如果您不想使用 WMI 而是使用本机方式来执行此操作，我编写了一个 DLL，它利用 NTDLL.DLL 的 NtQueryInformationProcess() 导出并从返回的信息中派生命令行。
DLL 是用 C++ 编写的，没有依赖项，因此它可以在任何 Windows 系统上运行。
要使用它，只需添加这些导入：
[DllImport("ProcCmdLine32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, EntryPoint = "GetProcCmdLineW")]
public extern static int GetProcCmdLine32W(uint nProcId, StringBuilder sb, uint dwSizeBuf);
[DllImport("ProcCmdLine64.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, EntryPoint = "GetProcCmdLineW")]
public extern static int GetProcCmdLine64W(uint nProcId, StringBuilder sb, uint dwSizeBuf);
然后这样称呼它：
public static string GetCommandLineOfProcessW(Process proc)
{
var sb = new StringBuilder(capacity: 0xFFFF);
var rc = -1;
switch (IntPtr.Size)
{
case 4:
rc = Win32Native.GetProcCmdLine32W((uint)proc.Id, sb, (uint)sb.Capacity);
break;
case 8:
rc = Win32Native.GetProcCmdLine64W((uint)proc.Id, sb, (uint)sb.Capacity);
break;
}
return (0 == rc) ? sb.ToString() : throw new Win32Exception(rc, ErrorToString(rc));
}
带有示例 .NET 控制台应用程序的 DLL 的所有源代码都可以在 in this repo 获得。
如果您只想要带有一些示例代码的预编译 DLL，您可以下载zip package from here。
编辑添加：
我已将 C++ 代码转换为 C#。现在您不需要ProcCmdLine.DLL，只需将this class 添加到您的代码中即可：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
public static class ProcessCommandLine
{
private static class Win32Native
{
public const uint PROCESS_BASIC_INFORMATION = 0;
[Flags]
public enum OpenProcessDesiredAccessFlags : uint
{
PROCESS_VM_READ = 0x0010,
PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0400,
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct ProcessBasicInformation
{
public IntPtr Reserved1;
public IntPtr PebBaseAddress;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 2)]
public IntPtr[] Reserved2;
public IntPtr UniqueProcessId;
public IntPtr Reserved3;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct UnicodeString
{
public ushort Length;
public ushort MaximumLength;
public IntPtr Buffer;
}
// This is not the real struct!
// I faked it to get ProcessParameters address.
// Actual struct definition:
// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winternl/ns-winternl-peb
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct PEB
{
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 4)]
public IntPtr[] Reserved;
public IntPtr ProcessParameters;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct RtlUserProcessParameters
{
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 16)]
public byte[] Reserved1;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 10)]
public IntPtr[] Reserved2;
public UnicodeString ImagePathName;
public UnicodeString CommandLine;
}
[DllImport("ntdll.dll")]
public static extern uint NtQueryInformationProcess(
IntPtr ProcessHandle,
uint ProcessInformationClass,
IntPtr ProcessInformation,
uint ProcessInformationLength,
out uint ReturnLength);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr OpenProcess(
OpenProcessDesiredAccessFlags dwDesiredAccess,
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)] bool bInheritHandle,
uint dwProcessId);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public static extern bool ReadProcessMemory(
IntPtr hProcess, IntPtr lpBaseAddress, IntPtr lpBuffer,
uint nSize, out uint lpNumberOfBytesRead);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public static extern bool CloseHandle(IntPtr hObject);
[DllImport("shell32.dll", SetLastError = true,
CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, EntryPoint = "CommandLineToArgvW")]
public static extern IntPtr CommandLineToArgv(string lpCmdLine, out int pNumArgs);
}
private static bool ReadStructFromProcessMemory<TStruct>(
IntPtr hProcess, IntPtr lpBaseAddress, out TStruct val)
{
val = default;
var structSize = Marshal.SizeOf<TStruct>();
var mem = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(structSize);
try
{
if (Win32Native.ReadProcessMemory(
hProcess, lpBaseAddress, mem, (uint)structSize, out var len) &&
(len == structSize))
{
val = Marshal.PtrToStructure<TStruct>(mem);
return true;
}
}
finally
{
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(mem);
}
return false;
}
public static string ErrorToString(int error) =>
new string[]
{
"Success",
"Failed to open process for reading",
"Failed to query process information",
"PEB address was null",
"Failed to read PEB information",
"Failed to read process parameters",
"Failed to read command line from process"
}[Math.Abs(error)];
public static int Retrieve(Process process, out string commandLine)
{
int rc = 0;
commandLine = null;
var hProcess = Win32Native.OpenProcess(
Win32Native.OpenProcessDesiredAccessFlags.PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION |
Win32Native.OpenProcessDesiredAccessFlags.PROCESS_VM_READ, false, (uint)process.Id);
if (hProcess != IntPtr.Zero)
{
try
{
var sizePBI = Marshal.SizeOf<Win32Native.ProcessBasicInformation>();
var memPBI = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(sizePBI);
try
{
var ret = Win32Native.NtQueryInformationProcess(
hProcess, Win32Native.PROCESS_BASIC_INFORMATION, memPBI,
(uint)sizePBI, out var len);
if (0 == ret)
{
var pbiInfo = Marshal.PtrToStructure<Win32Native.ProcessBasicInformation>(memPBI);
if (pbiInfo.PebBaseAddress != IntPtr.Zero)
{
if (ReadStructFromProcessMemory<Win32Native.PEB>(hProcess,
pbiInfo.PebBaseAddress, out var pebInfo))
{
if (ReadStructFromProcessMemory<Win32Native.RtlUserProcessParameters>(
hProcess, pebInfo.ProcessParameters, out var ruppInfo))
{
var clLen = ruppInfo.CommandLine.MaximumLength;
var memCL = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(clLen);
try
{
if (Win32Native.ReadProcessMemory(hProcess,
ruppInfo.CommandLine.Buffer, memCL, clLen, out len))
{
commandLine = Marshal.PtrToStringUni(memCL);
rc = 0;
}
else
{
// couldn't read command line buffer
rc = -6;
}
}
finally
{
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(memCL);
}
}
else
{
// couldn't read ProcessParameters
rc = -5;
}
}
else
{
// couldn't read PEB information
rc = -4;
}
}
else
{
// PebBaseAddress is null
rc = -3;
}
}
else
{
// NtQueryInformationProcess failed
rc = -2;
}
}
finally
{
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(memPBI);
}
}
finally
{
Win32Native.CloseHandle(hProcess);
}
}
else
{
// couldn't open process for VM read
rc = -1;
}
return rc;
}
public static IReadOnlyList<string> CommandLineToArgs(string commandLine)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(commandLine)) { return Array.Empty<string>(); }
var argv = Win32Native.CommandLineToArgv(commandLine, out var argc);
if (argv == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
}
try
{
var args = new string[argc];
for (var i = 0; i < args.Length; ++i)
{
var p = Marshal.ReadIntPtr(argv, i * IntPtr.Size);
args[i] = Marshal.PtrToStringUni(p);
}
return args.ToList().AsReadOnly();
}
finally
{
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(argv);
}
}
}