Vagrant：如何在 Vagrantfile 中配置多个 NIC？答案

【问题标题】：Vagrant: how to configure multiple NICs within a Vagrantfile?Vagrant：如何在 Vagrantfile 中配置多个 NIC？
【发布时间】：2014-05-30 15:06:52
【问题描述】：

官方文档仅针对 1 个 IP 给出示例：

http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/networking/private_network.html

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.50.4"
end

四处搜索，我只能找到 1 个多 IP 示例：

https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/vagrant-up/hqtdOEjjlsw

Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
  config.vm.define :web001 do |config|
    config.vm.box = "base"
    config.vm.forward_port("http", 5000, 8881)
    config.vm.forward_port("ssh", 22, 2222)
    config.vm.host_name = "web001.example.com"
    config.vm.network("33.33.33.10")
    config.vm.network("33.33.33.20", {:adapter=>2})
  end
end

但它对我不起作用......

任何帮助将不胜感激......

【问题讨论】：

标签： networking vagrant

【解决方案1】：

使用 Vagrant 1.6.1 和 Virtualbox 的私有网络，您只需重复 config.vm.network 定义即可创建多个私有 ip：

# Vagrantfile API/syntax version. Don't touch unless you know what you're doing!
VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION = "2"

Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config|
  config.vm.box = "precise64"

  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.50.4"
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.50.5"
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.50.6"
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.50.7"

end

【讨论】：

我如何指定适配器？我只需要第二个，就像原来的问题一样
您可以按照vagrant doc 指定适配器，类似于下面tmatilai 的回答。这是我刚试过的一个例子：config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.50.4" config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.50.5" config.vm.network "public_network", bridge: 'en0: Wi-Fi (AirPort)'

【解决方案2】：

那个邮件列表的帖子早在 Vagrant 1.1 和新的配置 API 之前，所以语法不兼容。

但您可以根据需要添加任意数量的config.vm.network 呼叫。一个愚蠢的例子：

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.20"
  config.vm.network "public_network", type: "dhcp", bridge: "eth0"
end

【讨论】：

An IP is required for a private network. 换句话说，dhcp 仅适用于公众。最好设置要绑定到哪个接口：config.vm.network "public_network", type: "dhcp", :bridge => "eth0"
谢谢，我改进了这个例子。
@sumid -- vagrant docs 似乎不同意你的观点。除非将您指的 private_network 和 bridge 组合起来有一些复杂性？

【解决方案3】：

使用以下配置语句确认Vagrantfile：

$ grep '^[ ]\+config.vm.network' Vagrantfile
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.101"
  config.vm.network "public_network", bridge: "en0: Wi-Fi (Wireless)", auto_config: false
  config.vm.network "public_network", bridge: "en0: Wi-Fi (Wireless)", auto_config: false

导致网络接口如下。如您所见，IP 内部的接口尚未配置但存在。

$ ip a l
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:c0:42:d5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 86141sec preferred_lft 86141sec
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fec0:42d5/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:91:77:71 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.56.101/24 brd 192.168.56.255 scope global noprefixroute eth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe91:7771/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:64:d4:68 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: eth3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:a4:f8:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

如果您尝试将此添加到您的Vagrantfile：

config.vm.network "private_network", auto_config: false

你会得到这个失败：

==> default: Destroying VM and associated drives...
/opt/vagrant/embedded/lib/ruby/2.4.0/ipaddr.rb:479:in `initialize': address family must be specified (IPAddr::AddressFamilyError)
    from /opt/vagrant/embedded/gems/2.1.5/gems/vagrant-2.1.5/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/network.rb:263:in `new'
    from /opt/vagrant/embedded/gems/2.1.5/gems/vagrant-2.1.5/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/network.rb:263:in `hostonly_config'
    from /opt/vagrant/embedded/gems/2.1.5/gems/vagrant-2.1.5/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/network.rb:91:in `block in call'

private_network 设备似乎需要 IP。

【讨论】：