使用 DBUnit 集成测试 Spring 存储库层

Question

我一直在关注 Petri Kainulainen 的 this 非常有用的博文，使用 spring-data-jpa 和 DBUnit 为我的 Spring 存储库代码编写集成测试。

我的 bean 上下文 XML 是这样设置的

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">

    <context:property-placeholder location="file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/config/application-test.properties"
        ignore-resource-not-found="false" />

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.jolbox.bonecp.BoneCPDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${db.driver}" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${db.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${db.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${db.password}" />
    </bean>
    <bean id="directorRepository" name="directorRepositoryMock" class="org.mockito.Mockito"
        factory-method="mock">
        <constructor-arg value="com.tvfreakz.repository.DirectorRepository" />
    </bean>

</beans>

我的数据集 XML 有以下内容

<!DOCTYPE dataset SYSTEM "my-dataset.dtd">
<dataset>
    <director directorid="1" director="Ridley Scott" />
    <director directorid="2" director="James Cameron" />
    <director directorid="3" director="David Fincher" />
    <director directorid="4" director="Jean-Pierre Jeunet" />
</dataset>

这里是仓库界面

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.tvfreakz.model.entity.Director;

@Repository("directorRepository")
public interface DirectorRepository extends JpaRepository<Director, Long> {

  Director findByDirectorId(Long directorId);

}

我的测试班是这样设置的

import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.TestExecutionListeners;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener;
import org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener;
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener;

import com.github.springtestdbunit.DbUnitTestExecutionListener;
import com.github.springtestdbunit.annotation.DatabaseSetup;
import com.tvfreakz.model.entity.Director;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/config/testMVCContext.xml"})
@TestExecutionListeners({ DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class,
  DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class,
  TransactionalTestExecutionListener.class,
  DbUnitTestExecutionListener.class })
@DatabaseSetup("testDataset.xml")
public class ITDirectorRepositoryTest {

  @Autowired
  private DirectorRepository repository;

  @Test
  public void testFindByDirectorIdWhenNoDirectorFound() {
    Director director = repository.findByDirectorId(10L);
    assertNull(director);
  }

  @Test
  public void testFindByDirectorIdWhendirectorIsFound() {
    Director director = repository.findByDirectorId(1L);
    assertEquals("Ridley Scott", director.getDirectorName());
  }

}

我期待 @DatabaseSetup 注释获取我的配置并将所有表和数据插入设置到由 dataSource bean 配置的测试数据库中。

这似乎什么都不做（即数据库保持空白，没有表或数据），我的第二个测试 testFindByDirectorIdWhendirectorIsFound 失败，因为返回的主管为空。我错过了什么？

编辑 1 好的，我有一些进展，我现在创建了表，但没有数据。问题是我不应该使用模拟存储库。我必须将我的上下文 XML 更新为以下内容。所以下一个问题是尝试找出为什么它没有用数据填充我新创建的表

EDIT 2 JpaTransactionManager bean 和 tx 注释驱动添加到上下文

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">

    <context:property-placeholder location="file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/config/application-test.properties"
        ignore-resource-not-found="false" />

<jpa:repositories base-package="com.tvfreakz.repository" />

<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
    <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="punit"/>
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
        <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
            <property name="showSql" value="true"/>
        </bean>
    </property>
    <property name="jpaPropertyMap">
        <map>
            <entry key="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect"/>
            <entry key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
            <entry key="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/>
            <entry key="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
        </map>
    </property>
</bean>

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.jolbox.bonecp.BoneCPDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${db.driver}" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${db.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${db.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${db.password}" />
    </bean>

</beans>

EDIT 3 好的，在我的 maven 依赖项中包含 slf4j 并创建一个设置了 DEBUG 级别的 log4j.properties 文件后，我设法启用了 DEBUG 级别。

我在日志中看到了这一点，这或许可以提供线索？

14:47:05,670  INFO TestContextManager:242 - Could not instantiate TestExecutionListener [com.github.springtestdbunit.DbUnitTestExecutionListener]. Specify custom listener classes or make the default listener classes (and their required dependencies) available. Offending class: [org/dbunit/dataset/IDataSet]

我相信这是参考我的测试代码的这一部分

@TestExecutionListeners({ DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class,
  DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class,
  TransactionalTestExecutionListener.class,
  DbUnitTestExecutionListener.class })

Answer 1

除了我对原始帖子所做的编辑外，我似乎在我的 Maven pom.xml 中缺少 DBUnit 依赖项。添加以下内容后，我现在有了数据，感谢 Petri 和 Phil 的帮助！

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.dbunit</groupId>
        <artifactId>dbunit</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.0</version>
    </dependency>