【发布时间】:2021-10-08 09:58:28
【问题描述】:
如何处理这个问题?
定义:
protocol NameProtocol {
var rawValue: String { get }
}
struct CatName: NameProtocol {
enum CatNamesEnum: String {
case Tiger, Max, Sam
}
var literal: CatNamesEnum
var rawValue: String {
literal.rawValue
}
}
struct DogName: NameProtocol {
enum DogNamesEnum: String {
case Jack, Toby, Sadie
}
var literal: DogNamesEnum
var rawValue: String {
literal.rawValue
}
}
定义:
protocol AnimalProtocol {
associatedtype Name: NameProtocol
var name: Name { get }
func cry() -> String
}
class Cat: AnimalProtocol {
var name: CatName
func cry() -> String {
return "meow, I am \(name.rawValue)"
}
init(name: CatName) {
self.name = name
}
// some other cat actions...
}
class Dog: AnimalProtocol {
var name: DogName
func cry() -> String {
return "bark, I am \(name.rawValue)"
}
init(name: DogName) {
self.name = name
}
// some other dog actions...
}
以上代码是一些定义代码结构,请勿修改。
下面的函数有一些问题:
- 带有
asccociatedtype的协议不能是字典值类型。 - 具有不透明返回类型的函数无法返回某些不同类型的扩展相同协议。
// <1>
// Error: Protocol 'AnimalProtocol' can only be used as a generic constraint because it has Self or associated type requirements
let animals: [String: AnimalProtocol] = [
"cat": Cat(name: CatName(literal: .Sam)),
"dog": Dog(name: DogName(literal: .Jack))
// ...
// maybe a lot of animals
]
for (animal, entity) in animals {
print("\(animal): \(entity.cry())")
}
// <2>
// Error: Function declares an opaque return type, but the return statements in its body do not have matching underlying types
func animalCry(animal: String) -> some AnimalProtocol {
switch animal {
case "cat":
return Cat(name: CatName(literal: .Sam))
default:
return Dog(name: DogName(literal: .Toby))
}
}
有什么解决办法吗? 或列表中不同类型(嵌入泛型类型)的最佳实践。
【问题讨论】:
标签: swift generics swift-protocols associated-types