查找匹配“a”的模式，忽略位于“b”和“c”之间的“a”

Question

需要复合表达式

" from" such that " from" is not within parenthesis

（忽略括号中的）这里a=" from"; b="("; and c=")";

我能写的最接近（但无效）的模式是

string pat = @"^((?!\(.* from.*\)).)* from((?!\(.* from.*\)).)*$";

我的表达否认括号中是否存在任何“来自”，但我想严格忽略这样的“来自”

应在以下位置找到匹配项：

1: " from" 2:select field1 from t1 (select field1 from t1)   ---- 1 time in both
3: select field1 from t1 (select field1 from t1)select field1 from t1  ---2 times

不包含匹配项的字符串：（因为我想忽略括号内的“from”）

1: select field1 no_f_rom_OutOf_Parenthesis t1 (select field1 from t1)
2: (select field1 from t1)  3: "" (Empty String) 4. No word as form
0 times in all four strings

相关资料：（没必要阅读）

最接近我的问题的最有用的链接告诉我如何匹配“模式”而不是“常规”是 stanav 在 2009 年 7 月 31 日上午 8:05 在以下链接中的回复...

http://www.vbforums.com/archive/index.php/t-578417.html

还有：Regex in C# that contains "this" but not "that

还有：Regular expression to match a line that doesn't contain a word?

我已经学习/搜索了大约一周，但对我来说仍然很复杂:)

Answer 1

即使使用任意嵌套的括号，以下内容也应该有效：

if (Regex.IsMatch(subjectString, 
    @"\sfrom           # Match ' from'
    (?=                # only if the following regex can be matched here:
     (?:               # The following group, consisting of
      [^()]*           # any number of characters except parentheses,
      \(               # followed by an opening (
      (?>              # Now match...
       [^()]+          #  one or more characters except parentheses
      |                # or
       \( (?<DEPTH>)   #  a (, increasing the depth counter
      |                # or
       \) (?<-DEPTH>)  #  a ), decreasing the depth counter
      )*               # any number of times
      (?(DEPTH)(?!))   # until the depth counter is zero again,
      \)               # then match the closing )
     )*                # Repeat this any number of times.
     [^()]*            # Then match any number of characters except ()
     \z                # until the end of the string.
    )                  # End of lookahead.", 
    RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace))

如果您坚持，作为单行正则表达式（“恐怖！恐怖！”）：

if (Regex.IsMatch(subjectString,@"\sfrom(?=(?:[^()]*\((?>[^()]+|\((?<DEPTH>)|\)(?<-DEPTH>))*(?(DEPTH)(?!))\))*[^()]*\z)"))

Answer 2

这可能是你想要的。

string s="select field1 dfd t1 (select field1 from t1)select field1 from t1";
Regex r=new Regex(@"(?<=\)|^)\bselect\b.*?\bfrom\b.*?(?=\()",RegexOptions.RightToLeft);
r.Replace(s,"HELL yeah");