【发布时间】：2021-10-11 18:20:46
【问题描述】：
我最近开始在 Kivy 开展一个项目，以便更好地了解该库。当我开始在我的 python 代码中管理我的 kv 脚本中的 ID 时遇到问题时，我开始设置主屏幕。
总而言之，我目前正在编写使我的播放器 (resources/player1.png) 指向光标的代码。为了获得光标的位置，我使用了 Touch 小部件并在我单击时让它打印坐标。然后我想将此信息传递给一个函数，该函数将接收它并相应地旋转图像（我知道我在该区域还有工作要做）。但是，当我尝试让图像的 id (id: player) 旋转时，我最终得到KeyError: 'player'。我尝试通过打印 self.ids 来列出 id，但没有列出，如输出所示（错误消息前的空括号）。我四处寻找这个错误并查看了Kivy's docs on ids，但我找不到任何东西。
这是我目前拥有的代码：
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang.builder import Builder
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
class Window1(Screen):
pass
class Window2(Screen):
pass
class WindowManager(ScreenManager):
pass
class Touch(Widget):
def aim(self):
print(self.ids)
player_id = self.ids['player']
player_id.rotate(90.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
def on_touch_down(self, touch):
print(touch)
self.aim()
Kv 文件：
#: import NoTransition kivy.uix.screenmanager.SlideTransition
WindowManager:
Window1:
Window2:
<Window1>:
id: win1
name: 'w1'
RelativeLayout:
orientation: 'vertical'
size: root.width, root.height
Label:
text: 'TITLE'
font_size: 40
size_hint: .3, .2
pos_hint: {'top': 0.7, 'right': 2/3}
Button:
size_hint: .3, .2
pos_hint: {'top': 0.5, 'right': 2/3}
text: 'START'
font_size: 40
on_release:
app.root.transition = NoTransition(duration=0)
app.root.current = 'w2'
<Window2>:
id: win2
name: 'w2'
Touch:
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: (.1, .1, .1)
Rectangle:
size: self.size
canvas:
Color:
rgb: (1, 1, 1)
Rectangle:
id: player
source: 'resources/player1.png'
size: 66, 99
pos: (self.width/2-33, self.height/2-49.5)
输出：
[INFO ] [Logger ] Record log in C:\Users\daqna\.kivy\logs\kivy_21-10-11_31.txt
[INFO ] [deps ] Successfully imported "kivy_deps.angle" 0.3.0
[INFO ] [deps ] Successfully imported "kivy_deps.glew" 0.3.0
[INFO ] [deps ] Successfully imported "kivy_deps.sdl2" 0.3.1
[INFO ] [Kivy ] v2.0.0
[INFO ] [Kivy ] Installed at "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\__init__.py"
[INFO ] [Python ] v3.9.6 (tags/v3.9.6:db3ff76, Jun 28 2021, 15:26:21) [MSC v.1929 64 bit (AMD64)]
[INFO ] [Python ] Interpreter at "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\Scripts\python.exe"
[INFO ] [Factory ] 186 symbols loaded
[INFO ] [Image ] Providers: img_tex, img_dds, img_sdl2 (img_pil, img_ffpyplayer ignored)
[INFO ] [Window ] Provider: sdl2
[INFO ] [GL ] Using the "OpenGL" graphics system
[INFO ] [GL ] GLEW initialization succeeded
[INFO ] [GL ] Backend used <glew>
[INFO ] [GL ] OpenGL version <b'4.6.0 - Build 30.0.100.9922'>
[INFO ] [GL ] OpenGL vendor <b'Intel'>
[INFO ] [GL ] OpenGL renderer <b'Intel(R) UHD Graphics'>
[INFO ] [GL ] OpenGL parsed version: 4, 6
[INFO ] [GL ] Shading version <b'4.60 - Build 30.0.100.9922'>
[INFO ] [GL ] Texture max size <16384>
[INFO ] [GL ] Texture max units <32>
[INFO ] [Window ] auto add sdl2 input provider
[INFO ] [Window ] virtual keyboard not allowed, single mode, not docked
[INFO ] [Text ] Provider: sdl2
[INFO ] [GL ] NPOT texture support is available
[INFO ] [Base ] Start application main loop
<MouseMotionEvent spos=(0.71625, 0.43666666666666665) pos=(573.0, 262.0)>
{}
[INFO ] [Base ] Leaving application in progress...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\main.py", line 35, in <module>
GameApp().run()
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\app.py", line 950, in run
runTouchApp()
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\base.py", line 582, in runTouchApp
EventLoop.mainloop()
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\base.py", line 347, in mainloop
self.idle()
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\base.py", line 391, in idle
self.dispatch_input()
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\base.py", line 342, in dispatch_input
post_dispatch_input(*pop(0))
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\base.py", line 248, in post_dispatch_input
listener.dispatch('on_motion', etype, me)
File "kivy\_event.pyx", line 709, in kivy._event.EventDispatcher.dispatch
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\window\__init__.py", line 1412, in on_motion
self.dispatch('on_touch_down', me)
File "kivy\_event.pyx", line 709, in kivy._event.EventDispatcher.dispatch
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\window\__init__.py", line 1428, in on_touch_down
if w.dispatch('on_touch_down', touch):
File "kivy\_event.pyx", line 709, in kivy._event.EventDispatcher.dispatch
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\uix\screenmanager.py", line 1198, in on_touch_down
return super(ScreenManager, self).on_touch_down(touch)
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\uix\widget.py", line 545, in on_touch_down
if child.dispatch('on_touch_down', touch):
File "kivy\_event.pyx", line 709, in kivy._event.EventDispatcher.dispatch
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\uix\relativelayout.py", line 297, in on_touch_down
ret = super(RelativeLayout, self).on_touch_down(touch)
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\uix\widget.py", line 545, in on_touch_down
if child.dispatch('on_touch_down', touch):
File "kivy\_event.pyx", line 709, in kivy._event.EventDispatcher.dispatch
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\main.py", line 24, in on_touch_down
self.aim()
File "C:\Users\daqna\PycharmProjects\game\main.py", line 19, in aim
player_id = self.ids['player']
KeyError: 'player'
Process finished with exit code 1
如果有一个非常明显的解决方案，我很抱歉，我是 kivy 的新手，不了解 id，老实说 OOP 非常好。感谢您的反馈。
【问题讨论】：
标签： python oop kivy kivy-language