CLion 1.2 Windows 10 中的 CMake for PostgreSQL答案

【问题标题】：CMake for PostgreSQL in CLion 1.2 Windows 10CLion 1.2 Windows 10 中的 CMake for PostgreSQL
【发布时间】：2015-09-20 17:13:17
【问题描述】：

无法在 CLion 1.2 EAP 中使用 PostgreSQL 构建 C++ 文件。

CMake 文件：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.3)
project(PostgreSQLTest)

find_package(PostgreSQL REQUIRED)
set(PostgreSQL_INCLUDE_DIRS, "C:\\Program Files\\PostgreSQL\\9.4\\include")
include_directories (${PostgreSQL_INCLUDE_DIRS})

set(SOURCES main.cpp)
add_executable(PostgreSQLTest ${SOURCES})
set(PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES, "C:\\Program Files\\PostgreSQL\\9.4\\lib")
target_link_libraries(PostgreSQLTest ${PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES})

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11")

set(SOURCE_FILES
    CMakeLists.txt
    main.cpp)

构建消息：

"C:\Program Files (x86)\JetBrains\CLion 142.4859.12\bin\cmake\bin\cmake.exe" --build C:\Users\darin\.CLion12\system\cmake\generated\f846c544\f846c544\Debug --target PostgreSQLTest -- -j 8
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: C:/Users/darin/.CLion12/system/cmake/generated/f846c544/f846c544/Debug
[ 50%] Linking CXX executable PostgreSQLTest.exe
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.8.1/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -llibpq
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
mingw32-make.exe[3]: *** [PostgreSQLTest.exe] Error 1
CMakeFiles\PostgreSQLTest.dir\build.make:96: recipe for target 'PostgreSQLTest.exe' failed
mingw32-make.exe[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/all] Error 2
CMakeFiles\Makefile2:66: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/all' failed
CMakeFiles\Makefile2:78: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/rule' failed
Makefile:117: recipe for target 'PostgreSQLTest' failed
mingw32-make.exe[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/rule] Error 2
mingw32-make.exe: *** [PostgreSQLTest] Error 2

有人有这个构建的经验吗？

从评论 2015-09-21 应用更改后进行编辑

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.3)
project(PostgreSQLTest)

set(PostgreSQL_ROOT, "C:\\Program Files\\PostgreSQL\\9.4")
find_package(PostgreSQL REQUIRED)

set(SOURCES main.cpp)
add_executable(PostgreSQLTest ${SOURCES})

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11")

set(SOURCE_FILES
    CMakeLists.txt
    main.cpp)

错误：

"C:\Program Files (x86)\JetBrains\CLion 142.4859.12\bin\cmake\bin\cmake.exe" --build C:\Users\darin\.CLion12\system\cmake\generated\f846c544\f846c544\Debug --target PostgreSQLTest -- -j 8
[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/main.cpp.obj
C:\Users\darin\ClionProjects\PostgreSQLTest\main.cpp:2:22: fatal error: libpq-fe.h: No such file or directory
#include "libpq-fe.h"
                   ^
compilation terminated.
mingw32-make.exe[3]: *** [CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/main.cpp.obj] Error 1
CMakeFiles\PostgreSQLTest.dir\build.make:61: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/main.cpp.obj' failed
CMakeFiles\Makefile2:66: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/all' failed
mingw32-make.exe[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/all] Error 2
CMakeFiles\Makefile2:78: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/rule' failed
mingw32-make.exe[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/rule] Error 2
Makefile:117: recipe for target 'PostgreSQLTest' failed
mingw32-make.exe: *** [PostgreSQLTest] Error 2

我已经确认 libpq-fh.h 确实存在于 C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\9.4\include 中，所以我的 Cmake 文件中肯定还有一些不正确的东西阻止了构建。

我是否缺少构建所需的target_link_libraries()？

在应用建议的更改后编辑 2

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.3)

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11")

project(PostgreSQLTest)

set(PostgreSQL_ROOT "C:\\Program Files\\PostgreSQL\\9.4")
find_package(PostgreSQL REQUIRED)

set(SOURCES main.cpp)
add_executable(PostgreSQLTest ${SOURCES})

set(PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES "C:\\Program Files\\PostgreSQL\\9.4\\lib")
target_link_libraries(PostgreSQLTest ${PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES})


set(SOURCE_FILES
    CMakeLists.txt
    main.cpp)

错误：

"C:\Program Files (x86)\JetBrains\CLion 142.4859.12\bin\cmake\bin\cmake.exe" --build C:\Users\darin\.CLion12\system\cmake\generated\f846c544\f846c544\Debug --target all -- -j 8
[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/main.cpp.obj
C:\Users\darin\ClionProjects\PostgreSQLTest\main.cpp:2:22: fatal error: libpq-fe.h: No such file or directory
#include "libpq-fe.h"
                     ^
compilation terminated.
mingw32-make.exe[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/main.cpp.obj] Error 1
mingw32-make.exe[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/all] Error 2
mingw32-make.exe: *** [all] Error 2
CMakeFiles\PostgreSQLTest.dir\build.make:61: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/main.cpp.obj' failed
CMakeFiles\Makefile2:66: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/all' failed
Makefile:82: recipe for target 'all' failed

我进行了建议的更改，尝试了几种不同的编译顺序，但仍然失败。

有什么想法吗？

在 2015 年 10 月 5 日发表评论后进行的编辑

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.3)
project(PostgreSQLTest)

# For *modify* CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS, this should come after project() call.
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11")

# Next line is not required, without it given path will be checked too.
#set(PostgreSQL_ROOT "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\PostgreSQL\\9.4")
#set(PostgreSQL ROOT "C:\\MinGW\\compiledLibs\\psql\\postgresql-9.6devel\\tmp_install\\usr\\local\\pgsql")

set(PostgreSQL ROOT "C:\\MinGW\\msys\\1.0\\local\\pgsql")
find_package(PostgreSQL REQUIRED)
message("PostgreSQL_LIBRARY_DIRS: ${PostgreSQL_LIBRARY_DIRS}")

# Now variables PostgreSQL_INCLUDE_DIRS, PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES are set. Just use them.
include_directories (${PostgreSQL_INCLUDE_DIRS})
link_directories(${PostgreSQL_LIBRARY_DIRS})

set(SOURCES main.cpp)
add_executable(PostgreSQLTest ${SOURCES})
target_link_libraries(PostgreSQLTest ${PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES})

set(SOURCE_FILES
    CMakeLists.txt
    main.cpp)

我没有找到任何表明使用的 posgres 库的信息。

"C:\Program Files (x86)\JetBrains\CLion 142.4859.12\bin\cmake\bin\cmake.exe" --build C:\Users\darin\.CLion12\system\cmake\generated\f846c544\f846c544\Debug --target all -- -j 8
[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/main.cpp.obj
[100%] Linking CXX executable PostgreSQLTest.exe
CMakeFiles\PostgreSQLTest.dir/objects.a(main.cpp.obj): In function `Z9CloseConnP7pg_conn':
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:9: undefined reference to `PQfinish'
CMakeFiles\PostgreSQLTest.dir/objects.a(main.cpp.obj): In function `Z9ConnectDBv':
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:19: undefined reference to `PQconnectdb'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:22: undefined reference to `PQstatus'
CMakeFiles\PostgreSQLTest.dir/objects.a(main.cpp.obj): In function `Z19CreateEmployeeTableP7pg_conn':
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:39: undefined reference to `PQexec'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:41: undefined reference to `PQresultStatus'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:44: undefined reference to `PQclear'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:51: undefined reference to `PQclear'
CMakeFiles\PostgreSQLTest.dir/objects.a(main.cpp.obj): In function `Z17InsertEmployeeRecP7pg_connPKcS2_':
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:66: undefined reference to `PQexec'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:68: undefined reference to `PQresultStatus'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:71: undefined reference to `PQclear'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:78: undefined reference to `PQclear'
CMakeFiles\PostgreSQLTest.dir/objects.a(main.cpp.obj): In function `Z16FetchEmployeeRecP7pg_conn':
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:88: undefined reference to `PQexec'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:90: undefined reference to `PQresultStatus'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:93: undefined reference to `PQclear'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:98: undefined reference to `PQclear'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:101: undefined reference to `PQexec'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:102: undefined reference to `PQresultStatus'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:105: undefined reference to `PQclear'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:110: undefined reference to `PQclear'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:112: undefined reference to `PQexec'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:114: undefined reference to `PQresultStatus'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:117: undefined reference to `PQclear'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:122: undefined reference to `PQnfields'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:128: undefined reference to `PQfname'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:135: undefined reference to `PQgetvalue'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:132: undefined reference to `PQntuples'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:139: undefined reference to `PQclear'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:142: undefined reference to `PQexec'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:143: undefined reference to `PQclear'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:146: undefined reference to `PQexec'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:149: undefined reference to `PQclear'
CMakeFiles\PostgreSQLTest.dir/objects.a(main.cpp.obj): In function `Z20RemoveAllEmployeeRecP7pg_conn':
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:156: undefined reference to `PQexec'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:158: undefined reference to `PQresultStatus'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:161: undefined reference to `PQclear'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:168: undefined reference to `PQclear'
CMakeFiles\PostgreSQLTest.dir/objects.a(main.cpp.obj): In function `Z17DropEmployeeTableP7pg_conn':
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:175: undefined reference to `PQexec'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:177: undefined reference to `PQresultStatus'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:180: undefined reference to `PQclear'
C:/Users/darin/ClionProjects/PostgreSQLTest/main.cpp:187: undefined reference to `PQclear'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
CMakeFiles\PostgreSQLTest.dir\build.make:96: recipe for target 'PostgreSQLTest.exe' failed
CMakeFiles\Makefile2:66: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/all' failed
Makefile:82: recipe for target 'all' failed
mingw32-make.exe[2]: *** [PostgreSQLTest.exe] Error 1
mingw32-make.exe[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/PostgreSQLTest.dir/all] Error 2
mingw32-make.exe: *** [all] Error 2

【问题讨论】：

1.如果你想调整 find_package() 的行为，你应该在 before 设置变量。 2. 变量PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES 应包含库文件的完整路径列表。但是您将其设置为目录。相反，您应该设置PostgreSQL_LIBRARY_DIRS。 3. 与其为PostgreSQL设置几个路径变量，不如将根变量PostgreSQL_ROOT设置为C:\\Program Files\\PostgreSQL\\9.4。同样，这应该在 find_package 调用之前完成。
您的回复很有帮助，但我仍然无法构建。如果您将完整的解决方案作为答案发布，将会很有帮助。
您原来的target_link_libraries() 调用是正确的，并且确实需要。此外，您在set(PostgreSQL_ROOT ...) 命令中错误地使用了,：cmake 使用空格作为命令参数之间的分隔符。此外，最好在第一次调用add_executable() 之前发出set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS ...) 命令。
@Tsyvarev，仍然无法使用推荐的更改进行构建。其他想法？

标签： postgresql cmake g++ mingw clion

【解决方案1】：

正确的CMakeLists.txt：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.3)
project(PostgreSQLTest)

# For *modify* CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS, this should come after project() call.
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11")

# Next line is not required, without it given path will be checked too.
set(PostgreSQL_ROOT "C:\\Program Files\\PostgreSQL\\9.4")
find_package(PostgreSQL REQUIRED)
# Now variables PostgreSQL_INCLUDE_DIRS, PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES, PostgreSQL_LIBRARY_DIRS are set. Just use them.

include_directories (${PostgreSQL_INCLUDE_DIRS})
link_directories(${PostgreSQL_LIBRARY_DIRS})

set(SOURCES main.cpp)
add_executable(PostgreSQLTest ${SOURCES})
target_link_libraries(PostgreSQLTest ${PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES})

set(SOURCE_FILES
    CMakeLists.txt
    main.cpp)

find_package(PostgreSQL) 调用的主要（但不仅仅是）目的是设置变量PostgreSQL_INCLUDE_DIRS、PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES、PostgreSQL_LIBRARY_DIRS（和其他一些）。之后无需手动设置这些变量，直接使用即可。

【讨论】：

感谢您抽出宝贵时间发布此内容并附上解释。我们已经非常接近了，但链接器似乎卡在了这个“找不到 -llibpq”上。我假设它正在尝试链接这个库，但我不太了解 cmake。 C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\9.4\lib 中有几个 libpq.* 文件。有没有办法解决这个问题？
刚刚发现，PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES 变量只是libpq，不是库的完整路径。所以你需要使用link_directories 命令（见更新的答案）。
好的，谢谢！这解决了链接器问题。我相信我们已经走到了最后一道关口。没有任何 PostgreSQL 函数被识别。我得到对 PQFinish、PQconnectdb、PQstatus、PQexec 等的未定义引用...我使用的示例来自这里：askyb.com/cpp/c-postgresql-example-in-linux。
嗯，你使用mingw编译你的项目，所以PostgreSQL本身应该使用mingw工具编译。由于它的安装路径在C:\Program Files下，看来这不是你的情况，不是吗？
是的，CLion 正在使用 MinGW 编译我的项目。让我研究一下，然后我会发布我的发现。我现在没时间。一旦我弄清楚这一点，我会发布。

【解决方案2】：

就用这个，在mac上测试过。

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6)
project(postgres)


set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11")

add_custom_target(postgres COMMAND make -C ${postgres_SOURCE_DIR})

cmake done

【讨论】：