如何使用 boost::karma/qi 解析日期时间？

Question

我正在解析以下格式的日志文件：

<line id>,<time>,<data_1>,<data_2>,<event_description>

时间格式为dd-MM-yy HH:mm:ss.fff。

我需要提取解析时间，data_1和data_2。

这是我为每一行所做的：

    auto unquoted_string = lexeme[+(boost::spirit::qi::char_ - ',')];

    double data_1=-1, data_2=-1;
    boost::fusion::vector<char> datestr;

    bool r = phrase_parse(
        std::begin(line), 
        std::end(line),
        int_>>','>>unquoted_string[ref(datestr)=_1]>>',' >> double_[ref(data_1) = _1] >> ',' >> double_[ref(data_2) = _1] >>','>>unquoted_string,
        boost::spirit::qi::space
    );

现在我留下了boost::fusion::vector<char>，其中包含需要解析的日期时间字符串。如何将其转换为 std::string？有没有更好的方法来解析 boost::karma/qi 中的时间？

Answer 1

Spirit Karma 用于生成输出，而不是用于解析，所以不，你不能使用它。

对于这样的工作，我建议不要解析整个日期格式，而是解析你给它的行的一般形式：

<line id>,<time>,<data_1>,<data_2>,<event_description>

让我们定义一个收件人类型：

struct Event {
    size_t id;
    std::string date, data1, data2, description;
};

适应自动属性传播：

BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Event, id, date, data1, data2, description)

一个简单的规则：

qi::rule<boost::spirit::istream_iterator, Event(), qi::blank_type> rule;
rule =
    qi::ulong_long >> ',' >>            // id
    qi::raw[*~qi::char_(',')] >> ',' >> // date
    qi::raw[*~qi::char_(',')] >> ',' >> // data1
    qi::raw[*~qi::char_(',')] >> ',' >> // data2
    qi::raw[*(qi::char_ - qi::eol)]     // description
    ;

我们开始吧：

if (qi::phrase_parse(f, l, rule % qi::eol, qi::blank, events)) {
    for (auto& event : events) {
        std::cout << event << "\n----\n";
    }
} else {
    std::cout << "Parse failed\n";
}

if (f != l) {
    std::cout << "Remaining unparsed: " << std::quoted(std::string(f,l)) << "\n";
}

打印：Live On Coliru

         id:11886
       date:"05/09/20 01:01:06.338053260"
      data1:"26168"
      data2:"5374"
description:"if (_mode & full_match) {"

----
         id:30215
       date:"05/09/20 01:01:15.391796323"
      data1:"23936"
      data2:"15742"
description:"auto const& shape = shapes.at(id);"

----
         id:7386
       date:"05/09/20 01:01:15.463584888"
      data1:"26798"
      data2:"13486"
description:"into.emplace_back();"

----
         id:24377
       date:"05/09/20 01:01:15.531308865"
      data1:"11735"
      data2:"15257"
description:"auto pattern = _formats.begin();"

----
         id:11744
       date:"05/09/20 01:01:15.590114069"
      data1:"3451"
      data2:"17645"
description:"auto bounds = field.bounds();"

----
         id:20148
       date:"05/09/20 01:01:15.652360522"
      data1:"12228"
      data2:"29033"
description:"if ((_mode & mru) && pattern != _formats.begin()) {"

----
         id:9196
       date:"05/09/20 01:01:15.699402632"
      data1:"6639"
      data2:"27448"
description:"#include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp>"

----
         id:7341
       date:"05/09/20 01:01:15.754603212"
      data1:"21142"
      data2:"30650"
description:"namespace attrs = boost::log::attributes;"

----
         id:14990
       date:"05/09/20 01:01:15.802583615"
      data1:"18421"
      data2:"10623"
description:"BOOST_LOG_GLOBAL_LOGGER_INIT(logger, src::severity_logger_mt) {"

----
         id:19490
       date:"05/09/20 01:01:15.860306470"
      data1:"2883"
      data2:"848"
description:"void Server::getNextSamples(std::vector<sf::Int16> oSamples) {"

----
         id:30360
       date:"05/09/20 01:01:15.918505128"
      data1:"4369"
      data2:"1998"
description:"case shape::circle:  return os << \"circle\";"

----
Remaining unparsed: "
"

完整列表

Live On Coliru

#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/adapted/struct.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>

struct Event {
    size_t id;
    std::string date, data1, data2, description;
};

// for parsing
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Event, id, date, data1, data2, description)

// for debug output
static std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, Event const& evt) {
    os << "         id:" << evt.id << "\n";
    os << "       date:" << std::quoted(evt.date) << "\n";
    os << "      data1:" << std::quoted(evt.data1) << "\n";
    os << "      data2:" << std::quoted(evt.data2) << "\n";
    os << "description:" << std::quoted(evt.description) << "\n";
    return os;
}

int main() {
    //<line id>,<time>,<data_1>,<data_2>,<event_description>
    std::istringstream iss(R"(11886,05/09/20 01:01:06.338053260,26168,5374,            if (_mode & full_match) {
30215,05/09/20 01:01:15.391796323,23936,15742,                    auto const& shape = shapes.at(id);
7386,05/09/20 01:01:15.463584888,26798,13486,        into.emplace_back();
24377,05/09/20 01:01:15.531308865,11735,15257,        auto pattern = _formats.begin();
11744,05/09/20 01:01:15.590114069,3451,17645,        auto bounds = field.bounds();
20148,05/09/20 01:01:15.652360522,12228,29033,            if ((_mode & mru) && pattern != _formats.begin()) {
9196,05/09/20 01:01:15.699402632,6639,27448,#include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp>
7341,05/09/20 01:01:15.754603212,21142,30650,namespace attrs = boost::log::attributes;
14990,05/09/20 01:01:15.802583615,18421,10623,BOOST_LOG_GLOBAL_LOGGER_INIT(logger, src::severity_logger_mt) {
19490,05/09/20 01:01:15.860306470,2883,848,void Server::getNextSamples(std::vector<sf::Int16> oSamples) {
30360,05/09/20 01:01:15.918505128,4369,1998,            case shape::circle:  return os << "circle";
)");

    boost::spirit::istream_iterator f(iss >> std::noskipws), l;

    std::vector<Event> events;

    namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;

    qi::rule<boost::spirit::istream_iterator, Event(), qi::blank_type> rule;
    rule =
        qi::ulong_long >> ',' >>            // id
        qi::raw[*~qi::char_(',')] >> ',' >> // date
        qi::raw[*~qi::char_(',')] >> ',' >> // data1
        qi::raw[*~qi::char_(',')] >> ',' >> // data2
        qi::raw[*(qi::char_ - qi::eol)]     // description
        ;

    if (qi::phrase_parse(f, l, rule % qi::eol, qi::blank, events)) {
        for (auto& event : events) {
            std::cout << event << "\n----\n";
        }
    } else {
        std::cout << "Parse failed\n";
    }

    if (f != l) {
        std::cout << "Remaining unparsed: " << std::quoted(std::string(f,l)) << "\n";
    }
}

奖金

要实际解析日期时间，我建议使用 Boost DateTime。或者，在这里寻找基于strptime 的东西，它非常通用：C++ boost date_input_facet seems to parse dates unexpectedly with incorrect formats passed to the facet constructor