对象、枚举类型、范围的问题[关闭]

Question

我觉得我在兜圈子，试图查明为什么会发生编译器错误。我将给出我得到的编译器错误的（长）列表，并希望有人可以就如何纠正这些错误提出建议。我包括4个文件，其中一个很长，但为了完整起见，我会提供整个文件。

任何小错误的帮助将非常感激。

编译器错误列表：

world.cpp:13:1: error: ‘World’ does not name a type
 World::World(string explorer)
 ^
world.cpp:28:6: error: ‘World’ has not been declared
 void World::setNumPits(int pits)
  ^
world.cpp: In function ‘void setNumPits(int)’:
world.cpp:30:9: error: ‘numPits’ was not declared in this scope
     numPits = pits;
     ^
world.cpp: At global scope:
world.cpp:37:5: error: ‘World’ has not been declared
int World::getNumPits()
 ^
world.cpp: In function ‘int getNumPits()’:
world.cpp:39:9: error: ‘numPits’ was not declared in this scope
  return numPits;
     ^
world.cpp: At global scope:
world.cpp:46:6: error: ‘World’ has not been declared
 void World::setType()
  ^
world.cpp: In function ‘void setType()’:
world.cpp:50:2: error: ‘board’ was not declared in this scope
   board[0][4].setType(type);  // The explorer will always begin at this position
  ^
  world.cpp:80:23: error: ‘numPits’ was not declared in this scope
   for (int i = 0; i <= numPits; i++) 
                   ^
 world.cpp: In function ‘void setFace(Facing)’:
 world.cpp:108:7: error: ‘board’ was not declared in this scope
    if (board[i][j].getType() == YOU)
       ^
world.cpp: In function ‘void setBreeze(bool)’:
world.cpp:132:25: error: ‘board’ was not declared in this scope
                 if (board[i + 1][j].getType() == PIT)
                     ^
world.cpp:151:25: error: ‘board’ was not declared in this scope
                 if (board[i + 1][j].getType() == PIT)
                     ^
world.cpp:171:25: error: ‘board’ was not declared in this scope
                 if (board[i][j + 1].getType() == PIT)
                     ^
world.cpp:205:6: error: ‘World’ has not been declared
void World::setStench()
  ^
world.cpp:206:1: error: a function-definition is not allowed here before ‘{’ token
 {
 ^
world.cpp:1600:1: error: expected ‘}’ at end of input
 }
 ^
world.cpp:1600:1: error: expected ‘}’ at end of input
world.cpp: In function ‘int getNumPits()’:
world.cpp:40:1: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
 }
 ^
gameobject.cpp:9:1: error: ‘GameObject’ does not name a type
GameObject::GameObject()
 ^
gameobject.cpp:19:6: error: ‘GameObject’ has not been declared
 void GameObject::setFace(Facing direct)
      ^
gameobject.cpp:19:26: error: variable or field ‘setFace’ declared void
 void GameObject::setFace(Facing direct)
                          ^
gameobject.cpp:19:26: error: ‘Facing’ was not declared in this scope
gameobject.cpp:28:6: error: ‘GameObject’ has not been declared
 void GameObject::setType(Type square)
      ^
gameobject.cpp:28:26: error: variable or field ‘setType’ declared void
void GameObject::setType(Type square)
                          ^
gameobject.cpp:28:26: error: ‘Type’ was not declared in this scope
gameobject.cpp:38:1: error: ‘Facing’ does not name a type
Facing GameObject::getFace()
^
gameobject.cpp:47:1: error: ‘Type’ does not name a type
Type GameObject::getType()
 ^
gameobject.cpp:56:6: error: ‘GameObject’ has not been declared
void GameObject::setBreeze(bool pitAdj)
      ^
gameobject.cpp: In function ‘void setBreeze(bool)’:
gameobject.cpp:58:2: error: ‘breeze’ was not declared in this scope
  breeze = pitAdj;
  ^
gameobject.cpp: At global scope:
gameobject.cpp:65:6: error: ‘GameObject’ has not been declared
void GameObject::setStench(bool wumpAdj)
     ^
gameobject.cpp: In function ‘void setStench(bool)’:
gameobject.cpp:67:2: error: ‘stench’ was not declared in this scope
 stench = wumpAdj;
  ^
gameobject.cpp: At global scope:
 gameobject.cpp:74:6: error: ‘GameObject’ has not been declared
 bool GameObject::getBreeze()
      ^
 gameobject.cpp: In function ‘bool getBreeze()’:
gameobject.cpp:76:9: error: ‘breeze’ was not declared in this scope
    return breeze;
     ^
 gameobject.cpp: At global scope:
 gameobject.cpp:83:6: error: ‘GameObject’ has not been declared
  bool GameObject::getStench()
       ^
gameobject.cpp: In function ‘bool getStench()’:
gameobject.cpp:85:9: error: ‘stench’ was not declared in this scope
 return stench;
     ^
gameobject.cpp: In function ‘bool getBreeze()’:
gameobject.cpp:77:1: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
 }
 ^
gameobject.cpp: In function ‘bool getStench()’:
gameobject.cpp:86:1: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
 }

这是我的 gameobject.h 文件，其中包含我的 GameObject 类定义

// Specification file for the GameObject class
#ifndef GAMEOBJECT_H
#define GAMEOBJECT_H
using namespace std;
// GameObject class declaration

class GameObject
{
    private:
        Type type;
        Facing face;
        bool stench;
        bool breeze;
    public:
        GameObject();   // Constructor  
        void setFace(Facing);
        void setType(Type);
        void setBreeze(bool);
        void setStench(bool);
        Facing getFace();
        Type getType();
        bool getBreeze();
        bool getStench();
};

#endif

这是我的gameObject.cpp，

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

//************************************************************
// Constructor for GameObject                    *              
//************************************************************

GameObject::GameObject()
{
    type = BLANK;
    face = EAST;
}

//************************************************************
// setFace sets the value of the member variable face        *
//************************************************************

void GameObject::setFace(Facing direct)
{
    face = direct;
}

//************************************************************
// setType sets the value of the member variable type        *
//************************************************************

void GameObject::setType(Type square)
{
    type = square;
}


//************************************************************
// getFace sets the value of the member variable face        *
//************************************************************

Facing GameObject::getFace()
{
    return face;
}

//************************************************************
// getType sets the value of the member variable type        *
//************************************************************

Type GameObject::getType()
{
    return type;
}

//************************************************************
// setBreeze sets the value of the member variable breeze    *
//************************************************************

void GameObject::setBreeze(bool pitAdj)
{
    breeze = pitAdj;
}

//************************************************************
// setStench sets the value of the member variable stench    *
//************************************************************

void GameObject::setStench(bool wumpAdj)
{
    stench = wumpAdj;
}

//************************************************************
// getBreeze returns the value of the member variable breeze *
//************************************************************

bool GameObject::getBreeze()
{
    return breeze;
}

//************************************************************
// getStench returns the value of the member variable stench  *
//************************************************************

bool GameObject::getStench()
{
    return stench;
}

这是我定义 World 类的 world.h 文件

    //Specification file for the World Class
    #ifndef WORLD_H
    #define WORLD_H
    #include "gameobject.h"
    using namespace std;

    enum Type { YOU, WUMPUS, GOLD, PIT, BLANK }; // Enumerated types of objects
    enum Facing { NORTH, EAST, SOUTH, WEST };   // Enumerated directions

    //World class declaration

    class World
    {
        private:
            GameObject board[4][4];     //Array of GameObjects
            string name;
            int numPits;
            bool breeze;
            bool stench;
            Facing temp;

         public:
            World(string);              //Constructor
            void setNumPits(int);
            int getNumPits();
            void setType();
            void setFace(Facing);
            void setBreeze();
            void setStench();
            void setBoard();
            void displayBoard();
            void displayOptions(int);
            void changeDirections();
            void move();
            void wumpusDeath();
            void pitDeath();
            void shoot();
            void wumpusKilled();
            void getGold();
            void quitGame();
    };

    #endif

我无法包含我的整个 world.cpp，但这是它的开始，我尝试包含所有导致编译器错误的代码。

    //Implementation file for World class
#include "gameobject.h"     //For the GameObject class
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

//************************************************************
// Constructor for World                                     *
//************************************************************

World::World(string explorer)
{
    explorer = name;

    // Get the system time
    unsigned seed = time(0);

    // Seed the random number generator
    srand(seed);
}

//************************************************************
// setNumPits sets the vslue of the memeber variable numPits *
//************************************************************

void World::setNumPits(int pits)
{
        numPits = pits;
}

//************************************************************
// getNumPits returns the value of the variable numPits      *
//************************************************************

int World::getNumPits()
{
    return numPits;
}

//************************************************************
// setType sets the member variable type in GameObject array *
//************************************************************

void World::setType()
{
    Type type;
    type = YOU;
    board[0][4].setType(type);  // The explorer will always begin at this position

    // Randomly selects location of WUMPUS
    int wRows, wCols;
    wRows = rand() % 4;
        wCols = rand() % 4;
    // If square is takem, generates random values until a blank is found
    while (board[wRows][wCols].getType() != BLANK)
    {
            wRows = rand() % 4;
            wCols = rand() % 4;
    }
    type = WUMPUS;
    board[wRows][wCols].setType(type);  // Places the WUMPUS

    // Randomly selects location of GOLD
    int gRows, gCols;
        gRows = rand() % 4;
        gCols = rand() % 4;
    // If square is taken, generates random values until a blank is found
        while (board[gRows][gCols].getType() != BLANK)
        {
            gRows = rand() % 4;
            gCols = rand() % 4;
    }
    type = GOLD;
    board[gRows][gCols].setType(type);  // Places the GOLD

    // Randomly selects location of PITS
    int pRows, pCols;
    for (int i = 0; i <= numPits; i++)  // Places the number of PITS randomly selected
    {
        pRows = rand() % 4;
        pCols = rand() % 4;
            // If square is taken, generates random values until a blank is found
        while (board[pRows][pCols].getType() != BLANK)
        {
            pRows = rand() % 4;
            pCols = rand() % 4;
        }
        type = PIT;
        board[pRows][pCols].setType(type);  // Places the PIT
    }

    // All other types remain BLANK
}       

//************************************************************
// setFace sets the direction YOU is facing                  *
//************************************************************

void setFace(Facing direction)
{
    Facing face;
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++)
        {
        if (board[i][j].getType() == YOU)
        {
            face = direction;
            board[i][j].setFace(face);
        }
        }
    }
}

//************************************************************
// setBreeze sets the attribute breeze                       *
//************************************************************

void setBreeze(bool breeze)
{
    bool breeze = false;
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++)
        {
        // Tests corner squares for attributes
                if (j == 4)
                {  
            // Tests for breeze
                    if (board[i + 1][j].getType() == PIT)
                    {
                    breeze = true;
                        board[i + 1][j].getBreeze(breeze);
                    }
                    else if (board[i][j - 1].getType() == PIT)
                    {
                        breeze = true;
                        board[i][j - 1].getBreeze(breeze);
                    }
                    else if (board[i + 1][j - 1].getType() == PIT)
                    {
                        breeze = true;
                        board[i + 1][j - 1].getBreeze(breeze);
                    }
                }  
            if (j == 0)
                {
            // Tests for breeze
                    if (board[i + 1][j].getType() == PIT)
                    {
                        breeze = true;
                        board[i + 1][j].getBreeze(breeze);
                    }
                    else if (board[i][j + 1].getType() == PIT)
                    {
                        breeze = true;
                        board[i][j + 1].getBreeze(breeze);
                    }
                    else if (board[i + 1][j + 1].getType() == PIT)
                    {
                        breeze = true;
                        board[i + 1][j + 1].getBreeze(breeze);
                    }
                {
            // Tests top row for attributes
                if (j > 0 && j < 4)
                {
            // Tests for breeze
                    if (board[i][j + 1].getType() == PIT)
                    {
                        breeze = true;
                        board[i][j + 1].getBreeze(breeze);
                    }   
                    else if (board[i][j - 1].getType() == PIT)
                    {
                        breeze = true;
                        board[i][j - 1].getBreeze(breeze);
                    } 
                    else if (board[i + 1][j].getType() == PIT)
                    {
                        breeze = true;
                        board[i + 1][j].getBreeze(breeze);
                    }
                    else if (board[i + 1][j + 1].getType() == PIT)
                    {
                        breeze = true;
                        board[i + 1][j + 1].getBreeze(breeze);
                    }
                    else if (board[i + 1][j - 1].getType() == PIT)
                    {
                        breeze = true;
                        board[i + 1][j - 1].getBreeze(breeze);
                    }
             }
        }
    }
}

//************************************************************
// setStench displays the game board                      *
//************************************************************

void World::setStench()
{
    bool stench = false;
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++)
        {
        // Tests corner squares for attributes
                if (i == 0 && j == 4)
                {  
            // Tests for breeze
                    if (board[i + 1][j].getType() == WUMPUS)
                    {
                    stench = true;
                        board[i + 1][j].getStench(stench);
                    }
                    else if (board[i][j - 1].getType() == WUMPUS)
                    {
                        stench = true;
                        board[i][j - 1].getStench(stench);
                    }
                    else if (board[i + 1][j - 1].getType() == WUMPUS)
                    {
                        stench = true;
                        board[i + 1][j - 1].getStench(stench);
                    }
                }  
            if (i == 0 && j == 0)
                {
            // Tests for breeze
                    if (board[i + 1][j].getType() == WUMPUS)
                    {
                        stench = true;
                        board[i + 1][j].getStench(stench);
                    }
                    else if (board[i][j + 1].getType() == WUMPUS)
                    {
                        stench = true;
                        board[i][j + 1].getStench(stench);
                    }
                    else if (board[i + 1][j + 1].getType() == WUMPUS)
                    {
                        stench = true;
                        board[i + 1][j + 1].getStench(stench);
                    }
                {
            // Tests top row for attributes
                if (i == 0 && j > 0 && j < 4)
                {
            // Tests for breeze
                    if (board[i][j + 1].getType() == WUMPUS)
                    {
                        stench = true;
                        board[i][j + 1].getStench(stench);
                    }   
                    else if (board[i][j - 1].getType() == WUMPUS)
                    {
                        stench = true;
                        board[i][j - 1].getStench(stench);
                    } 
                    else if (board[i + 1][j].getType() == WUMPUS)
                    {
                        stench = true;
                        board[i + 1][j].getStench(stench);
                    }
                    else if (board[i + 1][j + 1].getType() == WUMPUS)
                    {
                        stench = true;
                        board[i + 1][j + 1].getStench(stench);
                    }
                    else if (board[i + 1][j - 1].getType() == WUMPUS)
                    {
                        stench = true;
                        board[i + 1][j - 1].getStench(stench);
                    }
             }
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

您遇到的所有错误都是相关的：

• '...' has not been declared
• '...' does not name a type
• '...' was not declared in this scope

它们意味着编译器找不到这些对象的声明，因为它们位于单独的文件中，而您没有在需要的地方包含它们。

---

比如在gameObject.cpp中，你声明了GameObject类的函数，但是你没有包含gameobject.h，所以编译器找不到那个类，导致报错。