【问题标题】:Serializing object to string XML with multiple namespaces将对象序列化为具有多个命名空间的字符串 XML
【发布时间】:2019-03-27 12:01:25
【问题描述】:

我正在尝试将一个对象序列化为一个字符串。

从中获取 c# 模型的 xml 有多个命名空间:

xmlns="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1" 
xmlns:ac="http://www.example.org/Standards/xyz/1" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xmlns:rlc="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1" 
xmlns:def1="http://www.lol.com/Standards/lol.xsd" Version="2013-06" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.lol.org/standards/def/1 lol.xsd"

我正在序列化它:

var deserialize = (MyType)pageDeserializer.Deserialize(reader);
var namespaces = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
namespaces.Add("ac", "urn:http://www.example.org/Standards/xyz/1");
namespaces.Add("rlc", "urn:http://www.example.org/standards/def/1");
namespaces.Add("def1", "http://www.lol.com/Standards/lol.xsd" Version="2013-06" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.lol.org/standards/def/1 lol.xsd");


var str = pageDeserializer.SerializeAsUtf8<JvInsReinsurance>(deserialize, namespaces);

方法SerializeAsUtf8在哪里:

public static string SerializeAsUtf8<T>(this XmlSerializer serializer, T o, XmlSerializerNamespaces ns)
{
    using (var textWriter = new Utf8StringWriter())
    {
        serializer.Serialize(textWriter, o, ns);
        return textWriter.ToString();
    }
}

我希望我的 XML 看起来像:

   <rlc:element1 attribute1="value">
   <ac:element1>VALUR</ac:element1>
   </rlc:element1>

我得到的是:

   <element1 attribute1="value">
   <element1>VALUR</element1>
   </element1>

但是没有包含命名空间的信息,这使得后续的 xsd 验证失败。如何获取包含的命名空间前缀?

更新 1

按照 cmets 中的建议移除骨灰盒,让我迈出了第一步。现在我在验证 XSD 时遇到错误。

我收到以下错误:

1.

The element 'ElementX' in namespace 'urn:http://www.example.org/standards/def/1' has invalid child element 'ElementY' in namespace 'http://www.example.org/standards/def/1'.

2.

The element 'ElementP' in namespace 'urn:http://www.example.org/standards/def/1' has invalid child element 'ElementQ' in namespace 'http://www.example.org/standards/def/1'.

对于 1. 类是

[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.example.org/standards/def/1")]
public partial class ElementX
{
    [XmlElement("ElementYName")]
    public ElementY[] ElementYNames { get; set; }
}


[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.example.org/standards/def/1")]
public partial class ElementY
{

    [XmlAttribute]
    public string Field1 { get; set; }

    public ElementYFieldAmountType FieldAmount { get; set; }

    public string Field2 { get; set; }


    private string field3;


/// <remarks/>
public string Field3
{
    get
    {
        return this.field3;
    }
    set
    {
        this.field3 = value;
    }
}

}

[Serializable]
[DesignerCategory("code")]
[XmlType(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.example.org/standards/def/1")]
public class ElementYFieldAmountType
{
    public FieldAmount Amt { get; set; }
}

    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.example.org/standards/def/1")]
public class FieldAmount
{

    private string _ccyField;

    private decimal valueField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
    public string Ccy
    {
        get
        {
            return this._ccyField;
        }
        set
        {
            this._ccyField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTextAttribute()]
    public decimal Value
    {
        get
        {
            return this.valueField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.valueField = value;
        }
    }
}

使用 XSD

<xs:complexType name="ElementX">
        <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element ref="ElementY" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>


<xs:element name="ElementY" type="ElementYType"/>
<xs:element name="FieldAmount" type="AnyAmtType"/>


<xs:complexType name="ElementYType">
        <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element ref="Field2" minOccurs="0"/>
            <xs:element ref="FieldAmount" minOccurs="0"/>
            <xs:element ref="Field3" minOccurs="0"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="Field1" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
    </xs:complexType>

2人份

[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.example.org/standards/def/1")]
public partial class ElementP
{
    public ElementQ ElementQName { get; set; }
}

[Serializable]
[DesignerCategory("code")]
[XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.example.org/standards/def/1")]
public class ElementQ
{

    public PercentageRateType Rate { get; set; }

}

    [Serializable]
[DesignerCategory("code")]
[XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.example.org/standards/def/1")]
public class PercentageRateType
{

   [XmlAttribute]
    public string RateUnit { get; set; }

    [XmlText]
    public decimal Value { get; set; }

}

它们在我看来很好,它们有什么问题?

【问题讨论】:

  • 为什么你使用 urn:http:// 而不是 http:// ?
  • 好问题。这是我无法控制的,我们正在使用该定义附带的现有消息
  • 你试过使用XmlNamespaceManager吗? Here 是一个小例子
  • 我假设它的工作方式与 XmlSerializerNamespaces 参数的工作方式相同。另外,如果我错了,请纠正,但在示例中代码是反序列化字符串?
  • 你的班级是什么样的?每个类的命名空间必须在类上方方括号中的属性中。

标签: c# xml serialization


【解决方案1】:

确保您的大小写正确。在某些情况下,您有“标准”,而在其他情况下,您有“标准”。请参阅下面的代码:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.IO;

namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ElementX elementX = new ElementX()
            {
                ElementYNames = new ElementY[] {
                    new ElementY() {
                        FieldAmount =  new ElementYFieldAmountType() {
                            Amt = new FieldAmount() {
                               Ccy = "VALUR",
                               Value = 123.456M
                            }
                        },
                        Field1 = "a",
                        Field2 = "b",
                        Field3 = "c"
                    }
                }
            };

            XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ElementX));
            var namespaces = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
            namespaces.Add("ac", "http://www.example.org/Standards/xyz/1");
            namespaces.Add("rlc", "http://www.example.org/Standards/def/1");
            namespaces.Add("def1", "http://www.lol.com/Standards/lol.xsd");

            string xml = Test.SerializeAsUtf8<ElementX>(serializer, elementX, namespaces);

        }

    }
    public static class Test
    {
        public static string SerializeAsUtf8<T>(this XmlSerializer serializer, T o, XmlSerializerNamespaces ns)
        {
            XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
            settings.Indent = true;
            StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
            using (XmlWriter xWriter = XmlWriter.Create(writer, settings))
            {
                serializer.Serialize(xWriter, o, ns);
                return writer.ToString();
            }
        }
    }

    [XmlRoot(Namespace = "http://www.example.org/Standards/def/1")]
    public partial class ElementX
    {
        [XmlElement("ElementYName")]
        public ElementY[] ElementYNames { get; set; }

    }


    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.example.org/Standards/xyz/1")]
    public partial class ElementY
    {

        [XmlAttribute]
        public string Field1 { get; set; }

        public ElementYFieldAmountType FieldAmount { get; set; }

        public string Field2 { get; set; }


        private string field3;


        /// <remarks/>
        public string Field3
        {
            get
            {
                return this.field3;
            }
            set
            {
                this.field3 = value;
            }
        }

    }

    [Serializable]
    [XmlRoot("code")]
    [XmlType(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.example.org/Standards/xyz/1")]
    public class ElementYFieldAmountType
    {
        public FieldAmount Amt { get; set; }
    }

    [System.SerializableAttribute()]
    [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.example.org/Standards/xyz/1")]
    public class FieldAmount
    {

        private string _ccyField;

        private decimal valueField;

        /// <remarks/>
        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
        public string Ccy
        {
            get
            {
                return this._ccyField;
            }
            set
            {
                this._ccyField = value;
            }
        }

        /// <remarks/>
        [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTextAttribute()]
        public decimal Value
        {
            get
            {
                return this.valueField;
            }
            set
            {
                this.valueField = value;
            }
        }
    }
}

【讨论】:

    【解决方案2】:

    您的 xsd 不完整。我从你的类中制作了一些新的 Xsd,它们可能看起来像这样 2:

    Schema0.xsd:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <xs:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
      <xs:import namespace="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1" />
      <xs:element name="ElementP" nillable="true" xmlns:q1="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1" type="q1:ElementP" />
      <xs:element name="ElementQ" nillable="true" xmlns:q2="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1" type="q2:ElementQ" />
      <xs:element name="PercentageRateType" nillable="true" xmlns:q3="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1" type="q3:PercentageRateType" />
      <xs:element name="ElementX" nillable="true" xmlns:q4="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1" type="q4:ElementX" />
      <xs:element name="ElementY" nillable="true" xmlns:q5="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1" type="q5:ElementY" />
      <xs:element name="ElementYFieldAmountType" nillable="true" xmlns:q6="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1" type="q6:ElementYFieldAmountType" />
      <xs:element name="FieldAmount" nillable="true" xmlns:q7="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1" type="q7:FieldAmount" />
    </xs:schema>
    

    Schema1.xsd:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <xs:schema xmlns:tns="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
      <xs:complexType name="ElementP">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ElementQName">
            <xs:complexType>
              <xs:sequence>
                <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Rate">
                  <xs:complexType>
                    <xs:simpleContent>
                      <xs:extension base="xs:decimal">
                        <xs:attribute name="RateUnit" type="xs:string" />
                      </xs:extension>
                    </xs:simpleContent>
                  </xs:complexType>
                </xs:element>
              </xs:sequence>
            </xs:complexType>
          </xs:element>
        </xs:sequence>
      </xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexType name="ElementQ">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Rate">
            <xs:complexType>
              <xs:simpleContent>
                <xs:extension base="xs:decimal">
                  <xs:attribute name="RateUnit" type="xs:string" />
                </xs:extension>
              </xs:simpleContent>
            </xs:complexType>
          </xs:element>
        </xs:sequence>
      </xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexType name="PercentageRateType">
        <xs:simpleContent>
          <xs:extension base="xs:decimal">
            <xs:attribute name="RateUnit" type="xs:string" />
          </xs:extension>
        </xs:simpleContent>
      </xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexType name="ElementX">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="ElementYName">
            <xs:complexType>
              <xs:sequence>
                <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="FieldAmount">
                  <xs:complexType>
                    <xs:sequence>
                      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Amt">
                        <xs:complexType>
                          <xs:simpleContent>
                            <xs:extension base="xs:decimal">
                              <xs:attribute name="Ccy" type="xs:string" />
                            </xs:extension>
                          </xs:simpleContent>
                        </xs:complexType>
                      </xs:element>
                    </xs:sequence>
                  </xs:complexType>
                </xs:element>
                <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Field2" type="xs:string" />
                <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Field3" type="xs:string" />
              </xs:sequence>
              <xs:attribute name="Field1" type="xs:string" />
            </xs:complexType>
          </xs:element>
        </xs:sequence>
      </xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexType name="ElementY">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="FieldAmount">
            <xs:complexType>
              <xs:sequence>
                <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Amt">
                  <xs:complexType>
                    <xs:simpleContent>
                      <xs:extension base="xs:decimal">
                        <xs:attribute name="Ccy" type="xs:string" />
                      </xs:extension>
                    </xs:simpleContent>
                  </xs:complexType>
                </xs:element>
              </xs:sequence>
            </xs:complexType>
          </xs:element>
          <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Field2" type="xs:string" />
          <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Field3" type="xs:string" />
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="Field1" type="xs:string" />
      </xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexType name="ElementYFieldAmountType">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Amt">
            <xs:complexType>
              <xs:simpleContent>
                <xs:extension base="xs:decimal">
                  <xs:attribute name="Ccy" type="xs:string" />
                </xs:extension>
              </xs:simpleContent>
            </xs:complexType>
          </xs:element>
        </xs:sequence>
      </xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexType name="FieldAmount">
        <xs:simpleContent>
          <xs:extension base="xs:decimal">
            <xs:attribute name="Ccy" type="xs:string" />
          </xs:extension>
        </xs:simpleContent>
      </xs:complexType>
    </xs:schema>
    

    然后是代码:

    using System;
    using System.Text;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Xml;
    using System.Xml.Schema;
    using System.Xml.Linq;
    using System.Xml.Serialization;
    
    namespace MaPiTest
    {
        public class Utf8StringWriter : StringWriter
        {
            public sealed override Encoding Encoding { get { return Encoding.UTF8; } }
        }
    
        class Program
        {
            public static string SerializeAsUtf8<T>(XmlSerializer serializer, T o, XmlSerializerNamespaces ns)
            {
                using (var textWriter = new Utf8StringWriter())
                {
                    serializer.Serialize(textWriter, o, ns);
                    return textWriter.ToString();
                }
            }
    
            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                ElementX elementX = new ElementX()
                {
                    ElementYNames = new ElementY[] {
                        new ElementY() {
                            FieldAmount =  new ElementYFieldAmountType() {
                                Amt = new FieldAmount() {
                                   Ccy = "VALUR",
                                   Value = 123.456M
                                }
                            },
                            Field1 = "a",
                            Field2 = "b",
                            Field3 = "c"
                        }
                    }
                };
    
                // Serialize
                XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ElementX));
                var namespaces = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
                namespaces.Add("ac", "http://www.example.org/standards/xyz/1");
                namespaces.Add("rlc", "http://www.example.org/standards/def/1");
                namespaces.Add("def1", "http://www.lol.com/standards/lol.xsd");
                var xml = SerializeAsUtf8(serializer, elementX, namespaces);
    
                // Read into document.
                var doc = XDocument.Parse(xml);
    
                // Validate document with xsd.
                var schemas = new XmlSchemaSet();
                schemas.Add("", XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(File.ReadAllText("schema0.xsd"))));
                schemas.Add("http://www.example.org/standards/def/1", XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(File.ReadAllText("schema1.xsd"))));
    
                string error = null;
                doc.Validate(schemas, (o, e) => Console.WriteLine(error = e.Message));
    
            }
        }
    }
    

    生成的 xml btw 看起来像这样:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
    <ElementX xmlns:ac="http://www.example.org/standards/xyz/1" xmlns:def1="http://www.lol.com/standards/lol.xsd" xmlns:rlc="http://www.example.org/standards/def/1">
      <rlc:ElementYName Field1="a">
        <rlc:FieldAmount>
          <rlc:Amt Ccy="VALUR">123.456</rlc:Amt>
        </rlc:FieldAmount>
        <rlc:Field2>b</rlc:Field2>
        <rlc:Field3>c</rlc:Field3>
      </rlc:ElementYName>
    </ElementX>
    

    这验证正确。

    您可以尝试更改 xml,手动添加更改或更改 ElementX 中的属性名称。然后在控制台或断点处检查验证错误。

    希望对你有帮助...

    【讨论】:

      【解决方案3】:

      感谢大家的建议!

      最后这个错误是由于元素被序列化了,xsd验证抛出了一个神秘的错误消息

      The element 'ElementX' in namespace 'urn:http://www.example.org/standards/def/1' has invalid child element 'ElementY' in namespace 'http://www.example.org/standards/def/1'.
      

      使用 XmlOrder 对属性进行排序解决了这个问题

      [XmlElement(Order = 1, IsNullable = true)]
      public string ElementY
      

      【讨论】:

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