[注意:以下内容作为this answer 对reasons that make no sense to me 的编辑被拒绝(因为编辑不是旨在解决帖子的作者! ),所以我接受建议,将其作为单独的答案。]
Steve Zobell's adaptation of Matt McClure's technique 的更简单实现使用 bash 内置(自 version == 4 起)readarray as suggested by RastaMatt 来创建可以在运行时转换为数组的数组表示。 (请注意,readarray 和 mapfile 都使用相同的代码。)它仍然避免全局变量(允许在管道中使用函数),并且仍然处理讨厌的字符。
对于一些更完全开发(例如,更多模块化)但仍然有点玩具的示例,请参阅bash_pass_arrays_between_functions。以下是一些易于执行的示例,在此提供以避免版主对外部链接不屑一顾。
剪切以下块并将其粘贴到 bash 终端以创建 /tmp/source.sh 和 /tmp/junk1.sh:
FP='/tmp/source.sh' # path to file to be created for `source`ing
cat << 'EOF' > "${FP}" # suppress interpretation of variables in heredoc
function make_junk {
echo 'this is junk'
echo '#more junk and "b@d" characters!'
echo '!#$^%^&(*)_^&% ^$#@:"<>?/.,\\"'"'"
}
### Use 'readarray' (aka 'mapfile', bash built-in) to read lines into an array.
### Handles blank lines, whitespace and even nastier characters.
function lines_to_array_representation {
local -a arr=()
readarray -t arr
# output array as string using 'declare's representation (minus header)
declare -p arr | sed -e 's/^declare -a [^=]*=//'
}
EOF
FP1='/tmp/junk1.sh' # path to script to run
cat << 'EOF' > "${FP1}" # suppress interpretation of variables in heredoc
#!/usr/bin/env bash
source '/tmp/source.sh' # to reuse its functions
returned_string="$(make_junk | lines_to_array_representation)"
eval "declare -a returned_array=${returned_string}"
for elem in "${returned_array[@]}" ; do
echo "${elem}"
done
EOF
chmod u+x "${FP1}"
# newline here ... just hit Enter ...
运行/tmp/junk1.sh:输出应该是
this is junk
#more junk and "b@d" characters!
!#$^%^&(*)_^&% ^$#@:"<>?/.,\\"'
注意lines_to_array_representation 也处理空行。尝试将以下代码块粘贴到您的 bash 终端中:
FP2='/tmp/junk2.sh' # path to script to run
cat << 'EOF' > "${FP2}" # suppress interpretation of variables in heredoc
#!/usr/bin/env bash
source '/tmp/source.sh' # to reuse its functions
echo '`bash --version` the normal way:'
echo '--------------------------------'
bash --version
echo # newline
echo '`bash --version` via `lines_to_array_representation`:'
echo '-----------------------------------------------------'
bash_version="$(bash --version | lines_to_array_representation)"
eval "declare -a returned_array=${bash_version}"
for elem in "${returned_array[@]}" ; do
echo "${elem}"
done
echo # newline
echo 'But are they *really* the same? Ask `diff`:'
echo '-------------------------------------------'
echo 'You already know how to capture normal output (from `bash --version`):'
declare -r PATH_TO_NORMAL_OUTPUT="$(mktemp)"
bash --version > "${PATH_TO_NORMAL_OUTPUT}"
echo "normal output captured to file @ ${PATH_TO_NORMAL_OUTPUT}"
ls -al "${PATH_TO_NORMAL_OUTPUT}"
echo # newline
echo 'Capturing L2AR takes a bit more work, but is not onerous.'
echo "Look @ contents of the file you're about to run to see how it's done."
declare -r RAW_L2AR_OUTPUT="$(bash --version | lines_to_array_representation)"
declare -r PATH_TO_COOKED_L2AR_OUTPUT="$(mktemp)"
eval "declare -a returned_array=${RAW_L2AR_OUTPUT}"
for elem in "${returned_array[@]}" ; do
echo "${elem}" >> "${PATH_TO_COOKED_L2AR_OUTPUT}"
done
echo "output from lines_to_array_representation captured to file @ ${PATH_TO_COOKED_L2AR_OUTPUT}"
ls -al "${PATH_TO_COOKED_L2AR_OUTPUT}"
echo # newline
echo 'So are they really the same? Per'
echo "\`diff -uwB "${PATH_TO_NORMAL_OUTPUT}" "${PATH_TO_COOKED_L2AR_OUTPUT}" | wc -l\`"
diff -uwB "${PATH_TO_NORMAL_OUTPUT}" "${PATH_TO_COOKED_L2AR_OUTPUT}" | wc -l
echo '... they are the same!'
EOF
chmod u+x "${FP2}"
# newline here ... just hit Enter ...
运行/tmp/junk2.sh@命令行。你的输出应该和我的类似:
`bash --version` the normal way:
--------------------------------
GNU bash, version 4.3.30(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
`bash --version` via `lines_to_array_representation`:
-----------------------------------------------------
GNU bash, version 4.3.30(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
But are they *really* the same? Ask `diff`:
-------------------------------------------
You already know how to capture normal output (from `bash --version`):
normal output captured to file @ /tmp/tmp.Ni1bgyPPEw
-rw------- 1 me me 308 Jun 18 16:27 /tmp/tmp.Ni1bgyPPEw
Capturing L2AR takes a bit more work, but is not onerous.
Look @ contents of the file you're about to run to see how it's done.
output from lines_to_array_representation captured to file @ /tmp/tmp.1D6O2vckGz
-rw------- 1 me me 308 Jun 18 16:27 /tmp/tmp.1D6O2vckGz
So are they really the same? Per
`diff -uwB /tmp/tmp.Ni1bgyPPEw /tmp/tmp.1D6O2vckGz | wc -l`
0
... they are the same!