PyQT4：从 Ui 获取现有 python 程序的文本

Question

我正在尝试为我制作的现有 python 程序创建一个 UI。 在小部件上，我有两个文本框 (QlineEdit)，我想用它们来获取程序要使用的信息，一个按钮和一个保存程序输出的文本浏览器。

我偶然发现了 PyQT4，我使用自制软件和 QT Creator 安装了它。我已经创建了 UI 并将其从 mainwindow.ui 转换为 mainwindow.py，现在我试图弄清楚如何从 UI 文本框中获取文本输入并让程序使用它。

我不知道如何从文本框（QlineEdit）中提取文本并将它们存储在程序可以使用的变量（字符串）中。

据我了解，我应该创建一个新的 .py 文件并导入主窗口以及 PyQT4.QtCore 和 PyQT4.QtGui。我不知道从这里去哪里，所以任何见解都会有所帮助。

另外，我怎样才能让程序打印到文本浏览器？

也许我的方法有缺陷，我应该围绕 mainwindow.py 文件重建我的程序？

如果这都是些微不足道的信息，我深表歉意，但我从未使用过 PyQT 或 Qt creator。

这是我从转换后的 .ui 到 .py 中得到的代码：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'mainwindow.ui'
#
# Created: Wed Aug 13 15:25:22 2014
#      by: PyQt4 UI code generator 4.11.1
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

try:
    _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8
except AttributeError:
        def _fromUtf8(s):
        return s

try:
    _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8
    def _translate(context, text, disambig):
        return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding)
except AttributeError:
    def _translate(context, text, disambig):
        return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig)

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("MainWindow"))
        MainWindow.resize(480, 385)
        MainWindow.setWindowOpacity(1.0)
        self.centralWidget = QtGui.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralWidget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("centralWidget"))
        self.textBrowser = QtGui.QTextBrowser(self.centralWidget)
        self.textBrowser.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(100, 120, 256, 192))
        self.textBrowser.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("textBrowser"))
        self.widget = QtGui.QWidget(self.centralWidget)
        self.widget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(150, 10, 156, 97))
        self.widget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("widget"))
        self.verticalLayout_2 = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self.widget)
        self.verticalLayout_2.setMargin(0)
        self.verticalLayout_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("verticalLayout_2"))
        self.verticalLayout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("verticalLayout"))
        self.lineEdit = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.widget)
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit"))
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.lineEdit)
        self.lineEdit_2 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.widget)
        self.lineEdit_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_2"))
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.lineEdit_2)
        self.verticalLayout_2.addLayout(self.verticalLayout)
        self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(self.widget)
        self.pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton"))
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.pushButton)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralWidget)
        self.menuBar = QtGui.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menuBar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 480, 22))
        self.menuBar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("menuBar"))
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menuBar)
        self.mainToolBar = QtGui.QToolBar(MainWindow)
        self.mainToolBar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("mainToolBar"))
        MainWindow.addToolBar(QtCore.Qt.TopToolBarArea, self.mainToolBar)
        self.statusBar = QtGui.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusBar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("statusBar"))
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusBar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QObject.connect(self.lineEdit, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("textEdited(QString)")), self.lineEdit.setText)
        QtCore.QObject.connect(self.lineEdit_2, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("textEdited(QString)")), self.lineEdit_2.setText)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow", None))
        self.lineEdit.setPlaceholderText(_translate("MainWindow", "Enter Case Number", None))
        self.lineEdit_2.setPlaceholderText(_translate("MainWindow", "Number of cases", None))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Submit", None))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtGui.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

任何信息都有帮助。谢谢

Answer 1

UI 的工作方式是 UI 构成程序的主循环。这里 mainwindow.py 是你的主循环。您可以导入您在程序中创建的类（我们称之为 code.py），或者只是将该代码粘贴到您的 mainwindow.py 中。然后在按下按钮或其他类型的事件时，您可以调用一个执行 ma​​in code.py

代码的函数

要回答有关如何使用文本并打印到文本浏览器的其他问题，请尝试以下操作：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'mainwindow.ui'
#
# Created: Wed Aug 13 15:25:22 2014
#      by: PyQt4 UI code generator 4.11.1
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

try:
    _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8
except AttributeError:
        def _fromUtf8(s):
            return s

try:
    _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8
    def _translate(context, text, disambig):
        return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding)
except AttributeError:
    def _translate(context, text, disambig):
        return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig)

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("MainWindow"))
        MainWindow.resize(480, 385)
        MainWindow.setWindowOpacity(1.0)
        self.centralWidget = QtGui.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralWidget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("centralWidget"))
        self.textBrowser = QtGui.QTextBrowser(self.centralWidget)
        self.textBrowser.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(100, 120, 256, 192))
        self.textBrowser.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("textBrowser"))
        self.widget = QtGui.QWidget(self.centralWidget)
        self.widget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(150, 10, 156, 97))
        self.widget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("widget"))
        self.verticalLayout_2 = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self.widget)
        self.verticalLayout_2.setMargin(0)
        self.verticalLayout_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("verticalLayout_2"))
        self.verticalLayout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("verticalLayout"))
        self.lineEdit = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.widget)
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit"))
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.lineEdit)
        self.lineEdit_2 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.widget)
        self.lineEdit_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_2"))
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.lineEdit_2)
        self.verticalLayout_2.addLayout(self.verticalLayout)
        self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(self.widget)
        self.pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton"))
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.pushButton)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralWidget)
        self.menuBar = QtGui.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menuBar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 480, 22))
        self.menuBar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("menuBar"))
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menuBar)
        self.mainToolBar = QtGui.QToolBar(MainWindow)
        self.mainToolBar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("mainToolBar"))
        MainWindow.addToolBar(QtCore.Qt.TopToolBarArea, self.mainToolBar)
        self.statusBar = QtGui.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusBar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("statusBar"))
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusBar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QObject.connect(self.lineEdit, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("textEdited(QString)")), self.lineEdit.setText)
        QtCore.QObject.connect(self.lineEdit_2, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("textEdited(QString)")), self.lineEdit_2.setText)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow", None))
        self.lineEdit.setPlaceholderText(_translate("MainWindow", "Enter Case Number", None))
        self.lineEdit_2.setPlaceholderText(_translate("MainWindow", "Number of cases", None))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Submit", None))

        # Call a function when the button "Submit" is pressed
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.OnSubmit)


    def OnSubmit(self):

        # On submit do the necessary 
        # here I take the text from the LineEdits that you have 
        # (ie your Case Number, and number of Cases) 
        # and print them to the textbrowser below

        text = self.lineEdit.text() + ' ' + self.lineEdit_2.text()
        self.textBrowser.append(text)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtGui.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

您可以在此处找到一些基本教程：http://zetcode.com/gui/pyqt4/，它们可以帮助您了解 QtGui 对象的属性。