Spring Boot - 加密 JSON 数据

Question

在我们的应用程序中，我们必须为每个请求和响应加密/解密 Json 属性值（不是属性名称）。 例如，
{"userName":"encrypted value", "email":"encrypted value"}

我们使用 Sprint 启动 1.3，我们使用 @RequestBody 和 @ResponseBody 注释将请求 json 与对象绑定并将响应对象序列化为 JSON。

我们不想在我们的每个控制器方法中调用加密/解密方法。有什么方法可以指示 sprint 在与请求对象绑定之前解密 json 值？同样，在将响应对象字段值转换为 json 之前对其进行加密？或者自定义 Jackson 对我们有帮助吗？

谢谢！

Answer 1

您可以编写自己的 http 消息转换器。由于您使用的是 Spring Boot，这将非常简单：只需从 AbstractHttpMessageConverter 扩展您的自定义转换器并使用 @Component 注释标记该类。

来自spring docs：

您可以通过在 Spring Boot 上下文中简单地添加该类型的 bean 来贡献额外的转换器。如果您添加的 bean 属于默认包含的类型（例如用于 JSON 转换的 MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter），那么它将替换默认值。

这是一个简单的例子：

@Component
public class Converter extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter<Object> {

    public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("UTF-8");

    @Inject
    private ObjectMapper objectMapper;

    public Converter(){
        super(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8,
            new MediaType("application", "*+json", DEFAULT_CHARSET));
    }

    @Override
    protected boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    protected Object readInternal(Class<? extends Object> clazz,
                                  HttpInputMessage inputMessage) throws IOException, HttpMessageNotReadableException {
        return objectMapper.readValue(decrypt(inputMessage.getBody()), clazz);
    }

    @Override
    protected void writeInternal(Object o, HttpOutputMessage outputMessage) throws IOException, HttpMessageNotWritableException {
        outputMessage.getBody().write(encrypt(objectMapper.writeValueAsBytes(o)));
    }

    private InputStream decrypt(InputStream inputStream){
        // do your decryption here 
        return inputStream;
    }

    private byte[] encrypt(byte[] bytesToEncrypt){
        // do your encryption here 
        return bytesToEncrypt;
    }
}

Answer 2

好的，所以我使用了@eparvan 的答案并做了一些修改。

1. 创建一个组件来加密 JSON 响应并解密来自前端的请求参数。

我在类似这样的“数据”对象中以​​加密格式获取请求参数，并以相同的方式发送加密响应数据对象。

参考响应： {"数据":"requestOrResponseInEncryptedUsingPrivateKey"}

    @Component
    public class Converter extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter<Object> {

        private static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = StandardCharsets.UTF_8;

        @Autowired
        private ObjectMapper objectMapper;

        public Converter() {
            super(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON,
                    new MediaType("application", "*+json", DEFAULT_CHARSET));
        }

        @Override
        protected boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        protected Object readInternal(Class<? extends Object> clazz,
                                      HttpInputMessage inputMessage) throws IOException, HttpMessageNotReadableException {
            return objectMapper.readValue(decrypt(inputMessage.getBody()), clazz);
        }

        @Override
        protected void writeInternal(Object o, HttpOutputMessage outputMessage) throws IOException, HttpMessageNotWritableException {
            outputMessage.getBody().write(encrypt(objectMapper.writeValueAsBytes(o)));
        }

        /**
         * requests params of any API
         *
         * @param inputStream inputStream
         * @return inputStream
         */
        private InputStream decrypt(InputStream inputStream) {
            //this is API request params
            StringBuilder requestParamString = new StringBuilder();
            try (Reader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader
                    (inputStream, Charset.forName(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name())))) {
                int c;
                while ((c = reader.read()) != -1) {
                    requestParamString.append((char) c);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            try {
                //replacing /n if available in request param json string

                //reference request: {"data":"thisisencryptedstringwithexpirytime"}

                JSONObject requestJsonObject = new
                        JSONObject(requestParamString.toString().replace("\n", ""));

                String decryptRequestString = EncryptDecrypt.decrypt(requestJsonObject.getString("data"));
                System.out.println("decryptRequestString: " + decryptRequestString);

                if (decryptRequestString != null) {
return new ByteArrayInputStream(decryptRequestString.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
                } else {
                    return inputStream;
                }
            } catch (JSONException err) {
                Log.d("Error", err.toString());
                return inputStream;
            }
        }

        /**
         * response of API
         *
         * @param bytesToEncrypt byte array of response
         * @return byte array of response
         */
        private byte[] encrypt(byte[] bytesToEncrypt) {
            // do your encryption here
            String apiJsonResponse = new String(bytesToEncrypt);

            String encryptedString = EncryptDecrypt.encrypt(apiJsonResponse);
            if (encryptedString != null) {
                //sending encoded json response in data object as follows

                //reference response: {"data":"thisisencryptedstringresponse"}

                Map<String, String> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
                hashMap.put("data", encryptedString);
                JSONObject jsob = new JSONObject(hashMap);
                return jsob.toString().getBytes();
            } else
                return bytesToEncrypt;
        }
    }

1. 这是我的 EncryptDecrypt 类，其中正在进行加密和解密

   class EncryptDecrypt {
   
       static String encrypt(String value) {
           try {
               IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(Constants.Encryption.INIT_VECTOR.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
               SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new
                       SecretKeySpec("PRIVATE_KEY_FOR_ENCRYPTION_OR_DECRYPTION"
                       .getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "AES");
   
               Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
               cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);
   
               byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(value.getBytes());
               byte[] original = Base64.getEncoder().encode(encrypted);
               return new String(original);
           } catch (Exception ex) {
               ex.printStackTrace();
           }
           return null;
       }
   
       static String decrypt(String encrypted) {
           try {
               IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(Constants.Encryption.INIT_VECTOR
                       .getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
               SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec("PRIVATE_KEY_FOR_ENCRYPTION_OR_DECRYPTION".
                       getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "AES");
   
               Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5PADDING");
               cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);
               byte[] original = cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(encrypted));
               return new String(original);
           } catch (Exception ex) {
               ex.printStackTrace();
           }
   
           return null;
       }
   

   }

你就完成了！