为什么额外的 -I 标志（包括目录）会破坏编译？ （使用英特尔编译器）

Question

我安装了 Intel ComposerXE 2013 的试用版（包含 ICC 14.0.1 编译器）。我的测试程序如下：

#include <boost/graph/adjacency_list.hpp>
#include <iostream>

typedef boost::adjacency_list<boost::vecS, boost::vecS, boost::undirectedS> UndirectedGraph;

int main() {

  UndirectedGraph G(10);

return 0;  
}

我使用英特尔编译器标志编译代码如下

/home/intel/bin/icpc                                 //binary
   -L/home/intel/composerxe/lib/intel64              //lib path
   -I/home/intel/composerxe/include                  //include path for ICPC
   -I/home/boost_1_55_0                              //boost path
   -std=c++11 test.cpp                              //  c++11 flags 

对于 BOOST HASH.hpp 和 type_traits.hpp 文件，我收到以下错误

In file included from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/functional/hash/hash.hpp(540),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/functional/hash.hpp(6),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/unordered/unordered_set.hpp(20),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/unordered_set.hpp(16),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/graph/adjacency_list.hpp(21),
                 from test.cpp(1):
/home/boost_1_55_0/boost/functional/hash/extensions.hpp(67): error: "hash_value" is not a function or static data member
      std::size_t hash_value(std::complex<T> const&);
                  ^

In file included from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/functional/hash/hash.hpp(540),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/functional/hash.hpp(6),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/unordered/unordered_set.hpp(20),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/unordered_set.hpp(16),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/graph/adjacency_list.hpp(21),
                 from test.cpp(1):
/home/boost_1_55_0/boost/functional/hash/extensions.hpp(121): error: "hash_value" is not a function or static data member
      std::size_t hash_value(std::complex<T> const& v)
                  ^

In file included from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/functional/hash/hash.hpp(540),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/functional/hash.hpp(6),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/unordered/unordered_set.hpp(20),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/unordered_set.hpp(16),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/graph/adjacency_list.hpp(21),
                 from test.cpp(1):
/home/boost_1_55_0/boost/functional/hash/extensions.hpp(277): warning #12: parsing restarts here after previous syntax error
      };
       ^

In file included from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/type_traits.hpp(49),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/pending/property.hpp(13),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/graph/graph_traits.hpp(27),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/graph/adjacency_list.hpp(33),
                 from test.cpp(1):
/home/boost_1_55_0/boost/type_traits/is_complex.hpp(23): error #303: explicit type is missing ("int" assumed)
     is_convertible_from_tester(const std::complex<T>&);
                                      ^

In file included from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/type_traits.hpp(49),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/pending/property.hpp(13),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/graph/graph_traits.hpp(27),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/graph/adjacency_list.hpp(33),
                 from test.cpp(1):
/home/boost_1_55_0/boost/type_traits/is_complex.hpp(23): error: qualified name is not allowed
     is_convertible_from_tester(const std::complex<T>&);
                                      ^

In file included from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/type_traits.hpp(49),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/pending/property.hpp(13),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/graph/graph_traits.hpp(27),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/graph/adjacency_list.hpp(33),
                 from test.cpp(1):
/home/boost_1_55_0/boost/type_traits/is_complex.hpp(23): error: expected a ")"
     is_convertible_from_tester(const std::complex<T>&);
                                                  ^

In file included from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/type_traits.hpp(49),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/pending/property.hpp(13),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/graph/graph_traits.hpp(27),
                 from /home/boost_1_55_0/boost/graph/adjacency_list.hpp(33),
                 from test.cpp(1):
/home/boost_1_55_0/boost/type_traits/is_complex.hpp(22): warning #488: template parameter "T" is not used in declaring the parameter types of function template "boost::detail::is_convertible_from_tester::is_convertible_from_tester"
     template <class T>
                     ^

现在我在没有 ICPC INCLUDE PATH 的情况下使用它进行编译

/home/intel/bin/icpc                                 //binary
   -L/home/intel/composerxe/lib/intel64              //lib path
                  //removed the ICPC INCLUDE PATH HERE 
   -I/home/boost_1_55_0                              //boost path
   -std=c++11 test.cpp                               // c++11 flags 

这编译得很好，零错误

为什么会这样？

我的 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 和 PATH 变量为空。没有设置路径的 GCC 或任何其他编译器。我在编译过程中给出了所有的路径。

Answer 1

可能给定目录中的某个文件与其他文件同名，当它被#included时，编译将失败或成功取决于选择这两个同名文件的哪个文件。

要验证是否是这种情况，请使用选项-H 编译这两种情况，它将列出所有包含的文件，并比较输出。

要在不删除目录的情况下解决问题，请将其移至命令行末尾：

/home/intel/bin/icpc                                 //binary
   -L/home/intel/composerxe/lib/intel64              //lib path
   -I/home/boost_1_55_0                              //boost path
   -I/home/intel/composerxe/include                  //include path for ICPC
   -std=c++11 test.cpp                              //  c++11 flags