twitteR 返回的推文被缩短

Question

我正在使用R 的twitteR 包来收集一些推文。但是，我注意到searchTwitter 函数返回的推文文本不是完整的推文文本，而是被删减到正好等于 140 个字符，其余文本被网络上推文的链接替换。

以我找到的一条推文为例：

require(twitteR)
require(ROAuth)

# authorize twitter with consmuer and access key/secret
setup_twitter_oauth(AAA, BBB, CCC, DDD)   # actual secret codes go here...

# get sample tweet
tweet <- searchTwitter("When I was driving around earlier this afternoon I only saw two Hunters",
                       n=500,
                       since = "2017-11-04",
                       until = "2017-11-05",
                       retryOnRateLimit=5000)

# print tweet
tweet[[1]]
[1] "_TooCrazyFox_: When I was driving around earlier this afternoon I only saw two Hunters but it was during the midday break. I didn'… *SHORTENEDURL*"
# the *SHORTENEDURL* is actually a link that brings you to the tweet; stackoverflow didn't want me to a put shortened urls in here

# convert to data frame
df <- twListToDF(tweet)

# output text and ID
df$text
[1] "When I was driving around earlier this afternoon I only saw two Hunters but it was during the midday break. I didn'… *SHORTENEDURL*"

df$id
[1] "926943636641763328"

如果我go to this tweet via my web browser，很明显twitteR 将文本缩短为 140 个字符，并包含指向包含整个文本的推文的链接。

我在twitteR 文档中没有看到任何提及。有没有办法在搜索过程中保留整个推文文本？

我的假设是这与此处引用的 Twitter 字符长度的变化有关：https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/tweets/tweet-updates（在“兼容模式 JSON 渲染”中）。这意味着我需要检索 full_text 字段，而不是 text 字段。但是，这似乎不是由twitteR 提供的。

Answer 1

twitteR package is in process of being deprecated。您应该改用rtweet。

您可以下载rtweet from CRAN，但目前我建议从 Github 下载开发版。默认情况下，开发版将返回推文的全文。它还将返回转发或引用状态的完整原始文本。

要从 Github 安装最新版本的 rtweet，请使用 devtools 包。

## install newest version of rtweet
if (!requireNamespace("devtools", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("devtools")
}
devtools::install_github("mkearney/rtweet")

安装后，加载 rtweet 包。

## load rtweet
library(rtweet)

rtweet 有一个专用的package documentation website。它包括obtaining and using Twitter API access tokens 上的一个小插曲。如果您按照小插图中的步骤操作，则只需 [每台机器] 完成一次授权过程。

要搜索推文，请使用search_tweets() 函数。

# get sample tweet
rt <- search_tweets(
  "When I was driving around earlier this afternoon I only saw two Hunters",
  n = 500
)

打印输出（一个 tbl 数据框）。

> rt
# A tibble: 1 x 42
           status_id          created_at    user_id   screen_name
               <chr>              <dttm>      <chr>         <chr>
1 926943636641763328 2017-11-04 22:45:59 3652909394 _TooCrazyFox_
# ... with 38 more variables: text <chr>, source <chr>,
#   reply_to_status_id <chr>, reply_to_user_id <chr>,
#   reply_to_screen_name <chr>, is_quote <lgl>, is_retweet <lgl>,
#   favorite_count <int>, retweet_count <int>, hashtags <list>, symbols <list>,
#   urls_url <list>, urls_t.co <list>, urls_expanded_url <list>,
#   media_url <list>, media_t.co <list>, media_expanded_url <list>,
#   media_type <list>, ext_media_url <list>, ext_media_t.co <list>,
#   ext_media_expanded_url <list>, ext_media_type <lgl>,
#   mentions_user_id <list>, mentions_screen_name <list>, lang <chr>,
#   quoted_status_id <chr>, quoted_text <chr>, retweet_status_id <chr>,
#   retweet_text <chr>, place_url <chr>, place_name <chr>,
#   place_full_name <chr>, place_type <chr>, country <chr>, country_code <chr>,
#   geo_coords <list>, coords_coords <list>, bbox_coords <list>

打印推文文本（全文）。

> rt$text
[1] "When I was driving around earlier this afternoon I only saw two Hunters but it was during the midday break. I didn't have my camera otherwise I would have taken some photos of the standing corn fields in the snow. I'll do it later., maybe tomorrow.\n#harvest17"

要按 ID 查找 Twitter 状态，请使用 lookup_statuses() 函数。

## lookup tweet
tweet <- lookup_statuses("926943636641763328")

打印推文文本。

> tweet$text
[1] "When I was driving around earlier this afternoon I only saw two Hunters but it was during the midday break. I didn't have my camera otherwise I would have taken some photos of the standing corn fields in the snow. I'll do it later., maybe tomorrow.\n#harvest17"