JUnit 在带有 @Autowired 注释的 Spring Boot 中不起作用

Question

我有一个 Spring Boot 应用程序，我正在其中创建 REST Web 服务 使用 MVC 模式。

我有一个控制器、服务和 DAO 类，我使用 @Autowired 注解来调用服务和 DAO 层的方法。

当我使用 mockito 创建 JUnit 测试时，值会进入控制器，但不会从控制器进入服务类。

这是代码示例：

@WebAppConfiguration
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {AppplicationConfiguration.class})
public class ExternalControllerTest {


    private MockMvc mockMvc;


    @InjectMocks
    private MyController myController;


    @MockBean
    myService myService;


    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders
                .standaloneSetup(myController)

                .build();
    }


    @Test
    public void testListCluster() throws Exception {


        Input emrInput = new Input();
        emrInput.setId("200004773");
        emrInput.setName("test");

        String expected = "{\"status\":\"Success\",\"message\":\"Success\",\"data\":\"somevalue\"}";

        AutomateRestResponse response = new AutomateRestResponse<JsonObject>();

        response.setMessage("Success");
        response.setStatus("Success");
        response.setData("somevalue");
        Mockito.when(
                externalService.listCluster(emrInput)
        ).thenReturn(response);

        mockMvc.perform(post("/v1/gerData"))


                .andExpect(status().isOk())

                .andExpect(jsonPath("$.status", is("Success")));


        verify(externalService, times(1)).listCluster(emrInput);


        RequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders

                .post("/v4/listCluster")

                .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(emrInputJosn)

                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);


        MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(requestBuilder).andReturn();


        System.out.println("response body1" + result.getResponse()

                .getContentAsString());
    }`

请帮帮我。

Answer 1

从您的问题中不清楚您要模拟什么。

无论如何，您应该无法调试被模拟的服务/dao，因为在测试中实际执行的是模拟的而不是您的。

如果您想测试您的控制器，您可以模拟您的服务或 dao 并定义它们将返回的响应，然后验证您从控制器获得的响应是​​否符合您的预期。

Answer 2

@EnableWebMvc @SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = { "com.yourPackage.external" })

公共类 YourApplication 扩展 org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(applicationClass, args);
}

@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
    return application.sources(applicationClass);
}

private static Class<Application> applicationClass = Application.class;

}

Answer 3

根据您粘贴的内容，您可以执行以下操作：

1. 如果你使用@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) [最好改为@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)] 然后使用

   @MockBean private MyService externalService;

或

1. 使用@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class) 和

   @MockBean private MyService externalService;

@InjectMocks private MyController controller = new MyController(externalService);

查看详情：-testing web in spring boot

Answer 4

@WebAppConfiguration
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {AppplicationConfiguration.class})
public class ExternalControllerTest {


    private MockMvc mockMvc;


    @InjectMocks
    private MyController myController  ;



    @MockBean
    myService myService;



    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
          MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
            mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders
                    .standaloneSetup(myController)

                    .build();
    }


    @Test
    public void testListCluster() throws Exception {


Input emrInput = new Input();
emrInput.setId("200004773");
emrInput.setName("test");

String expected = "{\"status\":\"Success\",\"message\":\"Success\",\"data\":\"somevalue\"}";

AutomateRestResponse response =  new AutomateRestResponse<JsonObject>();

response.setMessage("Success");
response.setStatus("Success");
response.setData("somevalue");
Mockito.when(
        externalService.listCluster(emrInput)
                ).thenReturn(response);

mockMvc.perform(post("/v1/gerData"))


.andExpect(status().isOk())



.andExpect(jsonPath("$.status", is("Success")));



verify(externalService, times(1)).listCluster(emrInput);



RequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders

.post("/v4/listCluster")

.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(emrInputJosn)

.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);



MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(requestBuilder).andReturn();


System.out.println("response body1"+ result.getResponse()

.getContentAsString());
}
}