【发布时间】：2015-04-28 13:04:46
【问题描述】：
编译这个由 Bjourne Stroustrup 提供并由我的教授编辑的头文件时遇到问题。我正在使用命令行工具在 OS X 10.10.2 上进行编译。我的编译命令是“gcc -std=C++11 *cpp”，并且它只是不喜欢这个代码。我在 Linux 和我大学的 Unix 服务器上运行它没有问题。非常感谢任何帮助。
我将包含头文件，然后包含错误。
/*std_lib_facilities_4.h
Minimally revised for C++11 features of GCC 4.6.3 or later
Walter C. Daugherity June 10, 2012 and January 9, 2014
*/
/*
simple "Programming: Principles and Practice using C++" course header to
be used for the first few weeks.
It provides the most common standard headers (in the global namespace)
and minimal exception/error support.
Students: please don't try to understand the details of headers just yet.
All will be explained. This header is primarily used so that you don't have
to understand every concept all at once.
Revised April 25, 2010: simple_error() added
*/
#ifndef H112
#define H112 201401L
#define GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__*10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__*100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
#if GCC_VERSION >= 40603
//New C++11 headers in GCC 4.6.3 or later
#include <array>
#include <regex>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>
#include <forward_list>
#include <ratio>
#include <tuple>
#include <chrono>
#include <random>
#endif
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<sstream>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<string>
#include<list>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
#include<stdexcept>
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#if GCC_VERSION >= 40603
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#else
#define unordered_map hash_map
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <hash_map>
using stdext::hash_map;
#else
#include <ext/hash_map>
using __gnu_cxx::hash_map;
namespace __gnu_cxx {
template<> struct hash<std::string>
{
size_t operator()(const std::string& s) const
{
return hash<char*>()(s.c_str());
}
};
} // of namespace __gnu_cxx
#endif //_MSC_VER
#endif //GCC_VERSION >= 40603
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
typedef long Unicode;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
using namespace std;
template<class T> string to_string(const T& t)
{
ostringstream os;
os << t;
return os.str();
}
struct Range_error : out_of_range { // enhanced vector range error reporting
int index;
Range_error(int i) :out_of_range("Range error: " + to_string(i)), index(i) { }
};
// trivially range-checked vector (no iterator checking):
template< class T> struct Vector : public std::vector<T> {
typedef typename std::vector<T>::size_type size_type;
Vector() { }
explicit Vector(size_type n) :std::vector<T>(n) {}
Vector(size_type n, const T& v) :std::vector<T>(n, v) {}
template <class I>
Vector(I first, I last) : std::vector<T>(first, last) {}
#if GCC_VERSION >= 40603
Vector(initializer_list<T> list) : std::vector<T>(list) {}
#endif
T& operator[](unsigned int i) // rather than return at(i);
{
if (this->size() <= i) throw Range_error(i);
return std::vector<T>::operator[](i);
}
const T& operator[](unsigned int i) const
{
if (this->size() <= i) throw Range_error(i);
return std::vector<T>::operator[](i);
}
};
// disgusting macro hack to get a range checked vector:
#define vector Vector
// trivially range-checked string (no iterator checking):
struct String : std::string {
String() { }
String(const char* p) :std::string(p) {}
String(const string& s) :std::string(s) {}
template<class S> String(S s) : std::string(s) {}
String(int sz, char val) :std::string(sz, val) {}
template<class Iter> String(Iter p1, Iter p2) : std::string(p1, p2) { }
char& operator[](unsigned int i) // rather than return at(i);
{
if (size() <= i) throw Range_error(i);
return std::string::operator[](i);
}
const char& operator[](unsigned int i) const
{
if (size() <= i) throw Range_error(i);
return std::string::operator[](i);
}
};
#ifndef _MSC_VER
#if GCC_VERSION >= 40603
namespace std {
template<> struct hash<String>
{
size_t operator()(const String& s) const
{
return hash<std::string>()(s);
}
};
} // of namespace std
#else
namespace __gnu_cxx {
template<> struct hash<String>
{
size_t operator()(const String& s) const
{
return hash<std::string>()(s);
}
};
} // of namespace __gnu_cxx
#endif //GCC_VERSION >= 40603
#endif //_MSC_VER
struct Exit : runtime_error {
Exit() : runtime_error("Exit") {}
};
// error() simply disguises throws:
inline void error(const string& s)
{
throw runtime_error(s);
}
inline void error(const string& s, const string& s2)
{
error(s + s2);
}
inline void error(const string& s, int i)
{
ostringstream os;
os << s << ": " << i;
error(os.str());
}
#if _MSC_VER<1500
// disgusting macro hack to get a range checked string:
#define string String
// MS C++ 9.0 have a built-in assert for string range check
// and uses "std::string" in several places so that macro substitution fails
#endif
template<class T> char* as_bytes(T& i) // needed for binary I/O
{
void* addr = &i; // get the address of the first byte
// of memory used to store the object
return static_cast<char*>(addr); // treat that memory as bytes
}
inline void keep_window_open()
{
cin.clear();
cout << "Please enter a character to exit\n";
char ch;
cin >> ch;
return;
}
inline void keep_window_open(string s)
{
if (s == "") return;
cin.clear();
cin.ignore(120, '\n');
for (;;) {
cout << "Please enter " << s << " to exit\n";
string ss;
while (cin >> ss && ss != s)
cout << "Please enter " << s << " to exit\n";
return;
}
}
// error function to be used (only) until error() is introduced in Chapter 5:
inline void simple_error(string s) // write ``error: s and exit program
{
cerr << "error: " << s << '\n';
keep_window_open(); // for some Windows environments
exit(1);
}
// make std::min() and std::max() accessible:
#undef min
#undef max
#include<iomanip>
inline ios_base& general(ios_base& b) // to augment fixed and scientific
{
b.setf(ios_base::fmtflags(0), ios_base::floatfield);
return b;
}
// run-time checked narrowing cast (type conversion):
template<class R, class A> R narrow_cast(const A& a)
{
R r = R(a);
if (A(r) != a) error(string("info loss"));
return r;
}
inline int randint(int max) { return rand() % max; }
inline int randint(int min, int max) { return randint(max - min) + min; }
inline double sqrt(int x) { return sqrt(double(x)); } // to match C++0x
#endif //H112
下面是错误
./std_lib_facilities.h:43:20: error: no matching function for call to object of
type 'hash<char *>'
return hash<char*>()(s.c_str());
【问题讨论】：
-
不清楚您使用的是什么编译器。是
gcc还是clang？是 Xcode 还是 Macports？ -
Apple XCode 系统提供了一个程序
/usr/bin/gcc，它不是真正的GCC，而是clang。 XCode 6.3 中的版本使用代码中的公式声称其 GCC 版本为 40201。这可能会把事情扔掉。当我编译时，我收到的消息之一是“警告使用标头<ext/hash_map>已弃用。迁移到<unordered_map>”。