的信息

简单的 GET 调用：

https://apiip.net/api/check?ip=67.250.186.196&accessKey={your_api_key}

示例代码：

import json
import urllib.request

# Define API URL
API_URL = 'https://apiip.net/api/check?accessKey={YOUR_API_KEY}'

# Enter the ip for search
IP_FOR_SEARCH = '&ip=67.250.186.196'

# Creating request object to API
req = urllib.request.Request(API_URL+IP_FOR_SEARCH)

# Getting in response JSON
response = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read()

# Loading JSON from text to object
json_response = json.loads(response.decode('utf-8'))

# Print the results
print(json_response)