Jquery Ajax 和 WCF Web 服务的噩梦

Question

我创建了一个 WCF Webservice 方法，它接收两个参数，字符串，并返回一个 XmlElement。

我有一个 ASP.NET 页面，其中包含对该方法的 JQuery AJAX 调用。它不起作用，在线文档让我越来越困惑。要记住的一些方面是，现在我们将参数作为 url 编码发送。

此时我不介意将整个内容转换为 JSON。我只需要让它工作。

当我使用 WCF 测试客户端 (Visual Studio 2010) 时，我的 Web 服务运行良好。但我就是无法让 JQuery AJAX 与之对话。我收到错误请求错误。

如果您需要更多详细信息，请随时询问。

这是我的网络服务 WSDL：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<wsdl:definitions xmlns:wsam="http://www.w3.org/2007/05/addressing/metadata"
      xmlns:wsx="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/mex"
      xmlns:wsa10="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing" 
      xmlns:msc="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/12/wsdl/contract" 
      xmlns:wsaw="http://www.w3.org/2006/05/addressing/wsdl" 
      xmlns:wsap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/policy" 
      xmlns:wsp="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/policy" 
      xmlns:wsa="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing"
      xmlns:tns="http://tempuri.org/" 
      xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/"
      xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
      xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" 
      xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
      xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" 
      xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" 
      targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/" 
      name="AddressVerification">
  <wsdl:types>
    <xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/Imports">
      <xsd:import namespace="http://tempuri.org/" 
           schemaLocation="http://localhost:16859/AddressVerification.svc?xsd=xsd0"/>
      <xsd:import namespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/" 
           schemaLocation="http://localhost:16859/AddressVerification.svc?xsd=xsd1"/>
    </xsd:schema>
  </wsdl:types>
  <wsdl:message name="IAddressVerification_DoWork_InputMessage">
    <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:DoWork"/>
  </wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="IAddressVerification_DoWork_OutputMessage">
    <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:DoWorkResponse"/>
  </wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="IAddressVerification_VerifyAddress_InputMessage">
    <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:VerifyAddress"/>
  </wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="IAddressVerification_VerifyAddress_OutputMessage">
    <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:VerifyAddressResponse"/>
  </wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:portType name="IAddressVerification">
    <wsdl:operation name="DoWork">
      <wsdl:input message="tns:IAddressVerification_DoWork_InputMessage" 
            wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IAddressVerification/DoWork"/>
      <wsdl:output message="tns:IAddressVerification_DoWork_OutputMessage" 
            wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IAddressVerification/DoWorkResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="VerifyAddress">
      <wsdl:input message="tns:IAddressVerification_VerifyAddress_InputMessage" 
            wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IAddressVerification/VerifyAddress"/>
      <wsdl:output message="tns:IAddressVerification_VerifyAddress_OutputMessage"
            wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IAddressVerification/VerifyAddressResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
  </wsdl:portType>
  <wsdl:binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IAddressVerification" 
        type="tns:IAddressVerification">
    <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
    <wsdl:operation name="DoWork">
      <soap:operation style="document" 
            soapAction="http://tempuri.org/IAddressVerification/DoWork"/>
      <wsdl:input>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="VerifyAddress">
      <soap:operation style="document" 
            soapAction="http://tempuri.org/IAddressVerification/VerifyAddress"/>
      <wsdl:input>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
  </wsdl:binding>
  <wsdl:service name="AddressVerification">
    <wsdl:port name="BasicHttpBinding_IAddressVerification" 
          binding="tns:BasicHttpBinding_IAddressVerification">
      <soap:address location="http://localhost:16859/AddressVerification.svc"/>
    </wsdl:port>
  </wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>

这是我的 JQuery：

$(document).ready(function () {

    $("#btnSubmit").click(function (e) {
        e.preventDefault();
        var address1 = $("#txtAddress1").val();
        var address2 = $("#txtAddress2").val();
        var city = $("#txtCity").val();
        var state = $("#txtState").val();
        var zipcode = $("#txtZipcode").val();

        var dataToSend = "address=" + address1 + "&city=" + city + "&state=" + state + "&zip=" + zipcode;

        $.ajax(
        {
            method: "POST",
            url: "http://localhost:16859/AddressVerification.svc/AddressVerification",
            data: dataToSend,
            success: function (dataReturned) {
                alert("YAY!!!!!!!");
            },
            error: function (dataReturned, status, errorT) {
                alert('error thrown: ' + errorT);
                alert('status: ' + status);
                alert('dataReturned: ' + dataReturned.toString());
            },
            cache: false
        });
    });
});

这是我的 web.config

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>

  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="ServiceBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
        </behavior>
        <behavior>
          <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
          <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="EndpBehavior">
          <webHttp/>
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <services>
      <service behaviorConfiguration="ServiceBehavior" name="Service">
        <endpoint address="" binding="webHttpBinding"
            contract="IAddressVerification" behaviorConfiguration="EndpBehavior"/>
      </service>
    </services>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
  </system.serviceModel>
 <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
  </system.webServer>

</configuration>

Answer 1

您的 WCF 端点配置为使用哪些绑定？

查看您的 WSDL，您似乎正在使用使用 SOAP 的绑定——这不适用于您尝试通过 jQuery 提交数据的方式。

看看使用webHttpBinding。这将使服务能够响应简单的 Web 请求。

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb412176.aspx

编辑：您还需要使用以下属性装饰您的 AddressVerification OperationContract：

[WebInvoke(BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest,
    ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
    UriTemplate = "AddressVerification ")]

这将在地址“http://localhost:16859/AddressVerification.svc/AddressVerification”处公开方法并返回 JSON 响应。