启动基地失败！ /app/.local-chromium/Linux-706915/chrome-linux/chrome: ... libX11.so.6

Question

我有一个在 ASP.NET Core 3.1 上运行的 puppeteer-sharp 实例，它在本地运行良好。对于部署，它构建在 docker 容器中并部署到 K8 开发集群。 docker 容器构建良好，但应用程序在运行时失败，并在尝试使用 puppeteer-sharp 时出现错误 Failed to launch Base! /app/.local-chromium/Linux-706915/chrome-linux/chrome: error while loading shared libraries: libX11.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory。

从以下资源中，我拼凑了以下 dockerfile。我对 docker 还很陌生，所以想象一下配置有问题，但我愿意接受建议！

使用的资源：

• http://www.hardkoded.com/blog/puppeteer-sharp-docker
• https://techoverflow.net/2018/06/05/how-to-fix-puppetteer-error-while-loading-shared-libraries-libx11-xcb-so-1-cannot-open-shared-object-file-no-such-file-or-directory/
• Docker NodeJS Puppeteer@2.0.0 - How do fix Failed to launch chrome! issue (headless = false 没有效果)

Dockerfile：

#See https://aka.ms/containerfastmode to understand how Visual Studio uses this Dockerfile to build your images for faster debugging.

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:3.1-buster-slim AS base
WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443


FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:3.1-buster AS build
WORKDIR /src

#####################
#PUPPETEER RECIPE
#####################
# Install latest chrome dev package and fonts to support major charsets (Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, Hebrew, Thai and a few others)
# Note: this installs the necessary libs to make the bundled version of Chromium that Puppeteer
# installs, work.
ARG CHROME_VERSION="81.0.4044.138-1"
RUN apt-get update && apt-get -f install && apt-get -y install apt-utils wget gnupg2 
RUN apt-get -f install && apt-get -y install gconf-service libasound2 libatk1.0-0 libc6 libcairo2 libcups2 libdbus-1-3 libexpat1 libfontconfig1 libgcc1 libgconf-2-4 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libglib2.0-0 libgtk-3-0 libnspr4 libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libstdc++6 libx11-6 libx11-xcb1 libxcb1 libxcomposite1 libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxext6 libxfixes3 libxi6 libxrandr2 libxrender1 libxss1 libxtst6 ca-certificates fonts-liberation libappindicator1 libnss3 lsb-release xdg-utils
RUN wget --no-verbose -O /tmp/chrome.deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/pool/main/g/google-chrome-stable/google-chrome-stable_${CHROME_VERSION}_amd64.deb \
&& apt-get update \
&& apt-get install -y /tmp/chrome.deb --no-install-recommends --allow-downgrades \
&& rm /tmp/chrome.deb

# NOTE: REMOVED THIS WHILST DEBUGGING - D
# Add user, so we don't need --no-sandbox.
# same layer as npm install to keep re-chowned files from using up several hundred MBs more space    
#RUN groupadd -r pptruser && useradd -r -g pptruser -G audio,video pptruser \
    #&& mkdir -p /home/pptruser/Downloads \
    #&& chown -R pptruser:pptruser /home/pptruser
#
## Run everything after as non-privileged user.
#
#USER pptruser

ENV PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH "/usr/bin/google-chrome-unstable"

#####################
#END PUPPETEER RECIPE
#####################


COPY ["ProjectName.Core/ProjectName.Core.csproj", "ProjectName.Core/"]
RUN dotnet restore "ProjectName.Core/ProjectName.Core.csproj"
COPY . .
WORKDIR "/src/ProjectName.Core"
RUN dotnet build "ProjectName.Core.csproj" -c Release -o /app/build

FROM build AS publish
RUN dotnet publish "ProjectName.Core.csproj" -c Release -o /app/publish

FROM base AS final
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=publish /app/publish .
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "ProjectName.Core.dll"]

代码实现：

        public static async Task<Stream> GeneratePdfFromHtml(string html, List<string> styleUrls = null)
        {
            await new BrowserFetcher().DownloadAsync(BrowserFetcher.DefaultRevision);

            var browser = await Puppeteer.LaunchAsync(new LaunchOptions
            {
                Headless = true                
            });

            using (var page = await browser.NewPageAsync())
            {
                await page.SetContentAsync(html);

                if(styleUrls != null)
                    foreach (var url in styleUrls)
                    {
                        await page.AddStyleTagAsync(url);
                    }

                return await page.PdfStreamAsync();                
            }
        }

使用 Docker 的资源都针对 .NET Core 2.0，所以我不知道这是否与它有关。它在 Docker 环境之外运行良好的事实表明 .NET Core 版本不是问题，更有可能是 dockerfile 本身的一个步骤。

Answer 1

好吧，事实证明这是混合的。 dockerfile 需要重新排列，并且在没有沙箱的情况下效果最好。如您所见，原始代码是在中间映像上安装依赖项，而不是在 final/base 上。

由于某种原因，我无法让它在沙盒用户下正常工作，因此已将其删除。因此，需要更新实现以启用 --no-sandbox 参数。

这里是其他任何努力让 puppeteer-sharp 使用 .NET Core 3.1 的人的更新代码。

dockerfile

#See https://aka.ms/containerfastmode to understand how Visual Studio uses this Dockerfile to build your images for faster debugging.

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:3.1-buster-slim AS base
#####################
#PUPPETEER RECIPE
#####################
# Install latest chrome dev package and fonts to support major charsets (Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, Hebrew, Thai and a few others)
# Note: this installs the necessary libs to make the bundled version of Chromium that Puppeteer
# installs, work.
ARG CHROME_VERSION="81.0.4044.138-1"
RUN apt-get update && apt-get -f install && apt-get -y install wget gnupg2 apt-utils
RUN wget --no-verbose -O /tmp/chrome.deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/pool/main/g/google-chrome-stable/google-chrome-stable_${CHROME_VERSION}_amd64.deb \
&& apt-get update \
&& apt-get install -y /tmp/chrome.deb --no-install-recommends --allow-downgrades fonts-ipafont-gothic fonts-wqy-zenhei fonts-thai-tlwg fonts-kacst fonts-freefont-ttf \
&& rm /tmp/chrome.deb

ENV PUPPETEER_EXECUTABLE_PATH "/usr/bin/google-chrome"
#####################
#END PUPPETEER RECIPE
#####################

WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443


FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:3.1-buster AS build
WORKDIR /src


COPY ["ProjectName.Core/ProjectName.Core.csproj", "ProjectName.Core/"]
RUN dotnet restore "ProjectName.Core/ProjectName.Core.csproj"


COPY . .
WORKDIR "/src/ProjectName.Core"
RUN dotnet build "ProjectName.Core.csproj" -c Release -o /app/build

FROM build AS publish
RUN dotnet publish "ProjectName.Core.csproj" -c Release -o /app/publish

FROM base AS final
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=publish /app/publish .
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "ProjectName.Core.dll"]

实施

public static async Task<Stream> GeneratePdfFromHtml(string html, List<string> styleUrls = null)
{
    await new BrowserFetcher().DownloadAsync(BrowserFetcher.DefaultRevision);

    var browser = await Puppeteer.LaunchAsync(new LaunchOptions
    {
        Args = new[] { "--no-sandbox" },
        Headless = true                
    });

    using (var page = await browser.NewPageAsync())
    {
        await page.SetContentAsync(html);

        if(styleUrls != null)
            foreach (var url in styleUrls)
            {
                await page.AddStyleTagAsync(new AddTagOptions { Path = url });
            }

        return await page.PdfStreamAsync();                
    }
}

可能值得注意的是，puppeteer-sharp 的 docker 实现似乎也存在使用本地 url 查找样式表的问题（例如 localhost:1234/lib/bootsrap/bootsrap.min.css）。它只是永远挂起和旋转，因此将 AddStyleTagAsync() 更改为使用文件路径。别忘了，它位于 IHostingEnvironment.WebRootPath 下，为您节省了 google 搜索。

希望这对其他人有所帮助。毫无疑问，在不远的将来，它也会再次穿越我的道路！