解码包含布尔值的枚举

Question

我有这个 JSON 文件。

[
    {
        "name": "January",
        "holidays": [
            {
                "name": "New Year's Day",
                "date": "2019-01-01T00:00:00-0500",
                "type": {
                    "isNationalHoliday": true,
                    "isRegionalHoliday": true,
                    "isPublicHoliday": true,
                    "isGovernmentHoliday": true
                }
            },
            {
                "name": "Martin Luther King Day",
                "date": "2019-01-21T00:00:00-0500",
                "type": {
                    "isNationalHoliday": true,
                    "isRegionalHoliday": true,
                    "isPublicHoliday": true,
                    "isGovernmentHoliday": true
                }
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "name": "February",
        "holidays": [
            {
                "name": "Presidents' Day",
                "date": "2019-02-18T00:00:00-0500",
                "type": {
                    "isNationalHoliday": false,
                    "isRegionalHoliday": true,
                    "isPublicHoliday": false,
                    "isGovernmentHoliday": false
                }
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "name": "March",
        "holidays": null
    }
]

我创建了一个 Month 结构来解码 JSON 中的字典。

public struct Month {
    public let name: String
    public let holidays: [Holiday]?
}

extension Month: Decodable { }

还有一个 Year 结构来包含它们。

public struct Year {
    public let months: [Month]
}

extension Year: Decodable {
    public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
        let values = try container.decode([Month].self)

        months = values
    }
}

我的Holiday 结构有点复杂，因为有一个名为HolidayType 的枚举，我想在其中解码JSON 中type 字段下的值。

public struct Holiday {
    public let name: String
    public let date: Date
    public let type: HolidayType
}

extension Holiday: Decodable { }

public enum HolidayType {
    case isNationalHoliday
    case isRegionalHoliday
    case isPublicHoliday
    case isGovernmentHoliday

    enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
        case isNationalHoliday
        case isRegionalHoliday
        case isPublicHoliday
        case isGovernmentHoliday
    }
}

extension HolidayType: Decodable {
    public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
        self = try container.decode(HolidayType.self, forKey: .isNationalHoliday)
        self = try container.decode(HolidayType.self, forKey: .isRegionalHoliday)
        self = try container.decode(HolidayType.self, forKey: .isPublicHoliday)
        self = try container.decode(HolidayType.self, forKey: .isGovernmentHoliday)
    }
}

这是我加载文件和解码的地方。

if let url = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "holidays", withExtension: "json") {
    do {
        let data = try Data(contentsOf: url)
        let decoder = JSONDecoder()
        decoder.dateDecodingStrategy = .iso8601
        let year = try decoder.decode(Year.self, from: data)
        print(year.months)
    } catch let error {
        print("Error occurred decoding JSON: \(error)")
    }
} else {
    print("Error occurred loading file")
}

但它失败并出现以下错误。

typeMismatch(Swift.Dictionary, Swift.DecodingError.Context(codingPath: [_JSONKey(stringValue: "索引 0", intValue: 0), CodingKeys(stringValue: "holidays", intValue: nil), _JSONKey(stringValue: "Index 0", intValue: 0), CodingKeys(stringValue: "type", intValue: nil), CodingKeys(stringValue: "isNationalHoliday", intValue: nil)], debugDescription: "预计解码 字典但找到了一个数字。”，基础错误： 无））

我不知道如何解决这个问题。我还上传了一个演示项目here。

Answer 1

"isNationalHoliday", intValue: nil)], debugDescription: "本应解码 Dictionary 但找到了一个数字。", underlyingError: nil))

isNationalHoliday 是 bool 值而不是枚举类型，isRegionalHoliday, isPublicHoliday, isGovernmentHoliday 以此类推

你需要

// MARK: - Element
struct Root: Codable {
    let name: String
    let holidays: [Holiday]?
}

// MARK: - Holiday
struct Holiday: Codable {
    let name: String
    let date: Date
    let type: TypeClass
}

// MARK: - TypeClass
struct TypeClass: Codable {
    let isNationalHoliday, isRegionalHoliday, isPublicHoliday, isGovernmentHoliday: Bool
}

---

let year = try decoder.decode([Root].self, from: data)

Answer 2

您不能使用枚举来表示多个布尔值。如果你想保持你的类型不变，我建议使用带有自定义解码的OptionSet：

struct Year: Decodable {
    let months: [Month]

    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
        months = try container.decode([Month].self)
    }
}

struct Month: Decodable {
    let name: String
    let holidays: [Holiday]?
}

struct Holiday: Decodable {
    let name: String
    let date: Date
    let type: HolidayType
}

struct HolidayType: OptionSet, Decodable {
    let rawValue: Int

    static let national = HolidayType(rawValue: 1 << 0)
    static let regional = HolidayType(rawValue: 1 << 1)
    static let `public` = HolidayType(rawValue: 1 << 2)
    static let government = HolidayType(rawValue: 1 << 3)

    init(rawValue: Int) {
        self.rawValue = rawValue
    }

    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
        self = try CodingKeys.allCases
            .filter { try container.decode(Bool.self, forKey: $0) }
            .map { $0.type }
            .reduce([] as HolidayType) { $0.union($1) }
    }

    private enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey, CaseIterable {
        case isNationalHoliday
        case isRegionalHoliday
        case isPublicHoliday
        case isGovernmentHoliday

        var type: HolidayType {
            switch self {
            case .isNationalHoliday:
                return .national
            case .isRegionalHoliday:
                return .regional
            case .isPublicHoliday:
                return .public
            case .isGovernmentHoliday:
                return .government
            }
        }
    }
}

或者，您可以使用计算变量转换您的类型，而不是自定义解析：

struct Holiday: Decodable {
    let name: String
    let date: Date
    private let type: HolidayTypeHolder
    var types: [HolidayType] {
        return type.types
    }
}

enum HolidayType: String {
    case national, regional, `public`, `government`
}

private struct HolidayTypeHolder: Decodable {
    let isNationalHoliday, isRegionalHoliday, isPublicHoliday, isGovernmentHoliday: Bool

    var types: [HolidayType] {
        var types: [HolidayType] = []
        if isNationalHoliday {
            types.append(.national)
        }
        if isRegionalHoliday {
            types.append(.regional)
        }
        if isPublicHoliday {
            types.append(.public)
        }
        if isGovernmentHoliday {
            types.append(.government)
        }

        return types
    }
}