Activity 在 UI 测试中永远不会成为请求状态

Question

使用 kotlin 在 android 中实现代码测试 UI 时。

这是我的代码

我认为测试代码很简单，但由于一些问题，android studio 阻止了我 > 我为此搜索了很多，但没有结果。我尝试了很多解决方案，但也没有结果。 谢谢。

我收到此错误并且我测试的活动无法启动。

java.lang.AssertionError: Activity never becomes requested state "[STARTED, RESUMED, DESTROYED, CREATED]" (last lifecycle transition = "PRE_ON_CREATE")
at androidx.test.core.app.ActivityScenario.waitForActivityToBecomeAnyOf(ActivityScenario.java:301)
at androidx.test.core.app.ActivityScenario.launchInternal(ActivityScenario.java:235)
at androidx.test.core.app.ActivityScenario.launch(ActivityScenario.java:190)
at com.elgaml.myuitesting.MainActivityTest.test_isActivityinView(MainActivityTest.kt:18)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:27)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:115)
at androidx.test.internal.runner.TestExecutor.execute(TestExecutor.java:56)
at androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:392)
at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:2204)

而我的 build.gradle 是：

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 29
    buildToolsVersion "29.0.2"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.elgaml.myuitesting"
        minSdkVersion 21
        targetSdkVersion 29
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }

}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'
    implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.2.0'
    implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'

    def androidx_test_espresso="3.2.0"
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso.idling:idling-concurrent:$androidx_test_espresso"
    implementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-idling-resource:$androidx_test_espresso"


    // Mockk.io
    def mockk_version = "1.9.3"
    androidTestImplementation "io.mockk:mockk-android:$mockk_version"

    // androidx.test
    def androidx_test = "1.1.0"
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.test:runner:$androidx_test"
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.test:core:$androidx_test"
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.ext:junit-ktx:$androidx_test"

}

Answer 1

在您的 Android 手机设置中允许自动启动并显示此应用的弹出窗口。