如何将视频添加到媒体商店数据库？

Question

我在 getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS) 中保存了一个视频 android私有目录中的路径。我想在图库中显示视频文件。我试过 MediascannerConnection.scanFile 但没有用。 有没有替代方案？

Answer 1

您必须将文件保存在共享存储中，例如，如果您要保存图片，请将它们保存在 /pictures 文件夹中，或者将视频保存在视频文件夹中

//for pictures
 contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH,Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES + "/your app folder");
//for videos
 contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH,Environment.DIRECTORY_MOVIES + "/your app folder");

P.s，这个问题只出现在范围存储中，即 sdk > 28 所以开始使用范围存储

Give this a read (Storage changes in android 11)

Answer 2

getExternalFilesDir() 

是您的应用的私人位置。

MediaStore 不会从该位置扫描文件。

因此，当 Gallery 应用程序查询 MediaStore 时，没有 Gallery 应用程序会知道它们。

Answer 3

您可以使用 MediaStore api 从图库中加载视频。

        // Represent the downloads collection
        Uri downloadsCollection;
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) { // if sdk is 29 or higher
            downloadsCollection = MediaStore.Downloads.Media.getContentUri(MediaStore.VOLUME_EXTERNAL_PRIMARY);
        } else { // if sdk is lower than 29
            downloadsCollection = MediaStore.Downloads.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
        }

        /** Represents the list of which columns to return from query */
        String[] projection = {
            MediaStore.DownloadColumns._ID,
            MediaStore.DownloadColumns.DATA,
            MediaStore.DownloadColumns.WIDTH,
            MediaStore.DownloadColumns.HEIGHT,
            MediaStore.DownloadColumns.DISPLAY_NAME,
            MediaStore.DownloadColumns.DATE_MODIFIED,
            MediaStore.DownloadColumns.SIZE
           };

        /** Initializing the selection file types to select from the gallery */
        String selection = MediaStore.DownloadColumns.MEDIA_TYPE + "=" + MediaStore.DownloadColumns.MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;

        /** Initializing the order to sort the gallery by - date added descending */
        val orderBy = MediaStore.DownloadColumns.DATE_ADDED + " DESC";

        // Querying the gallery files collection, with the projection columns, the selection, and the order to sort by
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(collection, projection, selection, null, orderBy);
           
        /** Represents the id column */
        int idColumn = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.DownloadColumns._ID)

        /** Represents the width column */
        int widthColumn = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.DownloadColumns.WIDTH)

        /** Represents the height column */
        int heightColumn = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.DownloadColumns.HEIGHT)

        /** Represents the display name column */
        int displayNameColumn = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.DownloadColumns.DISPLAY_NAME)

        /** Represents the date added column */
        int dateAddedColumn = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.DownloadColumns.DATE_MODIFIED)

        /** Represents the size column */
        int sizeColumn = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.DownloadColumns.SIZE)

        /** Represents the path to the file on disk column */
        int filePathColumnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.DownloadColumns.DATA)

        while (cursor.moveToNext()) { // While there are files in the gallery
            /** Represents the id of the current file */
            val id = cursor.getLong(idColumn)

            /** Represents the value which is the uri related file local path */
            val filePath = it.getString(filePathColumnIndex)

            /** Represents the display name of the current file */
            val displayName = it.getString(displayNameColumn)

            /** Represents the width of the current file */
            val width = it.getInt(widthColumn)

            /** Represents the height of the current file */
            val height = it.getInt(heightColumn)

            /** Represent the date added of the current file in milliseconds */
            val dateAdded = it.getLong(dateAddedColumn)

            /** Represents the size of the current file */
            var size = it.getLong(sizeColumn)

            /** Represents the uri of the current file */
            val contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(downloadsCollection, id)

            // todo: you can create a model object that will save all these values and then add it to a list
        }

此代码用于加载下载集合中的所有视频，如果您想要特定的视频，您可以更改 selection 变量的值以仅匹配特定视频。

检索到所需的内容 uri 后，您可以使用 Glide 将视频缩略图加载到 ImageView：

Glide.with(context).load(contentUri).into(imageView)

或者只是使用 VideoView 并将内容 uri 设置为视频 uri 以播放视频。