“MyIdentityModels.User”违反了“TUser”类型的约束

Question

我正在尝试自定义 ASP.NET Identity Core，但出现以下异常：（它似乎构建得很好，但它甚至在启动之前就崩溃了）

Unhandled Exception: System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation. ---> System.ArgumentException: GenericArguments[0], 'Echap.Models.Models.Identity.User', on 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore`4[TUser,TRole,TContext,TKey]' violates the constraint of type 'TUser'. ---> System.TypeLoadException: GenericArguments[0], 'Echap.Models.Models.Identity.User', on 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore`9[TUser,TRole,TContext,TKey,TUserClaim,TUserRole,TUserLogin,TUserToken,TRoleClaim]' violates the constraint of type parameter 'TUser'.
   at System.RuntimeTypeHandle.Instantiate(RuntimeTypeHandle handle, IntPtr* pInst, Int32 numGenericArgs, ObjectHandleOnStack type)
   at System.RuntimeTypeHandle.Instantiate(Type[] inst)
   at System.RuntimeType.MakeGenericType(Type[] instantiation)
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.RuntimeType.ValidateGenericArguments(MemberInfo definition, RuntimeType[] genericArguments, Exception e)
   at System.RuntimeType.MakeGenericType(Type[] instantiation)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.IdentityEntityFrameworkBuilderExtensions.GetDefaultServices(Type userType, Type roleType, Type contextType, Type keyType)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.IdentityEntityFrameworkBuilderExtensions.AddEntityFrameworkStores[TContext,TKey](IdentityBuilder builder)
   at Echap.Startup.ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.RuntimeMethodHandle.InvokeMethod(Object target, Object[] arguments, Signature sig, Boolean constructor)
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.UnsafeInvokeInternal(Object obj, Object[] parameters, Object[] arguments)
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke(Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.ConfigureServicesBuilder.Invoke(Object instance, IServiceCollection exportServices)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost.EnsureApplicationServices()
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost.BuildApplication()
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.WebHostBuilder.Build()
   at Echap.Program.Main(String[] args)

据我所知，我做的一切都是正确的，为什么会这样？

public sealed class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<User, Role, int, UserClaim, UserRole, UserLogin, RoleClaim, UserToken>
{
    public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options) : base(options)
    {
        try
        {
            Database.EnsureCreated();
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
        }
    }

    public DbSet<Category> Categories { get; set; }
    public DbSet<CategoryService> CategoryServices { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Coating> Coatings { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Corner> Corners { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Order> Orders { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Press> Presses { get; set; }
    public DbSet<PressData> PressDatas { get; set; }
    public DbSet<PressService> PressServices { get; set; }
    public DbSet<PrintedSide> PrintedSides { get; set; }
    public DbSet<PrintSize> PrintSizes { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Quantity> Quantities { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Service> Services { get; set; }
    public DbSet<ServiceCoating> ServiceCoatings { get; set; }
    public DbSet<ServiceCorner> ServiceCorners { get; set; }
    public DbSet<ServicePrintedSide> ServicePrintedSides { get; set; }
    public DbSet<ServicePrintSize> ServicePrintSizes { get; set; }
    public DbSet<ServiceQuantity> ServiceQuantities { get; set; }


    protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);


        modelBuilder.Entity<User>().ToTable("Users");
        modelBuilder.Entity<Role>().ToTable("Roles");
        modelBuilder.Entity<UserRole>().ToTable("UserClaims");
        modelBuilder.Entity<UserRole>().ToTable("UserRoles");
        modelBuilder.Entity<UserLogin>().ToTable("UserLogins");
        modelBuilder.Entity<RoleClaim>().ToTable("RoleClaims");
        modelBuilder.Entity<UserToken>().ToTable("UserToken");
    }
}

这是我的用户类：

public class User : IdentityUser<int, UserClaim, UserRole, UserLogin>
{
    public User()
    {
        Presses = new List<Press>();
    }

    public string TestField { get; set; }

    public virtual ICollection<Press> Presses { get; set; }
}

这是我的角色类：

public class Role : IdentityRole<int, UserRole, RoleClaim> {}

这就是我在 Startup.cs 中添加身份的方式：

services.AddIdentity<User, Role>()
                .AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext, int>()
                .AddDefaultTokenProviders();

Answer 1

我通过进行以下更改设法解决了这个问题：

用户.cs

public class User : IdentityUser<int>

角色.cs

public class Role : IdentityRole<int> {}

ApplicationDbContext：

public sealed class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<User, Role, int>

也在ApplicationDbContext里面我加了：

modelBuilder.Entity<User>().ToTable("Users");
modelBuilder.Entity<Role>().ToTable("Roles");
modelBuilder.Entity<IdentityUserClaim<int>>().ToTable("UserClaims");
modelBuilder.Entity<IdentityUserRole<int>>().ToTable("UserRoles");
modelBuilder.Entity<IdentityUserLogin<int>>().ToTable("UserLogins");
modelBuilder.Entity<IdentityRoleClaim<int>>().ToTable("RoleClaims");
modelBuilder.Entity<IdentityUserToken<int>>().ToTable("UserToken");