如果要更改组件的绘制方式(添加矩形),则需要在该组件中重新定义 paintComponent()。在您的代码中,您使用的是getGraphics()。
您不应该在组件上调用getGraphics()。您所做的任何绘制(对返回的Graphics)都将是临时的,并且会在下次 Swing 确定需要重新绘制组件时丢失。
相反,您应该重写paintComponent(Graphics) 方法(JComponent 或JPanel),并在此方法中使用作为参数接收的Graphics 对象进行绘制。
查看this link 以进一步阅读。
以下是您的代码,已更正。
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setSize(600, 400);
JPanel panel = new JPanel() {
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.fillRect(0, 0, 100, 100);
}
};
frame.add(panel);
// Graphics g = panel.getGraphics();
// g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
// g.fillRect(0, 0, 100, 100);
frame.validate(); // because you added panel after setVisible was called
frame.repaint(); // because you added panel after setVisible was called
}
}
另一个版本,完全相同,但您可能更清楚:
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setSize(600, 400);
JPanel panel = new MyRectangleJPanel(); // changed this line
frame.add(panel);
// Graphics g = panel.getGraphics();
// g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
// g.fillRect(0, 0, 100, 100);
frame.validate(); // because you added panel after setVisible was called
frame.repaint(); // because you added panel after setVisible was called
}
}
/* A JPanel that overrides the paintComponent() method and draws a rectangle */
class MyRectangleJPanel extends JPanel {
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.fillRect(0, 0, 100, 100);
}
}