C# 解析复杂的 XML LINQ

Question

我一直在尝试成功解析以下 XML 文件。

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Settings>
    <Tasks>
        <Task ID="1" Name="task_1" Active="1" NextEID="25" AR="0" CacheNames="random">
            <Schedules>
                <Schedule OnlyUntilFirstSuccess="0" FailIfNoSuccessInSched="0" RunEvenIfNotif="0">
                    <Days>
                        <DayOfWeek>Monday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Tuesday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Wednesday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Thursday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Friday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Saturday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Sunday</DayOfWeek>
                    </Days>
                    <Frequency>
                        <Interval StartTime="09:45" EndTime="09:45" EveryMinutes="0"></Interval>
                    </Frequency>
                </Schedule>
            </Schedules>
        </Task>
        <Task ID="2" Name="task_2" Active="1" NextEID="25" AR="0" CacheNames="random">
            <Schedules>
                <Schedule OnlyUntilFirstSuccess="0" FailIfNoSuccessInSched="0" RunEvenIfNotif="0">
                    <Days>
                        <DayOfWeek>Monday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Tuesday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Wednesday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Thursday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Friday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Saturday</DayOfWeek>
                        <DayOfWeek>Sunday</DayOfWeek>
                    </Days>
                    <Frequency>
                        <Interval StartTime="12:45" EndTime="09:45" EveryMinutes="0"></Interval>
                    </Frequency>
                </Schedule>
            </Schedules>
        </Task>
    </Tasks>
</Settings>

使用网上的几个教程，我拼凑了以下 C# 代码：

public static void ParseXml()
        {
            string strFile = "File.xml";

            XDocument xdoc = XDocument.Load(strFile);

            var tasks = from s in xdoc.Descendants("Tasks")
                        select new
                        {
                            taskID = s.Element("Task").Attribute("ID").Value,
                            taskName = s.Element("Task").Attribute("Name").Value,
                            taskActive = s.Element("Task").Attribute("Active").Value,
                            taskSchedule = s.Element("Task").Element("Schedules").Element("Schedule").Element("Days")
                        };

            foreach (var t in tasks)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Task Id :: {0}", t.taskID);
                Console.WriteLine("Task Name :: {0}", t.taskName);
                Console.WriteLine("Task Status :: {0}", t.taskActive);
                Console.WriteLine("Task Schedule :: {0}", t.taskSchedule);
            }

            Console.ReadKey();
        }

我的目标是解析出每个任务、任务 ID、名称、天数、频率。我希望最终能够使用这些值在散点图上绘制 TaskID 和 StartTime。我尝试创建以下类，认为它可以帮助我处理文件，但我不知道如何将它们联系在一起。

        public class Task
        {
            public static int taskId { get; set; }
            public static string taskName { get; set; }
        }

        public class Schedule
        {
            public enum DayOfWeek
            {
                Monday,
                Tuesday,
                Wednsday,
                Thursday,
                Friday,
                Saturday,
                Sunday
            }
        }

        public class Frequency
        {
            public static DateTime startTime { get; set; }
            public static DateTime endTime { get; set; }
            public static int everyMins { get; set; }
        }

任何帮助/方向将不胜感激。如果您有解决方案，请不要发布解决方案。请解释一下，以便我可以从中学习并在未来为这个社区做出贡献。

谢谢！ 加布

Answer 1

首先，您需要根据源 XML 构建类。所以有一个Settings 类，其中有Tasks 等等。像这样的东西。当然，我还没有输入所有 XML 属性。但你应该明白要点。您需要 [XMLAttribute] 属性来装饰表示 XML 属性的属性。此外，所有属性名称都区分大小写。所以请确保它们匹配（ID 而不是 Id）。不过，有一些方法可以解决这个问题：

    public class Settings
    {
        public List<Task> Tasks { get; set; }
    }

    public class Task
    {
        [XmlAttribute]
        public int ID { get; set; }

        [XmlAttribute]
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public List<Schedule> Schedules { get; set; }

    }

    public class Schedule
    {
        [XmlAttribute]
        public string OnlyUntilFirstSuccess { get; set; }
        public List<DayOfWeek> Days { get; set; }
        public Frequency Frequency { get; set; }

    }
    public class Frequency
    {
        public Interval Interval { get; set; }
    }

    public class Interval
    {
        [XmlAttribute]
        public string StartTime { get; set; }
        [XmlAttribute]
        public string EndTime { get; set; }
        [XmlAttribute]
        public int EveryMins { get; set; }
    }

然后您可以使用XmlSerializer 将 XML 序列化到您的类。所以你的ParseXml() 方法应该是这样的：

    public static void ParseXml()
    {
        string fileName = "File.xml";
        XDocument xdoc = XDocument.Load(fileName);
        using (TextReader reader = new StringReader(xdoc.ToString()))
        {
            try
            {
                var settings = (Settings)new XmlSerializer(typeof(Settings)).Deserialize(reader);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                // Handle exceptions as you see fit
            }
        }
    }

其他需要注意的事项：不要命名变量 strxxxxx 来表示它们是字符串，标准约定是公共变量名称以大写字母开头。 此外，您还需要以下内容：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Xml.Serialization;