【发布时间】:2018-02-21 07:05:35
【问题描述】:
为什么给ldd可执行文件名时没有出现动态加载的库?这是真的吗?因为给定的时候找不到。 可能是因为动态加载和动态链接。
请帮助我解决这个问题,如果您需要更多详细信息,请告诉我。
输出如下。
ldd example6
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007ffe63369000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f56a2676000)
libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007f56a2372000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f56a1fa9000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f56a287a000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f56a1ca3000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007f56a1a8d000)
我只能看到 libdl.so...但我的可执行文件 example6 依赖于为某些测试而创建的 libtriangle.so。
如果您在没有 dlopen 命令的情况下访问共享库,我可以在可执行文件中找到 .so 详细信息,因为我觉得它是静态加载和动态链接。
程序结构
此处可执行,main 调用共享库 libtriangle.so。共享库,triangle.so 调用另一个共享库,man.so.. man.so 调用 pthread api
Makefile 出现在末尾p>
man.so 是使用 livingbeing.hpp,man.cpp 获得的,而 man.cpp 使用 pthread apis.man.so 依赖于 -lpthread
triangle.so 对 man.so 进行函数调用。 triangle.so 使用 dlopen,dlsym 命令访问共享库,man.so。
Executable,main 依赖于 triangle.so。主要访问 triangle.so 使用 dlopen,dlsym 函数。
ldconfig 也适用于 /usr/local/lib/MYDIR 中的 .so 文件
请找到以下文件。
livingbeing.hpp
#ifndef LIVINGBEING_HPP
#define LIVINGBEING_HPP
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class livingbeing {
protected:
double side_length_;
public:
livingbeing()
: side_length_(0) {}
virtual ~livingbeing() {}
void set_length(double side_length) {
side_length_ = side_length;
}
virtual void eat() = 0;
};
typedef livingbeing* get_instance_t();
typedef void destroy_instance_t(livingbeing*);
#endif
man.cpp
#include "livingbeing.hpp"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
void *print_message_function( void *ptr );
class man : public livingbeing {
public:
man()
{
cout<<"man constructor\n";
}
~man()
{
cout<<"man destructor\n";
}
virtual void eat() {
cout<<"man eating\n";
pthread_t thread1, thread2;
int iret1;
/* Create independent threads each of which will execute function */
iret1 = pthread_create( &thread1, NULL, print_message_function, (void*) NULL);
pthread_join( thread1, NULL);
}
};
void *print_message_function( void *ptr )
{
cout<<"hello thread1 created";
}
extern "C" livingbeing * get_instance()
{
return new man;
}
extern "C" void destroy_instance(livingbeing *lb)
{
delete lb;
}
三角形.cpp
#include "polygon.hpp"
#include "livingbeing.hpp"
#include <cmath>
#include <dlfcn.h>
//#include <iostream>
class triangle : public polygon {
public:
virtual double area() const {
// load the triangle library
void* man = dlopen("/usr/local/lib/ramu/libman.so", RTLD_LAZY);
if (!man) {
cerr << "Cannot load library: " << dlerror() << '\n';
return 1;
}
// reset errors
dlerror();
// load the symbols
get_instance_t* get_instance_man = (get_instance_t*) dlsym(man, "get_instance");
const char* dlsym_error = dlerror();
if (dlsym_error) {
cerr << "Cannot load symbol create: " << dlsym_error << '\n';
return 1;
}
destroy_instance_t* destroy_instance_man = (destroy_instance_t*) dlsym(man, "destroy_instance");
dlsym_error = dlerror();
if (dlsym_error) {
cerr << "Cannot load symbol destroy: " << dlsym_error << '\n';
return 1;
}
// create an instance of the class
livingbeing* living = get_instance_man();
// use the class
living->set_length(7);
cout << "The livingbeing is: ";
living->eat();
cout<<"\n";
// destroy the class
destroy_instance_man(living);
// unload the triangle library
dlclose(man);
return side_length_ * side_length_ * sqrt(3) / 2;
}
};
// the class factories
extern "C" polygon* create() {
return new triangle;
}
extern "C" void destroy(polygon* p) {
delete p;
}
main.cpp
#include "polygon.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <dlfcn.h>
int main() {
using std::cout;
using std::cerr;
// load the triangle library
// void* triangle = dlopen("./triangle.so", RTLD_LAZY);
void* triangle = dlopen("/usr/local/lib/rakesh/libtriangle.so", RTLD_LAZY);
if (!triangle) {
cerr << "Cannot load library: " << dlerror() << '\n';
return 1;
}
// reset errors
dlerror();
// load the symbols
create_t* create_triangle = (create_t*) dlsym(triangle, "create");
const char* dlsym_error = dlerror();
if (dlsym_error) {
cerr << "Cannot load symbol create: " << dlsym_error << '\n';
return 1;
}
destroy_t* destroy_triangle = (destroy_t*) dlsym(triangle, "destroy");
dlsym_error = dlerror();
if (dlsym_error) {
cerr << "Cannot load symbol destroy: " << dlsym_error << '\n';
return 1;
}
// create an instance of the class
polygon* poly = create_triangle();
// use the class
poly->set_side_length(7);
cout << "The area is: " << poly->area() << '\n';
// destroy the class
destroy_triangle(poly);
// unload the triangle library
dlclose(triangle);
制作文件
example6: main.cpp triangle
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) main.cpp -o example6 -L/usr/local/lib/roh -ltriangle -ldl
triangle: man triangle.cpp polygon.hpp
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -shared -fPIC triangle.cpp -o libtriangle.so
man: man.cpp livingbeing.hpp
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -shared -fPIC -o man.so man.cpp -lpthread
clean:
rm -f example6 *.so *.o
.PHONY: clean
【问题讨论】:
标签: c++ linux shared-libraries dynamic-loading ldd