Rails 3 教程上的语法错误意外 tANDOP答案

【问题标题】：Syntax Error unexpected tANDOP on rails 3 TutorialRails 3 教程上的语法错误意外 tANDOP
【发布时间】：2012-08-06 20:59:54
【问题描述】：

我认为我忽略了一些愚蠢的事情，但我正在关注 rails 3 教程，如果用户对未发表的文章发表评论，我会添加错误...所以在rails 控制台我尝试通过输入以下代码对“未发表”文章（草稿）创建评论

>> article = Article.draft.first
=> #<Article id: 7, title: "One-to-many associations",        ...> 
>> comment = article.comments.create :name => 'Dude', :email => 'dude@example.com', :body    => 'Great article!'

此时它说我应该得到以下信息：

=> #<Comment id: nil, article_id: 7, name: "Dude", email: "dude@example.com", body: "Great article!", created_at: nil, updated_at: nil> >> comment.errors.full_messages => ["Article is not published yet"]

但我收到以下错误：

语法错误：/Users/bbarton250/Sites/rails_projects/theoldman/app/models/comment.rb:11：语法错误，意外 tANDOP，期待 kEND && !article.published? ^ 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:469:in load' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:469:inload_file' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:639:in new_constants_in' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:468:inload_file' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:353:in require_or_load' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:502:inload_missing_constant' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:192:in const_missing' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:190:ineach' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:190:in const_missing' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:514:inload_missing_constant' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:192:in const_missing' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:190:ineach' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:190:in const_missing' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:218:inconstantize' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:217:in each' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:217:inconstantize' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:554:in get' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:588:inconstantize' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:111:in compute_type' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:109:ineach' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:109:in compute_type' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/reflection.rb:172:insend' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/reflection.rb:172:in klass' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb:148:intransaction' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb:431:in create_record' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb:119:increate' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb:46:in __send__' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb:46:increate'

这是我的评论模型：

class Comment < ActiveRecord::Base
  attr_accessible :body, :email, :name, :article_id

  belongs_to :article

  validates :name, :email, :body, :presence => true
  validates :article_should_be_published

  def article_should_be_published
    errors.add(:article_id, "is not published yet") if article 
&& !article.published?
  end
end

这是我的文章模型：

class Article < ActiveRecord::Base
  attr_accessible :body, :published_at, :title

  validates :title, :presence => true
  validates :body, :presence => true

  belongs_to :user
  has_and_belongs_to_many :categories
  has_many :comments

  scope :published, where("articles.published_at IS NOT NULL")
  scope :draft, where("articles.published_at IS NULL")
  # recent post from < a month ago - see pg 103 of tutorial
  # scope :recent, lambda { published.where("articles.published_at > ?", 1.month.ago.to_date)}
  scope :where_title, lambda { |term| where("articles.title LIKE ?", "%#{term}%") }

  def long_title
    "#{title} - #{published_at}"
  end

  def published?
    published_at.present?
  end
end

如果我需要提供其他任何东西，请告诉我...我感谢任何和所有帮助...非常感谢

更新：

遵循 iltempos 提示后...我现在收到以下验证错误...

ArgumentError：您需要提供至少一个验证来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activemodel-3.2.3/lib/active_model/validations/validates.rb:86:in validates' from /Users/bbarton250/Sites/rails_projects/theoldman/app/models/comment.rb:7 from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:469:inload' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:469:in load_file' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:639:innew_constants_in' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:468:in load_file' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:353:inrequire_or_load' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:502:in load_missing_constant' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:192:inconst_missing' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:190:in each' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:190:inconst_missing' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:514:in load_missing_constant' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:192:inconst_missing' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:190:in each' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:190:inconst_missing' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:218:in constantize' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:217:ineach' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:217:in constantize' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:554:inget' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:588:in constantize' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:111:incompute_type' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:109:in each' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:109:incompute_type' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/reflection.rb:172:in send' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/reflection.rb:172:inklass' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb:148:in transaction' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb:431:increate_record' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb:119:in create' from /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb:46:insend' 来自 /opt/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb:46:in `create'

【问题讨论】：

标签： ruby-on-rails ruby-on-rails-3 syntax-error

【解决方案1】：

看起来应该是换行符：

  def article_should_be_published
    errors.add(:article_id, "is not published yet") if article && !article.published?
  end

【讨论】：

感谢 iltempo...不过，我现在收到了新错误。我已经把它包括在上面了。关于这个“需要提供至少一个验证”错误的任何想法。
没关系 ilTempo...当我应该使用“validate:”时，我使用了“validates:”...谢谢帮助