无法从 persistence.xml 创建连接

【问题标题】：Cannot create connection from persistence.xml无法从 persistence.xml 创建连接
【发布时间】：2014-11-18 14:42:41
【问题描述】：

我正在使用 CDI、带有 PrimeFaces 5.0 的 JSF 2.1 和通过 Hibernate JPA 管理的 PostgreSQL 数据库开发一个基本的 CRUD 应用程序。这是我的 pom.xml 文件（我使用 Eclipse 创建了一个 CDI 项目，然后添加了 pom.xml）：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>capacrm2</groupId>
    <artifactId>capacrm2</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <build>
        <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.6</source>
                    <target>1.6</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <warSourceDirectory>WebContent</warSourceDirectory>
                    <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.primefaces</groupId>
            <artifactId>primefaces</artifactId>
            <version>5.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.primefaces.themes</groupId>
            <artifactId>all-themes</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.faces</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.faces-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <version>9.3-1102-jdbc41</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.1-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.7.Final</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

然后，我的 persistence.xml 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.0"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">
    <persistence-unit name="crmPU">
        <!-- <jta-data-source>java:jboss/datasources/Spring_DB</jta-data-source> -->
        <!-- -->
        <provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider> 

        <properties>
            <!-- Properties for Hibernate -->
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="false" />
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect" />
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" />
            <property name="hibernate.default_schema" value="public" />
            <property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class" value="org.hibernate.cache.EHCacheProvider" />

            <!-- Hibernate parameters
            <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.postgresql.Driver" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/springdb" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="springusr" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="springusr" /> 
            -->
            <!-- JPA parameters -->
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="org.postgresql.Driver" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/springdb" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="springusr" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="springusr" />

        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

我已经毫无问题地使用了容器的数据源（JBoss 7.1），正如您在我的 persistence.xml（java:jboss/datasources/Spring_DB 行）中所见，我知道生产环境最好使用容器的连接池，但是现在我想在 persistence.xml 中配置连接，但是我尝试了不同的方法但没有成功。

使用 hibernate 参数或 javax.persistence 参数我收到此错误：

08:38:20,858 ERROR [org.jboss.msc.service.fail] (MSC service thread 1-2) MSC00001: Failed to start service jboss.deployment.unit."capacrm2.war".INSTALL: org.jboss.msc.service.StartException in service jboss.deployment.unit."capacrm2.war".INSTALL: Failed to process phase INSTALL of deployment "capacrm2.war"
    at org.jboss.as.server.deployment.DeploymentUnitPhaseService.start(DeploymentUnitPhaseService.java:119) [jboss-as-server-7.1.1.Final.jar:7.1.1.Final]
    at org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceControllerImpl$StartTask.startService(ServiceControllerImpl.java:1811) [jboss-msc-1.0.2.GA.jar:1.0.2.GA]
    at org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceControllerImpl$StartTask.run(ServiceControllerImpl.java:1746) [jboss-msc-1.0.2.GA.jar:1.0.2.GA]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
Caused by: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: JBAS011466: PersistenceProvider 'org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider' not found
    at org.jboss.as.jpa.processor.PersistenceUnitDeploymentProcessor.lookupProvider(PersistenceUnitDeploymentProcessor.java:555)
    at org.jboss.as.jpa.processor.PersistenceUnitDeploymentProcessor.deployPersistenceUnit(PersistenceUnitDeploymentProcessor.java:295)
    at org.jboss.as.jpa.processor.PersistenceUnitDeploymentProcessor.addPuService(PersistenceUnitDeploymentProcessor.java:258)
    at org.jboss.as.jpa.processor.PersistenceUnitDeploymentProcessor.handleWarDeployment(PersistenceUnitDeploymentProcessor.java:194)
    at org.jboss.as.jpa.processor.PersistenceUnitDeploymentProcessor.deploy(PersistenceUnitDeploymentProcessor.java:118)
    at org.jboss.as.server.deployment.DeploymentUnitPhaseService.start(DeploymentUnitPhaseService.java:113) [jboss-as-server-7.1.1.Final.jar:7.1.1.Final]
    ... 5 more

如果我删除持久性提供程序（使用休眠参数），我会得到：

08:39:57,743 INFO  [org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [
    name: crmPU
    ...]
08:39:57,806 INFO  [org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000402: Using Hibernate built-in connection pool (not for production use!)
08:39:57,806 INFO  [org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000115: Hibernate connection pool size: 20
08:39:57,806 INFO  [org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000006: Autocommit mode: true
08:39:57,806 INFO  [org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000401: using driver [org.postgresql.Driver] at URL [jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/springdb]
08:39:57,806 INFO  [org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000046: Connection properties: {user=springusr, password=****, autocommit=true, release_mode=auto}
08:39:57,822 WARN  [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000342: Could not obtain connection to query metadata : No suitable driver found for jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/springdb
08:39:57,833 INFO  [org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect
08:39:57,833 INFO  [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.LobCreatorBuilder] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000422: Disabling contextual LOB creation as connection was null
08:39:57,833 INFO  [org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionFactoryInitiator] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000268: Transaction strategy: org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.jta.CMTTransactionFactory
08:39:57,849 INFO  [org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
08:39:57,958 INFO  [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update
08:39:57,958 INFO  [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000102: Fetching database metadata
08:39:57,958 ERROR [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000319: Could not get database metadata: java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found for jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/springdb
    at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:596) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
    at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:187) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
    at org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl.getConnection(DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl.java:173) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SuppliedConnectionProviderConnectionHelper.prepare(SuppliedConnectionProviderConnectionHelper.java:51) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate.execute(SchemaUpdate.java:194) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate.execute(SchemaUpdate.java:178) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:457) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1737) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.ejb.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.<init>(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:84) [hibernate-entitymanager-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:904) [hibernate-entitymanager-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:889) [hibernate-entitymanager-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistence.java:73) [hibernate-entitymanager-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.jboss.as.jpa.service.PersistenceUnitServiceImpl.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceUnitServiceImpl.java:162) [jboss-as-jpa-7.1.1.Final.jar:7.1.1.Final]
    at org.jboss.as.jpa.service.PersistenceUnitServiceImpl.start(PersistenceUnitServiceImpl.java:85) [jboss-as-jpa-7.1.1.Final.jar:7.1.1.Final]
    at org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceControllerImpl$StartTask.startService(ServiceControllerImpl.java:1811)
    at org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceControllerImpl$StartTask.run(ServiceControllerImpl.java:1746)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]

08:39:57,974 ERROR [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000299: Could not complete schema update: java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found for jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/springdb
    at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:596) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
    at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:187) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
    at org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl.getConnection(DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl.java:173) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SuppliedConnectionProviderConnectionHelper.prepare(SuppliedConnectionProviderConnectionHelper.java:51) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate.execute(SchemaUpdate.java:194) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate.execute(SchemaUpdate.java:178) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:457) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1737) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.ejb.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.<init>(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:84) [hibernate-entitymanager-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:904) [hibernate-entitymanager-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:889) [hibernate-entitymanager-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistence.java:73) [hibernate-entitymanager-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.jboss.as.jpa.service.PersistenceUnitServiceImpl.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceUnitServiceImpl.java:162) [jboss-as-jpa-7.1.1.Final.jar:7.1.1.Final]
    at org.jboss.as.jpa.service.PersistenceUnitServiceImpl.start(PersistenceUnitServiceImpl.java:85) [jboss-as-jpa-7.1.1.Final.jar:7.1.1.Final]
    at org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceControllerImpl$StartTask.startService(ServiceControllerImpl.java:1811)
    at org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceControllerImpl$StartTask.run(ServiceControllerImpl.java:1746)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]

但是如果我切换到 javax.persistence 参数（总是没有持久性提供程序）我会得到这个：

08:41:24,386 INFO  [org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [
    name: crmPU
    ...]
08:41:24,449 WARN  [org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.ConnectionProviderInitiator] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000181: No appropriate connection provider encountered, assuming application will be supplying connections
08:41:24,464 INFO  [org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect
08:41:24,464 INFO  [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.LobCreatorBuilder] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000422: Disabling contextual LOB creation as connection was null
08:41:24,480 INFO  [org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionFactoryInitiator] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000268: Transaction strategy: org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.jta.CMTTransactionFactory
08:41:24,480 INFO  [org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
08:41:24,589 INFO  [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update
08:41:24,589 INFO  [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000102: Fetching database metadata
08:41:24,589 ERROR [org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate] (MSC service thread 1-4) HHH000299: Could not complete schema update: java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: The application must supply JDBC connections
    at org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.UserSuppliedConnectionProviderImpl.getConnection(UserSuppliedConnectionProviderImpl.java:62) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SuppliedConnectionProviderConnectionHelper.prepare(SuppliedConnectionProviderConnectionHelper.java:51) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate.execute(SchemaUpdate.java:194) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate.execute(SchemaUpdate.java:178) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:457) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1737) [hibernate-core-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.ejb.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.<init>(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:84) [hibernate-entitymanager-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:904) [hibernate-entitymanager-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:889) [hibernate-entitymanager-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistence.java:73) [hibernate-entitymanager-4.0.1.Final.jar:4.0.1.Final]
    at org.jboss.as.jpa.service.PersistenceUnitServiceImpl.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceUnitServiceImpl.java:162) [jboss-as-jpa-7.1.1.Final.jar:7.1.1.Final]
    at org.jboss.as.jpa.service.PersistenceUnitServiceImpl.start(PersistenceUnitServiceImpl.java:85) [jboss-as-jpa-7.1.1.Final.jar:7.1.1.Final]
    at org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceControllerImpl$StartTask.startService(ServiceControllerImpl.java:1811)
    at org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceControllerImpl$StartTask.run(ServiceControllerImpl.java:1746)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [rt.jar:1.7.0_65]

所以，我尝试了不同的组合但没有成功。可能是什么？

【问题讨论】：

  • 不清楚您要做什么。您要部署到 JBoss AS/WildFly 吗？如果是这样，在应用程序级别复制容器的任务有什么意义？ POM 中的 Hibernate 和 postgres 依赖项应该是 provided。 JDBC 驱动程序应部署为 JAR 或作为模块安装。
  • 嗨@hwellmann。我正在 Windows 上部署到 JBoss 7.1.1。正如您在我的 pom.xml （第一个代码块）中看到的那样，它具有 postgresql jdbc 驱动程序依赖项（9.3-1102-jdbc41）和休眠实体管理器（4.3.7 最终版）（我不知道我是否缺少除了那）。问候。
  • 嗯，你确定它不是依赖问题，并且所有库都是正确的吗？尝试使用与 JPA v.1.0 或 1.1 兼容的旧版本 hibernate（例如 3.5.6）并检查堆栈跟踪。
  • 您是否在 EAP 中部署了 postgres 驱动程序？

标签： hibernate jpa persistence cdi


【解决方案1】：

您正在将应用程序部署到使用 JTA 的 JBoss 中，并且它已经提供了 XA DataSource。

您不应该使用“hibernate.connection.driver_class”，因为这仅适用于简单的开发用例（从不用于生产部署）。

如果您将简单的 Web 应用程序部署到 Web 容器（例如 Tomcat）中，那么您将需要一个本地资源数据源和专业的connection pooling solution（例如 HickariCP、DBCP2、BoneCP、 C3P0)。

但是您正在企业应用程序服务器中运行企业应用程序。这些应用程序服务器支持 JTA，因此您应该使用应用程序服务器提供的 JTA 数据源。这样您也可以从 JTA 事务管理器中受益。

所以按照 JBoss 的喜好切换回 JTA 事务：

<persistence-unit name="crmPU" transaction-type="JTA">
    <jta-data-source>java:jboss/datasources/Spring_DB</jta-data-source>

至于持久化提供者，你可以试试这个设置：

<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>

您可能还想添加与 Hibernate 事务相关的属性：

hibernate.transaction.factory_class=org.hibernate.transaction.JTATransactionFactory hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class=org.hibernate.transaction.JBossTransactionManagerLookup jta.UserTransaction=java:jboss/datasources/Spring_DB

【讨论】：

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