如何正确等待函数快速完成？答案

【问题标题】：How to properly wait until function has finished doing in swift?如何正确等待函数快速完成？
【发布时间】：2023-03-17 06:36:02
【问题描述】：

我现在尝试了很多东西，但似乎都没有。

我有一个 for 循环，它解析一些数据并将坐标转换为 ZIP 字符串：

for i in 0 ... results.count - 1
{
    result = results[i]
    self.coordinateToString(lat: result.lat, long: result.long, completion: { (place) in
                        someCell.label.text = place
                    })
}

func coordinateToString(lat: Double, long: Double, completion: @escaping (String) -> ()) {
    let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()
    let location = CLLocation(latitude: lat, longitude: long)
    var ret = ""

    geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(location, completionHandler:
    {
        placemarks, error -> Void in

        guard let placeMark = placemarks?.first else { return }

        if let zip = placeMark.postalCode, let town = placeMark.subAdministrativeArea
        {
            let toAppend = "\(zip)" + " \(town)"
            ret = toAppend

        }
    })

    DispatchQueue.main.async {
        completion(ret)
    }
}

但是我从来没有设法在单元格中显示正确的位置，它总是显示空白空间，因为它不等待完成处理程序完成转换。我在这里做错了什么？

【问题讨论】：

你在错误的地方拨打了DispatchQueue.main.async { completion(ret) }。
哇，请阅读一些关于如何编码的快速约定，这是不可读的

标签： swift closures completionhandler

【解决方案1】：

发生这种情况是因为reverseGeocodeLocation 立即返回并且其完成处理程序随后运行。这意味着ret 值在放入主队列时可能为空。您应该从回调中分派到 main，如下所示：

func coordinateToString(lat: Double, long: Double, completion: @escaping (String) -> ()) {
  let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()
  let location = CLLocation(latitude: lat, longitude: long)
  var ret = ""

  geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(location, completionHandler:
  {
    placemarks, error -> Void in

    guard let placeMark = placemarks?.first else { return }

    if let zip = placeMark.postalCode, let town = placeMark.subAdministrativeArea
    {
        let toAppend = "\(zip)" + " \(town)"
        ret = toAppend
        DispatchQueue.main.async {
          completion(ret)
       }
    }
})

当然，在这种情况下，您需要相应地处理错误情况。更好的是，使用defer，这样无论发生什么都会调用完成：

func coordinateToString(lat: Double, long: Double, completion: @escaping (String) -> ()) {
  let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()
  let location = CLLocation(latitude: lat, longitude: long)
  var ret = ""

  geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(location, completionHandler:
  {
    defer {
       DispatchQueue.main.async {
          completion(ret)
       }
    } 

    placemarks, error -> Void in

    guard let placeMark = placemarks?.first else { return }

    if let zip = placeMark.postalCode, let town = placeMark.subAdministrativeArea
    {
        let toAppend = "\(zip)" + " \(town)"
        ret = toAppend
    }
})

【讨论】：