如何以编程方式从类型生成 xml 架构？

Question

我正在尝试以编程方式从任何 .net 类型生成 xs:schema。我知道我可以使用反射并通过迭代公共属性来生成它，但是有内置的方法吗？

例子：

[Serializable]
public class Person
{
    [XmlElement(IsNullable = false)] public string FirstName { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(IsNullable = false)] public string LastName { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(IsNullable = true)] public string PhoneNo { get; set; }
}

期望的输出：

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <xs:element name="Person" type="Person" />
  <xs:complexType name="Person">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" form="unqualified" name="FirstName" type="xs:string" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" form="unqualified" name="LastName" type="xs:string" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" form="unqualified" name="PhoneNo" type="xs:string" />
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>

Answer 1

我发现accepted answer 在给定我的某些属性的情况下生成了不正确的架构。例如它忽略了标有[XmlEnum(Name="Foo")]的枚举值的自定义名称

我相信这是正确的方法（鉴于您使用 XmlSerializer）并且也很简单：

var schemas = new XmlSchemas();
var exporter = new XmlSchemaExporter(schemas);
var mapping = new XmlReflectionImporter().ImportTypeMapping(typeof(Person));
exporter.ExportTypeMapping(mapping);
var schemaWriter = new StringWriter();
foreach (XmlSchema schema in schemas)
{
    schema.Write(schemaWriter);
}
return schemaWriter.ToString();

代码提取自： http://blogs.msdn.com/b/youssefm/archive/2010/05/13/using-xml-schema-import-and-export-for-xmlserializer.aspx

Answer 2

所以这行得通，我想它并不像看起来那么难看：

var soapReflectionImporter = new SoapReflectionImporter();
var xmlTypeMapping = soapReflectionImporter.ImportTypeMapping(typeof(Person));
var xmlSchemas = new XmlSchemas();
var xmlSchema = new XmlSchema();
xmlSchemas.Add(xmlSchema);
var xmlSchemaExporter = new XmlSchemaExporter(xmlSchemas);
xmlSchemaExporter.ExportTypeMapping(xmlTypeMapping);

我仍然希望有一个 2 行解决方案，似乎应该有，谢谢@dtb 的提示

---

编辑 只是为了好玩，这是 2 行版本（自贬幽默）

var typeMapping = new SoapReflectionImporter().ImportTypeMapping(typeof(Person));
new XmlSchemaExporter(new XmlSchemas { new XmlSchema() }).ExportTypeMapping(typeMapping);

Answer 3

您可以以编程方式调用xsd.exe：

1. 添加 xsd.exe 作为程序集引用。
2. using XsdTool;
3. Xsd.Main(new[] { "myassembly.dll", "/type:MyNamespace.MyClass" });

---

您还可以使用 Reflector 查看 XsdTool.Xsd.ExportSchemas 方法。它使用公共 XmlReflectionImporter、XmlSchemas、XmlSchema XmlSchemaExporter 和 XmlTypeMapping 类从 .NET 类型创建架构。

基本上是这样的：

var importer = new XmlReflectionImporter();
var schemas = new XmlSchemas();
var exporter = new XmlSchemaExporter(schemas);

var xmlTypeMapping = importer.ImportTypeMapping(typeof(Person));
exporter.ExportTypeMapping(xmlTypeMapping);

schemas.Compile(..., false);

for (var i = 0; i < schemas.Count; i++)
{
    var schema = schemas[i];
    schema.Write(...);
}                 ↑

您应该能够通过将合适的编写器传递给XmlSchema.Write 方法来自定义输出。

Answer 4

我相信这就是你要找的东西：Writing your own XSD.exe

从上面借用代码：

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Xml.Schema;
using System.CodeDom;
using System.CodeDom.Compiler;

using Microsoft.CSharp;

using NUnit.Framework;

namespace XmlSchemaImporterTest
{
  [TestFixture]
  public class XsdToClassTests
  {
      // Test for XmlSchemaImporter
      [Test]
      public void XsdToClassTest()
      {
          // identify the path to the xsd
          string xsdFileName = "Account.xsd";
          string path = Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location);
          string xsdPath = Path.Combine(path, xsdFileName);

          // load the xsd
          XmlSchema xsd;
          using(FileStream stream = new FileStream(xsdPath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
          {
              xsd = XmlSchema.Read(stream, null);
          }
          Console.WriteLine("xsd.IsCompiled {0}", xsd.IsCompiled);

          XmlSchemas xsds = new XmlSchemas();
          xsds.Add(xsd);
          xsds.Compile(null, true);
          XmlSchemaImporter schemaImporter = new XmlSchemaImporter(xsds);

          // create the codedom
          CodeNamespace codeNamespace = new CodeNamespace("Generated");
          XmlCodeExporter codeExporter = new XmlCodeExporter(codeNamespace);

          List maps = new List();
          foreach(XmlSchemaType schemaType in xsd.SchemaTypes.Values)
          {
              maps.Add(schemaImporter.ImportSchemaType(schemaType.QualifiedName));
          }
          foreach(XmlSchemaElement schemaElement in xsd.Elements.Values)
          {
              maps.Add(schemaImporter.ImportTypeMapping(schemaElement.QualifiedName));
          }
          foreach(XmlTypeMapping map in maps)
          {
              codeExporter.ExportTypeMapping(map);
          }

          RemoveAttributes(codeNamespace);

          // Check for invalid characters in identifiers
          CodeGenerator.ValidateIdentifiers(codeNamespace);

          // output the C# code
          CSharpCodeProvider codeProvider = new CSharpCodeProvider();

          using(StringWriter writer = new StringWriter())
          {
              codeProvider.GenerateCodeFromNamespace(codeNamespace, writer, new CodeGeneratorOptions());
              Console.WriteLine(writer.GetStringBuilder().ToString());
          }

          Console.ReadLine();
      }

      // Remove all the attributes from each type in the CodeNamespace, except
      // System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute
      private void RemoveAttributes(CodeNamespace codeNamespace)
      {
          foreach(CodeTypeDeclaration codeType in codeNamespace.Types)
          {
              CodeAttributeDeclaration xmlTypeAttribute = null;
              foreach(CodeAttributeDeclaration codeAttribute in codeType.CustomAttributes)
              {
                  Console.WriteLine(codeAttribute.Name);
                  if(codeAttribute.Name == "System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute")
                  {
                      xmlTypeAttribute = codeAttribute;
                  }
              }
              codeType.CustomAttributes.Clear();
              if(xmlTypeAttribute != null)
              {
                  codeType.CustomAttributes.Add(xmlTypeAttribute);
              }
          }
      }
  }
}

Answer 5

XML 架构定义工具从 XDR、XML 和 XSD 文件或从运行时程序集中的类生成 XML 架构或公共语言运行时类。

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/x6c1kb0s(VS.71).aspx