将照片缩略图添加到没有照片的现有 Android 联系人

Question

我以编程方式在 Android 通讯录中创建了一个联系人，其中包含姓名和电话号码。现在我想为这个联系人添加一张照片，但我似乎无法正常工作。我没有收到错误消息，但似乎没有添加照片。

如果我创建一个带照片的新联系人，照片会正确添加，我也可以更新此联系人的现有照片。唯一的问题是没有照片的联系人。

我已经阅读了几个解决方案 here 和 here，并根据这些答案尝试了几种变体，但都不起作用。我最好的猜测是我对RAW_CONTACT_ID 做错了什么。谁能找到我的错误？

private void createNewContact()
{
  ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = new ArrayList<>();

  ContentProviderOperation.Builder builder = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI);
  builder.withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, MY_ACCOUNT_TYPE);
  builder.withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, MY_ACCOUNT_NAME);
  ops.add(builder.build());

  builder = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(Data.CONTENT_URI);
  builder.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0);
  builder.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
  builder.withValue(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, myName);
  ops.add(builder.build());

  builder = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(Data.CONTENT_URI);
  builder.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0);
  builder.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
  builder.withValue(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_WORK);
  builder.withValue(Phone.NUMBER, myPhoneNumber);
  ops.add(builder.build());

  builder = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(Data.CONTENT_URI);
  builder.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0);
  builder.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Photo.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
  builder.withValue(Photo.PHOTO, myPhotoByteArray);
  ops.add(builder.build());

  try
  {
      context.getContentResolver().applyBatch(AUTHORITY, ops);
  }
  catch (Exception e)
  {
      // Handle exception
  }
}



private static final String BASIC_SELECTION = RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE + "='" + MY_ACCOUNT_TYPE + "'";

private void editContact() {
  ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = new ArrayList<>();

  ContentProviderOperation.Builder builder = ContentProviderOperation.newUpdate(Data.CONTENT_URI);
  builder.withSelection(BASIC_SELECTION + " AND " + Data.MIMETYPE + "='" + StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE + "'", null);
  builder.withValue(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, myName);
  ops.add(builder.build());

  builder = ContentProviderOperation.newUpdate(Data.CONTENT_URI);
  builder.withSelection(BASIC_SELECTION + " AND " + Data.MIMETYPE + "='" + Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE + "'" + " AND " + Phone.TYPE + "='" + Phone.TYPE_WORK + "'", null);
  builder.withValue(Phone.NUMBER, myPhoneNumber);
  ops.add(builder.build());

  if (isContactWithoutPhoto())
  {
    // Contact without photo: insert new photo
    // TODO: this part doesn't work yet!
    int rawContactId = getRawContactId();
    if (rawContactId != -1)
    {
        builder = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(Data.CONTENT_URI);
        builder.withValue(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
        builder.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Photo.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
        builder.withValue(Photo.PHOTO, myPhotoByteArray);
        ops.add(builder.build());
    }
  }
  else
  {
    // Contact already has a photo: update
    builder = ContentProviderOperation.newUpdate(Data.CONTENT_URI);
    builder.withSelection(BASIC_SELECTION + " AND " + Data.MIMETYPE + "='" + Photo.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE + "'", null);
    builder.withValue(Photo.PHOTO, myPhotoBytes);
    ops.add(builder.build());
  }

  try
  {
      context.getContentResolver().applyBatch(AUTHORITY, ops);
  }
  catch (Exception e)
  {
      // Handle exception
  }
}

private int getRawContactId()
{
    int rawContactId = -1;
    Cursor cursor = null;
    try
    {
        cursor = App.getContext().getContentResolver().query(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, null, ACCOUNT_TYPE_SELECTION, null, null);
        if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst())
        {
            rawContactId = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(RawContacts._ID));
        }
    }
    finally
    {
        if (cursor != null)
        {
            cursor.close();
        }
    }
    return rawContactId;
}

编辑：

我只需要一个联系人，它是一次创建的，之后只需要定期更新。此联系人保存在类型为 MY_ACCOUNT_TYPE 和名称为 MY_ACCOUNT_NAME 的自行创建的帐户中。因此，builder.withSelection(BASIC_SELECTION 用于每个更新操作，它使用 MY_ACCOUNT_TYPE 而不是 id。

我还尝试在“更新现有联系人的照片”部分添加相同的选择，以更像其他“更新”代码一样实现它，因为我想确保我仅为该单个联系人更新照片：

int rawContactId = getRawContactId();
if (rawContactId != -1)
{
    builder = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(Data.CONTENT_URI);
    builder.withSelection(BASIC_SELECTION + " AND " + Data.MIMETYPE + "='" + Photo.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE + "'", null);
    builder.withValue(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
    builder.withValue(Photo.PHOTO, myPhotoByteArray);
    ops.add(builder.build());

在这种情况下，应用程序显然会因错误java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: only updates, deletes, and asserts can have selections 而崩溃。 id 已经使用BASIC_SELECTION 收集，所以我希望无论如何都能以这种方式更新正确的联系人。

如果有人想知道使用了哪些（静态）ContactsContract 导入：

import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Photo;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.PhoneLookup;

import static android.provider.ContactsContract.AUTHORITY;
import static android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Note;
import static android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone;
import static android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName;
import static android.provider.ContactsContract.Data;
import static android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts;

Answer 1

不要直接访问CommonDataKinds.Photo，而是使用API​​ 提供的帮助类DisplayPhoto。 此帮助程序类将填充 PHOTO 和 PHOTO_FILE_ID，这是您的代码所缺少的。

尝试以下方法：

public void setPhoto(long rawContactId, byte[] photo) {
    Uri rawContactPhotoUri = Uri.withAppendedPath(ContentUris.withAppendedId(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, rawContactId), RawContacts.DisplayPhoto.CONTENT_DIRECTORY);
    try {
        AssetFileDescriptor fd = contentResolver.openAssetFileDescriptor(rawContactPhotoUri, "rw");
        OutputStream os = fd.createOutputStream();
        os.write(photo);
        os.close();
        fd.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        Log.e(TAG, "error", e);
    }
}

Answer 2

经过大量试验和错误，我发现 RawContactId 不正确。 最后我想出了这个解决方案：使用PhoneLookup._ID检索RawContacts.CONTACT_ID，可以通过phoneNumber检索。

// This code stays the same as described in the question (except for some error handling and closing cursors, which I left out for simplicity sake):

private void createNewContact() {
  ...
}

private static final String BASIC_SELECTION = RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE + "='" + MY_ACCOUNT_TYPE + "'";

private void editContact() {
  ...
  int rawContactId = getRawContactId();
  ...
}

// The different part is the way to retrieve the RawContactId:

private static final ContentResolver CONTENT_RESOLVER = context.getContentResolver();

private int getRawContactId()
{
    String[] projection = {Phone.NUMBER};
    Cursor cursor = CONTENT_RESOLVER.query(Phone.CONTENT_URI, projection, BASIC_SELECTION, null, null);
    String phoneNumber = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
    return getRawContactIdWithPhoneNumber(phoneNumber);
}

private int getRawContactIdWithPhoneNumber(String phoneNumber)
{
    Uri uri = Uri.withAppendedPath(PhoneLookup.CONTENT_FILTER_URI, Uri.encode(phoneNumber));
    String[] projection = {PhoneLookup._ID, PhoneLookup.DISPLAY_NAME};
    Cursor cursor = CONTENT_RESOLVER.query(uri, projection, BASIC_SELECTION, null, null);
    int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(PhoneLookup._ID));
    return getRawContactIdWithPhoneLookupId(id);
}

private int getRawContactIdWithPhoneLookupId(int id)
{
    String[] projection = new String[]{RawContacts._ID};
    String selection = RawContacts.CONTACT_ID + "=?";
    String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{String.valueOf(id)};
    Cursor cursor = CONTENT_RESOLVER.query(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
    return cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(RawContacts._ID));
}