如何在 Java 中使用 SOAP Web 服务

Question

谁能帮我提供一些关于如何在 Java 中使用 Web 服务 WSDL 的链接和其他内容？

Answer 1

有许多选项可以使用基于 WSDL 创建的 Stub 或 Java 类来使用 SOAP Web 服务。但如果有人想在不创建任何 Java 类的情况下执行此操作，this 文章非常有帮助。 文章中的代码片段：

public String someMethod() throws MalformedURLException, IOException {

//Code to make a webservice HTTP request
String responseString = "";
String outputString = "";
String wsURL = "<Endpoint of the webservice to be consumed>";
URL url = new URL(wsURL);
URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
HttpURLConnection httpConn = (HttpURLConnection)connection;
ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
String xmlInput = "entire SOAP Request";

byte[] buffer = new byte[xmlInput.length()];
buffer = xmlInput.getBytes();
bout.write(buffer);
byte[] b = bout.toByteArray();
String SOAPAction = "<SOAP action of the webservice to be consumed>";
// Set the appropriate HTTP parameters.
httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",
String.valueOf(b.length));
httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset=utf-8");
httpConn.setRequestProperty("SOAPAction", SOAPAction);
httpConn.setRequestMethod("POST");
httpConn.setDoOutput(true);
httpConn.setDoInput(true);
OutputStream out = httpConn.getOutputStream();
//Write the content of the request to the outputstream of the HTTP Connection.
out.write(b);
out.close();
//Ready with sending the request.

//Read the response.
InputStreamReader isr = null;
if (httpConn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
  isr = new InputStreamReader(httpConn.getInputStream());
} else {
  isr = new InputStreamReader(httpConn.getErrorStream());
}

BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(isr);

//Write the SOAP message response to a String.
while ((responseString = in.readLine()) != null) {
outputString = outputString + responseString;
}
//Parse the String output to a org.w3c.dom.Document and be able to reach every node with the org.w3c.dom API.
Document document = parseXmlFile(outputString); // Write a separate method to parse the xml input.
NodeList nodeLst = document.getElementsByTagName("<TagName of the element to be retrieved>");
String elementValue = nodeLst.item(0).getTextContent();
System.out.println(elementValue);

//Write the SOAP message formatted to the console.
String formattedSOAPResponse = formatXML(outputString); // Write a separate method to format the XML input.
System.out.println(formattedSOAPResponse);
return elementValue;
}

对于那些在使用 SOAP API 时正在寻找类似的文件上传解决方案的人，请参阅这篇文章：How to attach a file (pdf, jpg, etc) in a SOAP POST request?

Answer 2

我会使用CXF，你也可以考虑 AXIS 2。

最好的方法是使用 JAX RS 参考这个example

Example:

wsimport -p stockquote http://stockquote.xyz/quote?wsdl

This will generate the Java artifacts and compile them by importing the http://stockquote.xyz/quote?wsdl.

我

Answer 3

正如一些人建议的那样，您可以使用 apache 或 jax-ws。您还可以使用从 WSDL 生成代码的工具，例如 ws-import，但在我看来，使用 Web 服务的最佳方式是创建一个动态客户端并仅调用您不希望来自 wsdl 的所有操作。您可以通过创建动态客户端来做到这一点：示例代码：

String endpointUrl = ...;

QName serviceName = new QName("http://com/ibm/was/wssample/echo/",
 "EchoService");
QName portName = new QName("http://com/ibm/was/wssample/echo/",
 "EchoServicePort");

/** Create a service and add at least one port to it. **/ 
Service service = Service.create(serviceName);
service.addPort(portName, SOAPBinding.SOAP11HTTP_BINDING, endpointUrl);

/** Create a Dispatch instance from a service.**/ 
Dispatch<SOAPMessage> dispatch = service.createDispatch(portName, 
SOAPMessage.class, Service.Mode.MESSAGE);

/** Create SOAPMessage request. **/
// compose a request message
MessageFactory mf = MessageFactory.newInstance(SOAPConstants.SOAP_1_1_PROTOCOL);

// Create a message.  This example works with the SOAPPART.
SOAPMessage request = mf.createMessage();
SOAPPart part = request.getSOAPPart();

// Obtain the SOAPEnvelope and header and body elements.
SOAPEnvelope env = part.getEnvelope();
SOAPHeader header = env.getHeader();
SOAPBody body = env.getBody();

// Construct the message payload.
SOAPElement operation = body.addChildElement("invoke", "ns1",
 "http://com/ibm/was/wssample/echo/");
SOAPElement value = operation.addChildElement("arg0");
value.addTextNode("ping");
request.saveChanges();

/** Invoke the service endpoint. **/
SOAPMessage response = dispatch.invoke(request);

/** Process the response. **/

Answer 4

Here 您可以找到一个很好的教程，介绍如何通过 WSDL 创建和使用 SOAP 服务。长话短说，您需要从命令行调用 wsimport 工具（您可以在 jdk 中找到它），并使用 -s（.java 文件的源）-d（.class 文件的目标）和wsdl 链接。

$ wsimport -s "C:\workspace\soap\src\main\java\com\test\soap\ws" -d "C:\workspace\soap\target\classes\com\test\soap\ws" http://localhost:8855/soap/test?wsdl

创建存根后，您可以非常简单地调用 Web 服务，例如：

TestHarnessService harnessService = new TestHarnessService();
ITestApi testApi = harnessService.getBasicHttpBindingITestApi();
testApi.resetLogMemoryTarget();