使用 ProGuard 混淆后应用程序崩溃

Question

过去 3 天我一直在解决这个问题。

我的应用程序已经完成，在一些设备和模拟器上进行了测试，并准备发布......至少我是这么想的。导出并签名后（顺便说一下，我正在使用带有 ADT 的 Eclipse），它停止在任何设备或模拟器中工作。我认为问题出在我的 ProGuard 配置上，因为如果我在 project.properties 中禁用 ProGuard，它会在导出后完美运行。

这是我的project.properties：

# Project target.
target=android-23
android.library.reference.1=..\\google-play-services_lib
android.library.reference.2=..\\android-support-design
proguard.config=proguard.cfg

（如果我只是评论上面的 proguard.config= 行，导出后一切正常）

proguard.cfg：

-optimizationpasses 5
-dontusemixedcaseclassnames
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclassmembers
-dontpreverify
-verbose
-dontwarn com.google.android.gms.**
-dontwarn android.support.v4.app.**
-dontwarn android.support.design.internal.**
-allowaccessmodification
-mergeinterfacesaggressively
-overloadaggressively
-optimizations !code/simplification/arithmetic
-keepattributes *Annotation*

-keep public class * extends android.app.Fragment
-keep public class * extends android.support.v4.app.Fragment
-keep public class * extends android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter
-keep public class * extends android.app.Fragment
-keep public class * extends android.widget.**
-keep public class * extends android.view.View
-keep class * extends android.support.v7.**

-dontwarn android.support.v4.**
-keep class android.support.v4.** { *; }

-dontwarn android.support.v7.**
-keep class android.support.v7.internal.** { *; }
-keep interface android.support.internal.v7.** { *; }


-keep class com.google.android.gms.**

# For Google Play Services
-keep public class com.google.android.gms.ads.**{
   public *;
}

-keep public class com.google.android.gms.common.internal.safeparcel.SafeParcelable {
    public static final *** NULL;
}

-keep class android.support.**

-keepnames class * implements android.os.Parcelable
-keepclassmembers class * implements android.os.Parcelable {
  public static final *** CREATOR;
}

-keep @interface android.support.annotation.Keep
-keep @android.support.annotation.Keep class *
-keepclasseswithmembers class * {
  @android.support.annotation.Keep <fields>;
}
-keepclasseswithmembers class * {
  @android.support.annotation.Keep <methods>;
}

-keep @interface com.google.android.gms.common.annotation.KeepName
-keepnames @com.google.android.gms.common.annotation.KeepName class *
-keepclassmembernames class * {
  @com.google.android.gms.common.annotation.KeepName *;
}

-keep @interface com.google.android.gms.common.util.DynamiteApi
-keep public @com.google.android.gms.common.util.DynamiteApi class * {
  public <fields>;
  public <methods>;
}

# Other required classes for Google Play Services
# Read more at http://developer.android.com/google/play-services/setup.html
-keep class * extends java.util.ListResourceBundle {
   protected Object[][] getContents();
}


# Needed when building against pre-Marshmallow SDK.
-dontwarn android.security.NetworkSecurityPolicy

# Keep metadata about included modules.
-keep public class com.google.android.gms.dynamite.descriptors.** {
  public <fields>;
}

# Keep the implementation of the flags api for google-play-services-flags

-keep public class com.google.android.gms.flags.impl.FlagProviderImpl {
  public <fields>; public <methods>;
}


-keep class org.apache.http.**
-keep interface org.apache.http.**
-dontwarn org.apache.**
-keep public class android.net.http.SslError
-keep public class android.webkit.WebViewClient

-dontwarn android.webkit.WebView
-dontwarn android.net.http.SslError
-dontwarn android.webkit.WebViewClient


-assumenosideeffects class android.util.Log {
    public static *** e(...);
    public static *** w(...);
    public static *** wtf(...);
    public static *** d(...);
    public static *** v(...);
    public static *** i(...);
}

最后，当我在真实设备上运行我的应用程序时得到的错误日志：

06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411): Process: com.alxdroiddev.cchecker, PID: 12411
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411): android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #12: Error inflating class Button
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:770)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:813)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:511)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:415)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at com.alxdroiddev.cchecker.LinksFragment.onCreateView(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v4.app.BackStackRecord.run(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.execPendingActions(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.executePendingTransactions(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter.finishUpdate(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.setCurrentItemInternal(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.setCurrentItemInternal(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.setCurrentItem(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.design.widget.TabLayout$ViewPagerOnTabSelectedListener.a(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.design.widget.TabLayout.a(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.design.widget.TabLayout$Tab.a(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.design.widget.TabLayout$TabView.performClick(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:20916)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:739)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:145)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5944)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:1399)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1194)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411): Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatBackgroundHelper.b(android.content.res.ColorStateList)' on a null object reference
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatButton.setBackgroundDrawable(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.view.View.setBackground(View.java:17237)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.view.View.<init>(View.java:4335)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.widget.TextView.<init>(TextView.java:1002)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.widget.Button.<init>(Button.java:115)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.widget.Button.<init>(Button.java:108)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatButton.<init>(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatButton.<init>(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV7.onCreateView(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.support.v4.view.LayoutInflaterCompatHC$FactoryWrapperHC.onCreateView(Unknown Source)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.view.LayoutInflater$FactoryMerger.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:181)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:732)
06-08 21:19:23.448: E/AndroidRuntime(12411):    ... 28 more

我的应用有 1 个带有 TabLayout 和 4 个选项卡的活动。第一个选项卡始终成功打开。如果我切换到另一个选项卡（更改片段），我会收到上述错误。即使切换到的 Fragment 中没有 Button 视图，我也会收到相同的错误。

提前感谢您的帮助。在过去的 3 天里，我一直在为此苦苦挣扎。

Answer 1

我的问题解决了。

这是我最终得到的最后一个 proguard.cfg 文件，它经过多项优化编译，使我的应用程序运行顺畅：

-optimizationpasses 5
-dontusemixedcaseclassnames
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclassmembers
-verbose
-dontpreverify
-allowaccessmodification
-mergeinterfacesaggressively
-overloadaggressively
-keepattributes *Annotation*


####################################################################  KEEP ANDROID SUPPORT V7 AND DESIGN

-dontwarn android.support.design.**
-keep class android.support.design.** { *; }
-keep interface android.support.design.** { *; }
-keep public class android.support.design.R$* { *; }

-keep public class android.support.v7.widget.** { *; }
-keep public class android.support.v7.internal.widget.** { *; }
-keep public class android.support.v7.internal.view.menu.** { *; }

-keep public class * extends android.support.v4.view.ActionProvider {
    public <init>(android.content.Context);
}

-keep interface android.support.v4.** { *; }
-keep interface android.support.v7.** { *; }
-keep class android.support.** { *; }

####################################################################  REMOVE WARNINGS 


-dontwarn android.support.design.internal.**
-dontwarn com.google.android.gms.**
-dontwarn android.support.v4.**


####################################################################  REMOVE LOGGING 

-assumenosideeffects class android.util.Log {
    public static *** e(...);
    public static *** w(...);
    public static *** wtf(...);
    public static *** d(...);
    public static *** v(...);
    public static *** i(...);
}

####################################################################  ORG.APACHE.HTTP 

-keep class org.apache.http.**
-keep interface org.apache.http.**
-dontwarn org.apache.**

####################################################################  WEVVIEW 

-keep public class android.net.http.SslError
-keep public class android.webkit.WebViewClient
-dontwarn android.webkit.WebView
-dontwarn android.net.http.SslError
-dontwarn android.webkit.WebViewClient

####################################################################  GOOGLE PLAY SERVICES LIB - ADS

-keep public class com.google.android.gms.* { public *; }
#-keep class com.google.android.gms.**

# For Google Play Services
-keep public class com.google.android.gms.ads.**{
   public *;
}

####################################################################  GOOGLE PLAY SERVICES LIB

-keep class * extends java.util.ListResourceBundle {
    protected java.lang.Object[][] getContents();
}

# Keep SafeParcelable value, needed for reflection. This is required to support backwards
# compatibility of some classes.
-keep public class com.google.android.gms.common.internal.safeparcel.SafeParcelable {
    public static final *** NULL;
}

# Keep the names of classes/members we need for client functionality.
-keep @interface com.google.android.gms.common.annotation.KeepName
-keepnames @com.google.android.gms.common.annotation.KeepName class *
-keepclassmembernames class * {
    @com.google.android.gms.common.annotation.KeepName *;
}

# Needed for Parcelable/SafeParcelable Creators to not get stripped
-keepnames class * implements android.os.Parcelable {
    public static final ** CREATOR;
}

# Needed when building against pre-Marshmallow SDK.
-dontwarn android.security.NetworkSecurityPolicy

# Keep metadata about included modules.
-keep public class com.google.android.gms.dynamite.descriptors.** {
  public <fields>;
}

# Keep the implementation of the flags api for google-play-services-flags

-keep public class com.google.android.gms.flags.impl.FlagProviderImpl {
  public <fields>; public <methods>;
}

我把它放在这里是为了回答我自己的问题，因为上面的配置可能会帮助那些也在浪费时间和使用 ProGuard 睡觉的人。

一些优化取自此页面：

https://github.com/krschultz/android-proguard-snippets/tree/master/libraries

上面的页面提供了几个特定于库的 ProGuard 配置的集合，包括 android.support.v7 和 android.support.design。