【问题标题】:Implement Byte serving for Spring Boot为 Spring Boot 实现字节服务
【发布时间】:2021-04-06 01:52:50
【问题描述】:

我想使用 Spring Boot Rest API 在 Angular 中实现视频播放器。我可以播放视频,但我无法进行视频搜索。每次我使用 Chrome 或 Edge 时,视频都会一遍又一遍地播放。

我试过这个端点:

@RequestMapping(value = "/play_video/{video_id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody public ResponseEntity<byte[]> getPreview1(@PathVariable("video_id") String video_id, HttpServletResponse response) {
        ResponseEntity<byte[]> result = null;
        try {
            String file = "/opt/videos/" + video_id + ".mp4";
            Path path = Paths.get(file);
            byte[] image = Files.readAllBytes(path);

            response.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
            HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
            headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
            headers.setContentLength(image.length);
            result = new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(image, headers, HttpStatus.OK);
        } catch (java.nio.file.NoSuchFileException e) {
            response.setStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            response.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
        }
        return result;
    }

我发现这篇文章提供了一些想法:How to Implement HTTP byte-range requests in Spring MVC

但目前它不起作用。当我尝试移动位置时,视频再次从头开始播放。

我用这个播放器:https://github.com/smnbbrv/ngx-plyr

我是这样配置的:

<div class="media">
        <div
          class="class-video mr-3 mb-1"
          plyr
          [plyrPlaysInline]="true"
          [plyrSources]="gymClass.video"
          (plyrInit)="player = $event"
          (plyrPlay)="played($event)">
        </div>
        <div class="media-body">
          {{ gymClass.description }}
        </div>
      </div>

你知道我该如何解决这个问题吗?

【问题讨论】:

  • 角码是什么样子的?

标签: java angular spring spring-boot spring-mvc


【解决方案1】:

第一个解决方案:使用FileSystemResource

FileSystemResource 在内部处理字节范围标头支持,读取和写入适当的标头。

这种方法有两个问题。

  1. 它在内部使用FileInputStream 来读取文件。这适用于小文件,但不适用于通过字节范围请求提供的大文件。 FileInputStream 将从头开始读取文件并丢弃不需要的内容,直到它重新达到请求的起始偏移量。这可能会导致文件较大时速度变慢。

  2. 它将"application/json" 设置为"Content-Type" 响应标头。所以,我提供了我自己的 "Content-Type" 标头。 See this thread

import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class Stream3 {
    @GetMapping(value = "/play_video/{video_id}")
    @ResponseBody
    public ResponseEntity<FileSystemResource> stream(@PathVariable("video_id") String video_id) {
        String filePathString = "/opt/videos/" + video_id + ".mp4";        
        final HttpHeaders responseHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
        responseHeaders.add("Content-Type", "video/mp4");
        return new ResponseEntity<>(new FileSystemResource(filePathString), responseHeaders, HttpStatus.OK);
    }
}

第二种解决方案:使用HttpServletResponseRandomAccessFile

使用RandomAccessFile,您可以实现对字节范围请求的支持。与FileInputStream 相比的优势在于,您无需在每次有新的范围请求时从头开始读取文件,这使得该方法也可用于较大的文件。 RandomAccessFile 有一个名为 seek(long) 的方法,它调用 C 方法 fseek(),它直接将文件的指针移动到请求的偏移量。

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestHeader;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class Stream {
    @GetMapping(value = "/play_video/{video_id}")
    @ResponseBody
    public void stream(        
            @PathVariable("video_id") String video_id,
            @RequestHeader(value = "Range", required = false) String rangeHeader,
            HttpServletResponse response) {

        try {
            OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
            long rangeStart = 0;
            long rangeEnd;
            String filePathString = "/opt/videos/" + video_id + ".mp4";
            Path filePath = Paths.get(filePathString);
            Long fileSize = Files.size(filePath);
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile(filePathString, "r");
            try (file) {
                if (rangeHeader == null) {
                    response.setHeader("Content-Type", "video/mp4");
                    response.setHeader("Content-Length", fileSize.toString());
                    response.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
                    long pos = rangeStart;
                    file.seek(pos);
                    while (pos < fileSize - 1) {                        
                        file.read(buffer);
                        os.write(buffer);
                        pos += buffer.length;
                    }
                    os.flush();
                    return;
                }

                String[] ranges = rangeHeader.split("-");
                rangeStart = Long.parseLong(ranges[0].substring(6));
                if (ranges.length > 1) {
                    rangeEnd = Long.parseLong(ranges[1]);
                } else {
                    rangeEnd = fileSize - 1;
                }
                if (fileSize < rangeEnd) {
                    rangeEnd = fileSize - 1;
                }

                String contentLength = String.valueOf((rangeEnd - rangeStart) + 1);
                response.setHeader("Content-Type", "video/mp4");
                response.setHeader("Content-Length", contentLength);
                response.setHeader("Accept-Ranges", "bytes");
                response.setHeader("Content-Range", "bytes" + " " + rangeStart + "-" + rangeEnd + "/" + fileSize);
                response.setStatus(HttpStatus.PARTIAL_CONTENT.value());
                long pos = rangeStart;
                file.seek(pos);
                while (pos < rangeEnd) {                    
                    file.read(buffer);
                    os.write(buffer);
                    pos += buffer.length;
                }
                os.flush();

            }

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            response.setStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            response.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
        }

    }

}

第三种解决方案:同样使用RandomAccessFile,但使用StreamingResponseBody而不是HttpServletResponse

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestHeader;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.StreamingResponseBody;

@Controller
public class Stream2 {
    @GetMapping(value = "/play_video/{video_id}")
    @ResponseBody
    public ResponseEntity<StreamingResponseBody> stream(
            @PathVariable("video_id") String video_id,
            @RequestHeader(value = "Range", required = false) String rangeHeader) {        
        try {
            StreamingResponseBody responseStream;
            String filePathString = "/opt/videos/" + video_id + ".mp4";
            Path filePath = Paths.get(filePathString);
            Long fileSize = Files.size(filePath);
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];      
            final HttpHeaders responseHeaders = new HttpHeaders();

            if (rangeHeader == null) {
                responseHeaders.add("Content-Type", "video/mp4");
                responseHeaders.add("Content-Length", fileSize.toString());
                responseStream = os -> {
                    RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile(filePathString, "r");
                    try (file) {
                        long pos = 0;
                        file.seek(pos);
                        while (pos < fileSize - 1) {                            
                            file.read(buffer);
                            os.write(buffer);
                            pos += buffer.length;
                        }
                        os.flush();
                    } catch (Exception e) {}
                };
                return new ResponseEntity<>(responseStream, responseHeaders, HttpStatus.OK);
            }

            String[] ranges = rangeHeader.split("-");
            Long rangeStart = Long.parseLong(ranges[0].substring(6));
            Long rangeEnd;
            if (ranges.length > 1) {
                rangeEnd = Long.parseLong(ranges[1]);
            } else {
                rangeEnd = fileSize - 1;
            }
            if (fileSize < rangeEnd) {
                rangeEnd = fileSize - 1;
            }

            String contentLength = String.valueOf((rangeEnd - rangeStart) + 1);
            responseHeaders.add("Content-Type", "video/mp4");
            responseHeaders.add("Content-Length", contentLength);
            responseHeaders.add("Accept-Ranges", "bytes");
            responseHeaders.add("Content-Range", "bytes" + " " + rangeStart + "-" + rangeEnd + "/" + fileSize);
            final Long _rangeEnd = rangeEnd;
            responseStream = os -> {
                RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile(filePathString, "r");
                try (file) {
                    long pos = rangeStart;
                    file.seek(pos);
                    while (pos < _rangeEnd) {                        
                        file.read(buffer);
                        os.write(buffer);
                        pos += buffer.length;
                    }
                    os.flush();
                } catch (Exception e) {}
            };
            return new ResponseEntity<>(responseStream, responseHeaders, HttpStatus.PARTIAL_CONTENT);

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
        }
    }
}

在您的 component.ts 中:

您可以使用 playVideoFile() 更改当前显示的视频

export class AppComponent implements OnInit {
  videoSources: Plyr.Source[];
  ngOnInit(): void {
    const fileName = 'sample';
    this.playVideoFile(fileName);
  }

  playVideoFile(fileName: string) {
    this.videoSources = [
      {
        src: `http://localhost:8080/play_video/${fileName}`,
      },
    ];
  }
}

还有html:

<div
  #plyr
  plyr
  [plyrPlaysInline]="false"
  [plyrSources]="videoSources"
></div>

【讨论】:

  • 我更新了我的答案。我查了一下,三个java控制器都在工作,我也可以跳过视频。
  • 如果我们有数百个客户端,哪一种解决方案会消耗更少的资源?
  • 2.或 3. 您还可以查看 spring 反应式。 Spring 反应式允许您以异步方式处理函数执行。这种方法适用于AsynchronousFileChannel,它使用本机函数readFile(long handle, long address, int len, long offset, long overlapped)。这里的偏移量是正在读取的文件中的位置。 FileInputStream 不是这种情况,它使用readBytes(byte b[], int off, int len),其中偏移量是目标缓冲区中的位置。
  • 在 azure-core 中已经有一个桥接反应器(spring 反应使用的反应库)和AsynchronousFileChannel 的实现。所以如果你想这样做,你可以在这里找到文档azuresdkdocs.blob.core.windows.net/$web/java/azure-core/1.1.0/…
【解决方案2】:

如果您在 Chrome 中使用 &lt;video /&gt; 元素,则仅当端点通过使用 Range header 响应请求并以 206 Partial Content 响应响应来实现部分内容请求时,搜索才有效。

【讨论】:

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