如何通过 Cloudformation 将弹性 IP 附加到 Nat 网关答案

【问题标题】：How to Attach Elastic IP to NatGateway via Cloud Formation如何通过 Cloudformation 将弹性 IP 附加到 Nat 网关
【发布时间】：2025-12-16 02:55:01
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试学习 Aws cloud Formation，我正在尝试创建 VPC，如图所示。它包含三个公共子网，私有子网，natgateway 和 Internetgateway 以及公共和私有路由表。我正在尝试通过云形成来实现它，但获得弹性 IP 异常。我已经创建了模板，但是当我尝试在云形成上创建堆栈时出现错误

"The elastic-ip ID 'xx.xxx.xx.xxx' is malformed (Service: AmazonEC2; Status Code: 400; Error Code: InvalidElasticIpID.Malformed; Request ID: 2e3a9f8c-5a7e-482e-869c-8a0e46a08f27; Proxy: null)"

。我正在尝试将弹性 IP 附加到 NatGateway 并解决错误。请指导我如何做到这一点。

{

{
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09",
  "Resources": {
    "ExampleEc2Instance": {
      "Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
      "Properties": {
        "InstanceType": "t2.micro",
        "ImageId" : "ami-047a51fa27710816e",
        "AvailabilityZone" : "us-east-1a",
        "SecurityGroupIds" : [{
           "Ref":"ExampleSecurityGroup"
        }],
        "SubnetId" : {
           "Ref":"public2A"
        }
      }
    },"ExampleEc2InstancePrivate": {
      "Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
      "Properties": {
        "InstanceType": "t2.micro",
        "ImageId" : "ami-047a51fa27710816e",
        "AvailabilityZone" : "us-east-1a",
        "SecurityGroupIds" : [{
           "Ref":"ExampleSecurityGroup"
        }],
        "SubnetId" : {
           "Ref":"private2A"
        }
      }
    },
    "public2A":{
      "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Subnet",
      "Properties":{
       "AvailabilityZone" : "us-east-1a",
       "CidrBlock" : "10.0.2.0/24",
       "Tags" : [{"Key" : "public2A", "Value" : "public2A"}],
       "VpcId" : {
        "Ref":"ExampleVpcId"
       }
      }
    },"public2B":{
      "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Subnet",
      "Properties":{
       "AvailabilityZone" : "us-east-1a",
       "CidrBlock" : "10.0.3.0/24",
       "Tags" : [{"Key" : "public2B", "Value" : "public2B"}],
       "VpcId" : {
        "Ref":"ExampleVpcId"
       }
      }
    },
    "public2C":{
      "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Subnet",
      "Properties":{
       "AvailabilityZone" : "us-east-1a",
       "CidrBlock" : "10.0.1.0/24",
       "Tags" : [{"Key" : "public2C", "Value" : "public2C"}],
       "VpcId" : {
        "Ref":"ExampleVpcId"
       }
      }
    },"private2A":{
      "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Subnet",
      "Properties":{
       "AvailabilityZone" : "us-east-1a",
       "CidrBlock" : "10.0.5.0/24",
       "Tags" : [{"Key" : "private2A", "Value" : "private2A"}],
       "VpcId" : {
        "Ref":"ExampleVpcId"
       }
      }
    },"private2B":{
      "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Subnet",
      "Properties":{
       "AvailabilityZone" : "us-east-1a",
       "CidrBlock" : "10.0.6.0/24",
       "Tags" : [{"Key" : "private2B", "Value" : "private2B"}],
       "VpcId" : {
        "Ref":"ExampleVpcId"
       }
      }
    },
    "private2C":{
      "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Subnet",
      "Properties":{
       "AvailabilityZone" : "us-east-1a",
       "CidrBlock" : "10.0.7.0/24",
       "Tags" : [{"Key" : "private2C", "Value" : "private2C"}],
       "VpcId" : {
        "Ref":"ExampleVpcId"
       }
      }
    },
    "privateRT":{
      "Type" : "AWS::EC2::RouteTable",
      "Properties" : {
          "Tags" : [{"Key" : "privateRT", "Value" : "privateRT"}],
          "VpcId" : {
            "Ref":"ExampleVpcId"
            }
        }
    },
    "publicRT":{
      "Type" : "AWS::EC2::RouteTable",
      "Properties" : {
          "Tags" : [{"Key" : "publicRT", "Value" : "publicRT"}],
          "VpcId" : {
            "Ref":"ExampleVpcId"
            }
        }
    },
    "public2ARouteTableAssociation" : {
       "Type" : "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation",
       "Properties" : {
          "SubnetId" : { "Ref" : "public2A" },
          "RouteTableId" : { "Ref" : "publicRT" }
        }   
    },
    "public2BRouteTableAssociation" : {
       "Type" : "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation",
       "Properties" : {
          "SubnetId" : { "Ref" : "public2B" },
          "RouteTableId" : { "Ref" : "publicRT" }
        }   
    },
    "public2CRouteTableAssociation" : {
       "Type" : "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation",
       "Properties" : {
          "SubnetId" : { "Ref" : "public2C" },
          "RouteTableId" : { "Ref" : "publicRT" }
        }   
    },
    "private2ARouteTableAssociation" : {
       "Type" : "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation",
       "Properties" : {
          "SubnetId" : { "Ref" : "private2A" },
          "RouteTableId" : { "Ref" : "privateRT" }
        }   
    },
    "private2BRouteTableAssociation" : {
       "Type" : "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation",
       "Properties" : {
          "SubnetId" : { "Ref" : "private2B" },
          "RouteTableId" : { "Ref" : "privateRT" }
        }   
    },
    "private2CRouteTableAssociation" : {
       "Type" : "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation",
       "Properties" : {
          "SubnetId" : { "Ref" : "private2C" },
          "RouteTableId" : { "Ref" : "privateRT" }
        }   
    },
    "myVpcInternetGateWay":{
        "Type" : "AWS::EC2::InternetGateway",
        "Properties" : {
            "Tags" : [{"Key" : "myVpcInternetGateWay", "Value" : "myVpcInternetGateWay"}]
         }
    },
    "myVpcInternetGateWayRoute":{
        "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Route",
            "Properties" : {
              "DestinationCidrBlock" : "0.0.0.0/0",
              "GatewayId" : {"Ref":"myVpcInternetGateWay"},
              "RouteTableId" : {"Ref":"publicRT"}
            }
    },
    "myVpcInternetGateWayAttachement":{
        "Type" : "AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment",
        "Properties" : {
            "InternetGatewayId" : {"Ref":"myVpcInternetGateWay"},
            "VpcId" : {"Ref":"ExampleVpcId"}
         }
    },
    "myNatGateWay":{
        "Type" : "AWS::EC2::NatGateway",
        "Properties" : {
             "AllocationId" : {"Ref":"myElasticIP"},
             "SubnetId" :{"Ref":"public2A"},
             "Tags" : [{"Key" : "myNatGateWay", "Value" : "myNatGateWay"}]
        }
    },"myVpcNatGatWayRoute":{
        "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Route",
            "Properties" : {
              "DestinationCidrBlock" : "0.0.0.0/0",
              "GatewayId" : {"Ref":"myNatGateWay"},
              "RouteTableId" : {"Ref":"privateRT"}
            }
    },
    "myElasticIP":{
        "Type" : "AWS::EC2::EIP",
        "Properties" : {
              "Domain" : "VPC",
              "Tags" : [{"Key" : "myElasticIP", "Value" : "myElasticIP"}]
         }
    },
    "ExampleSecurityGroup":{
       "Type":"AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup",
       "Properties" : {
          "GroupDescription" : "Allow http to client host",
          "GroupName" : "templateSecuritygrp",
          "Tags" : [ {"Key" : "securityGroup", "Value" : "cloudformationSecurityGroup"} ],
          "VpcId" :  {
                "Ref":"ExampleVpcId"
            }
        }
    },
    "ExampleSecurityGroupEgress" : {
        "Type":"AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupEgress",
        "Properties":{
                "IpProtocol":"-1",
                "FromPort":"-1",
                "ToPort":"-1",
                "DestinationSecurityGroupId":{
                   "Ref":"ExampleSecurityGroup"
                },
                "GroupId":{
                   "Ref":"ExampleSecurityGroup"
                }
             }
         },
    "ExampleSecurityGroupIngress" :{
         "Type":"AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress",
         "Properties":{
                "IpProtocol":"-1",
                "FromPort":"-1",
                "ToPort":"-1",
                "SourceSecurityGroupId":{
                   "Ref":"ExampleSecurityGroup"
                },
                "GroupId":{
                   "Ref":"ExampleSecurityGroup"
                }
            }
         },
    "ExampleVpcId":{
       "Type":"AWS::EC2::VPC",
       "Properties" : {
          "CidrBlock" : "10.0.0.0/16",
          "EnableDnsSupport" : "false",
          "EnableDnsHostnames" : "false",
          "InstanceTenancy" : "default",
          "Tags" : [ {"Key" : "tmpltVPC", "Value" : "firstVpc"}]
       }
    }
  }
}

}

【问题讨论】：

嗨。我还注意到您有很多问题的答案，但没有一个答案被接受。接受有用的答案不仅是一种好习惯，而且还可以减少重复问题的数量，对未来的读者有所帮助，并将您的问题从 unanswered 列表中删除。
对不起，我不知道我需要接受答案。今后我会接受答案。
谢谢。这有帮助。您可以查看您的history 并查看可能被接受的答案。
顺便问一下，我为这个问题提供的答案如何。您没有评论它是否有效，也没有被接受，因此不清楚它是否解决了您的问题？

标签： amazon-web-services amazon-cloudformation aws-cloudformation-custom-resource aws-nat-gateway

【解决方案1】：

在您的myNatGateWay 中，您应该使用GetAtt 来获取AllocationId：

    "myNatGateWay":{
        "Type" : "AWS::EC2::NatGateway",
        "Properties" : {
             "AllocationId" : { "Fn::GetAtt" : ["myElasticIP", "AllocationId"]},
             "SubnetId" :{"Ref":"public2A"},
             "Tags" : [{"Key" : "myNatGateWay", "Value" : "myNatGateWay"}]
        }
    }

您还需要在 EIP 中使用DependsOn：

    "myElasticIP":{
        "Type" : "AWS::EC2::EIP",
        "DependsOn":["myVpcInternetGateWayAttachement"] ,
        "Properties" : {
              "Domain" : "VPC",
              "Tags" : [{"Key" : "myElasticIP", "Value" : "myElasticIP"}]
         }
    }

最后myVpcNatGatWayRoute应该是：

"myVpcNatGatWayRoute":{
        "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Route",
            "Properties" : {
              "DestinationCidrBlock" : "0.0.0.0/0",
              "NatGatewayId" : {"Ref":"myNatGateWay"},
              "RouteTableId" : {"Ref":"privateRT"}
            }
    }

【讨论】：

谢谢马尔辛。我不知道依赖和 getAttn 函数。它起作用了
你有什么好的资源可以让我找到更多的实践实践吗？
@Jordan 遗憾的是，我没有任何单一的参考可推荐。但是 AWS 文档有很好的 beginners 教程。这将是一个好的开始。