【问题标题】:perfect-forwarding with template taking function-pointer使用模板获取函数指针的完美转发
【发布时间】:2016-04-23 19:33:54
【问题描述】:

我在this article 中找到了一些不错的属性模板。

我希望他们支持完美转发,但我不喜欢我目前的解决方案:

// a read-write property which invokes user-defined functions
template <class Type, class Object, const Type&(Object::*real_getter)() const, const Type&(Object::*real_setter)(const Type&), const Type&(Object::*real_mover)(Type&&) = nullptr>
class UnrestrictedProperty {
    Object* object;
public:
    UnrestrictedProperty(Object* owner_object = nullptr) : object(owner_object) {}

    // initializer to specify the owner
    void operator()(Object* owner_object) {
        this->object = owner_object;
    }

    // function call syntax
    const Type& operator()() const {
        return (object->*real_getter)();
    }
    const Type& operator()(const Type& value) {
        return (object->*real_setter)(value);
    }
    const Type& operator()(Type&& value) {
        if (real_mover) return (object->*real_mover)(std::forward<Type>(value));
        return (object->*real_setter)(value);
    }

    // get/set syntax
    const Type& get() const {
        return (object->*real_getter)();
    }
    const Type& set(const Type& value) {
        return (object->*real_setter)(value);
    }
    const Type& set(Type&& value) {
        if (real_mover) return (object->*real_mover)(std::forward<Type>(value));
        return (object->*real_setter)(value);
    }

    // access with '=' sign
    operator const Type&() const {
        return (object->*real_getter)();
    }
    const Type& operator=(const Type& value) {
        return (object->*real_setter)(value);
    }
    const Type& operator=(Type&& value) {
        if (real_mover) return (object->*real_mover)(std::forward<Type>(value));
        return (object->*real_setter)(value);
    }

    // comparators
    bool operator==(const Type& value) const {
        return get() == value;
    }
    bool operator!=(const Type& value) const {
        return not operator==(value);
    }

    // might be useful for template deductions
    typedef Type value_type;
};

// << operator for UnrestrictedProperty
template <class Type, class Object, const Type&(Object::*real_getter)() const, const Type&(Object::*real_setter)(const Type&), const Type&(Object::*real_mover)(Type&&)>
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& output, const UnrestrictedProperty<Type, Object, real_getter, real_setter, real_mover> unrestricted_property) {
    return (output << unrestricted_property.get());
}

用法:

// test type that logs constructor, destructor and assignment operator calls
struct TestType {

    TestType() { trace("[", this, "] constructor"); }
    ~TestType() { trace("[", this, "] destructor"); }

    TestType(const TestType& other) {
        trace("[", this, "] copy constructor copying ", other);
    }

    TestType& operator=(const TestType& other) {
        debug("[", this, "] copy assignment operator");
        TestType temporary(other);
        trace("[", this, "] swap data with ", temporary);
        return *this;
    }

    TestType& operator=(TestType&& other) {
        debug("[", this, "] move assignment operator");
        trace("[", this, "] swap data with ", other);
        return *this;
    }
};

// << operator for TestType
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& output, const TestType& value) {
    return (output << "[" << &value << "]");
}

// test object containing an UnrestrictedProperty with custom getter and setter methods
class TestObject {

    TestType internal_value;

    const TestType& get_value() const {
        return internal_value;
    }
    const TestType& set_value(const TestType& value) {
        return (internal_value = value);
    }
    const TestType& set_value(TestType&& value) {
        return (internal_value = std::move(value));
    }

public:

    // create an UnrestrictedProperty for a TestType value-type in the TestObject class
    UnrestrictedProperty<TestType, TestObject, &TestObject::get_value, &TestObject::set_value/*, &TestObject::set_value*/> value;
    // (the thrid (commented out) function pointer is the rvalue version of the setter)

    TestObject() {
        // tell the value property on which object instance it should call the getter and setter methods
        value(this);
    }

};

void test() {

    print("property test starts");
    {
        print("creating object");
        TestObject object;

        print("assigning object.value with rvalue");
        {
            object.value = TestType();
        }

        print("assigning object.value with lvalue");
        {
            TestType local = TestType();
            object.value = local;
        }

        print("leaving objects scope");
    }
    print("property test ends");

}

没有指定 rvalue-setter 的输出(注释掉):

[ ] 属性测试开始 [] 创建对象 [T] [0026F22C] 构造函数 [ ] 用右值分配 object.value [T] [0026F157] 构造函数 [D] [0026F22C] 复制赋值运算符 [T] [0026EF43] 复制构造函数复制 [0026F157] [T] [0026F22C] 与 [0026EF43] 交换数据 [T] [0026EF43] 析构函数 [T] [0026F157] 析构函数 [ ] 用左值分配 object.value [T] [0026F223] 构造函数 [D] [0026F22C] 复制赋值运算符 [T] [0026EF43] 复制构造函数复制 [0026F223] [T] [0026F22C] 与 [0026EF43] 交换数据 [T] [0026EF43] 析构函数 [T] [0026F223] 析构函数 [ ] 离开对象范围 [T] [0026F22C] 析构函数 [ ] 属性测试结束

具有指定 rvalue-setter 的输出:

[ ] 属性测试开始 [] 创建对象 [T] [0015F7EC] 构造函数 [ ] 用右值分配 object.value [T] [0015F717] 构造函数 [D] [0015F7EC] 移动赋值运算符 [T] [0015F7EC] 与 [0015F717] 交换数据 [T] [0015F717] 析构函数 [ ] 用左值分配 object.value [T] [0015F7E3] 构造函数 [D] [0015F7EC] 复制赋值运算符 [T] [0015F503] 复制构造函数复制 [0015F7E3] [T] [0015F7EC] 与 [0015F503] 交换数据 [T] [0015F503] 析构函数 [T] [0015F7E3] 析构函数 [ ] 离开对象范围 [T] [0015F7EC] 析构函数 [ ] 属性测试结束

所以……

它按预期工作,但我必须单独传递右值设置器的指针,并且每次传递右值时都必须检查它是否为空。

有什么建议吗?

【问题讨论】:

    标签: c++ templates function-pointers perfect-forwarding


    【解决方案1】:

    类型擦除向下分配给T类型的值的操作。叫它assign_to&lt;T&gt;

    让您期望的二传手采用该类型。

    这使该部分(r vs l)不再具有多个方法。类型橡皮擦有点工作,但它是一次写入。

    template<class T>
    struct assign_to {
      std::function<void(T&)> op;
      assign_to(T const & t):op([&t](T& dest){dest=t;}){}
      assign_to(T&& t):op([&t](T& dest){dest=std::move(t);}){}
      assign_to(assign_to&&)=default{}
      void write(T& t){ op(t); }
    };
    

    【讨论】:

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