Spring：多个缓存管理器

Question

我在实现第二个缓存管理器时遇到问题。目前我正在使用 EhCache，它工作正常。另外，我想实现Java Simple Cache。

我的CacheConfiguration 看起来像这样：

CacheConfiguration.java

@Configuration
@EnableCaching
@AutoConfigureAfter(value = { MetricsConfiguration.class })
@AutoConfigureBefore(value = { WebConfigurer.class, DatabaseConfiguration.class })
public class CacheConfiguration {

    private final javax.cache.configuration.Configuration<Object, Object> jcacheConfiguration;

    public CacheConfiguration(JHipsterProperties jHipsterProperties) {
        JHipsterProperties.Cache.Ehcache ehcache =
            jHipsterProperties.getCache().getEhcache();

        jcacheConfiguration = Eh107Configuration.fromEhcacheCacheConfiguration(
            CacheConfigurationBuilder.newCacheConfigurationBuilder(Object.class, Object.class,
                ResourcePoolsBuilder.heap(ehcache.getMaxEntries()))
                .withExpiry(Expirations.timeToLiveExpiration(Duration.of(ehcache.getTimeToLiveSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS)))
                .build());
    }

    /**
     * EhCache configuration
     * 
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    @Primary
    public JCacheManagerCustomizer cacheManagerCustomizer() {
        return cm -> {          
            cm.createCache(com.david.coinlender.domain.News.class.getName(), jcacheConfiguration);
            
    // ...More caches
    }
    
    /**
     * Java Simple Cache configuration
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    @Qualifier("simpleCacheManager")
    public CacheManager simpleCacheManager() {
        
        SimpleCacheManager simpleCacheManager = new SimpleCacheManager();       
        simpleCacheManager.setCaches(Arrays.asList(new ConcurrentMapCache("bitfinexAuthCache")));
        
        return simpleCacheManager;
        
    }
}

使用简单缓存我想缓存对象。即：

@Cacheable(cacheManager = "simpleCacheManager", cacheNames = "bitfinexAuthCache", key = "#apiKey.apiKey")
private Exchange createBitfinexAuthenticatedExchange(ApiKeys apiKey) {
    
    ExchangeSpecification exSpec = new BitfinexExchange().getDefaultExchangeSpecification();
    exSpec.setApiKey(apiKey.getApiKey());
    exSpec.setSecretKey(apiKey.getSecret());
    
    Exchange bfx = ExchangeFactory.INSTANCE.createExchange(BitfinexExchange.class.getName());
    bfx.applySpecification(exSpec);
    
    return bfx;
}

但是，在服务器启动时，liquibase 给我一个错误说明：

Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: All Hibernate caches should be created upfront. Please update CacheConfiguration.java to add com.david.coinlender.domain.News
at io.github.jhipster.config.jcache.NoDefaultJCacheRegionFactory.createCache(NoDefaultJCacheRegionFactory.java:37)
at org.hibernate.cache.jcache.JCacheRegionFactory.getOrCreateCache(JCacheRegionFactory.java:190)
at org.hibernate.cache.jcache.JCacheRegionFactory.buildEntityRegion(JCacheRegionFactory.java:113)
at org.hibernate.cache.spi.RegionFactory.buildEntityRegion(RegionFactory.java:132)
at org.hibernate.internal.CacheImpl.determineEntityRegionAccessStrategy(CacheImpl.java:439)
at org.hibernate.metamodel.internal.MetamodelImpl.initialize(MetamodelImpl.java:120)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:297)
at org.hibernate.boot.internal.SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.build(SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.java:445)
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:889)
... 25 common frames omitted

我正在为我的应用程序使用 Jhipster 框架。我在谷歌上搜索了这个问题几个小时，但还没有找到解决方案。

这个错误是因为配置错误吗？有人可以指出我正确的方向吗？

Answer 1

在JHipster（我做了代码）中，实际上有两层缓存。你有 Spring Cache 和 Hibernate 二级缓存。两者都使用相同的实际 Ehcache CacheManager。

在您的情况下，您已将 Ehcache 替换为 Spring 的简单缓存。但是由于 NoDefaultJCacheRegionFactory 仍然在 Hibernate 上配置，所以它仍然是 Ehcache 用于 Hibernate。但是不再使用定制器。所以它失败了。

您希望为 Spring 提供一个简单的缓存，为 Hibernate 提供一个 Ehcache。这意味着实际上不需要在 Spring 中为 Ehcache 注册 bean。

最简单的方法是执行以下操作。

首先，在DatabaseConfiguration中配置Ehcache。所以当hibernate JCache工厂检索它时，它会被正确配置。

public DatabaseConfiguration(Environment env, JHipsterProperties jHipsterProperties) {
    this.env = env;

    JHipsterProperties.Cache.Ehcache ehcache =
        jHipsterProperties.getCache().getEhcache();

    CachingProvider provider = Caching.getCachingProvider();
    javax.cache.CacheManager cacheManager = provider.getCacheManager();

    javax.cache.configuration.Configuration<Object, Object> jcacheConfiguration = Eh107Configuration.fromEhcacheCacheConfiguration(
        CacheConfigurationBuilder.newCacheConfigurationBuilder(Object.class, Object.class,
            ResourcePoolsBuilder.heap(ehcache.getMaxEntries()))
            .withExpiry(Expirations.timeToLiveExpiration(Duration.of(ehcache.getTimeToLiveSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS)))
            .build());

    cacheManager.createCache(com.mycompany.myapp.domain.User.class.getName(), jcacheConfiguration);
    cacheManager.createCache(com.mycompany.myapp.domain.Authority.class.getName(), jcacheConfiguration);
    cacheManager.createCache(com.mycompany.myapp.domain.User.class.getName() + ".authorities", jcacheConfiguration);
}

然后，配置 Spring Cache。

public class CacheConfiguration {

    public CacheConfiguration() {
    }

    @Bean
    public CacheManager cacheManager() {
        SimpleCacheManager cacheManager = new SimpleCacheManager();
        Collection<Cache> caches = Arrays.asList(
            new ConcurrentMapCache("mycache")
            // ...
        ); 
        cacheManager.setCaches(caches);
        return cacheManager;
    }
}

Answer 2

@EnableCaching Doc

对于那些希望在 @EnableCaching 和要使用的确切缓存管理器 bean 之间建立更直接关系的人，可以实现 CachingConfigurer 回调接口。注意下面@Override 注释的方法：

还有一个使用 CachingConfigurer 并采用在 JCacheCacheConfiguration 上实施的方法的替代方法。

1- 在CacheConfiguration 类中实现CachingConfigurer 接口。一种选择是从JCacheConfigurerSupport 扩展。

public class CustomCacheConfiguration extends JCacheConfigurerSupport {

2- 创建默认的cacheManager bean，因为 bean 是通过CachingConfigurer 配置的，它将作为默认的cacheManager 检索，在这种情况下，它可以被休眠二级缓存使用，对于这种方法cacheManagerCustomizer 将只是一种方法。像这样：

   @Bean
    @Override
    public CacheManager cacheManager() {
        javax.cache.CacheManager jCacheCacheManager = createCacheManager();
        cacheManagerCustomizer().customize(jCacheCacheManager);
        return new JCacheCacheManager(jCacheCacheManager);
    }

    private javax.cache.CacheManager createCacheManager()  {
        CachingProvider cachingProvider = Caching.getCachingProvider();
        return cachingProvider.getCacheManager();
    }

    private JCacheManagerCustomizer cacheManagerCustomizer() {
        return cm -> {

            cm.createCache(org.demo.app.domain.User.class.getName(), jcacheConfiguration);
        ......

      };
}

3- 创建simpleCacheManager bean

@Bean("simpleCacheManager")
    public SimpleCacheManager simpleCacheManager() {
        SimpleCacheManager simpleCacheManager = new SimpleCacheManager();
        simpleCacheManager.setCaches(Arrays.asList(new ConcurrentMapCache("bitfinexAuthCache")));

        return simpleCacheManager;

    }

4. 为了定义将使用哪个cacheManager，然后通过@Cacheable(cacheManager = "simpleCacheManager", cacheNames = "bitfinexAuthCache")定义它

这里是CacheConfiguration的完整定制。

@Configuration
@EnableCaching
@AutoConfigureAfter(value = { MetricsConfiguration.class })
@AutoConfigureBefore(value = { WebConfigurer.class, DatabaseConfiguration.class})
public class CacheConfiguration extends JCacheConfigurerSupport {

    private final javax.cache.configuration.Configuration<Object, Object> jcacheConfiguration;


    public CustomCacheConfiguration(JHipsterProperties jHipsterProperties) {
        JHipsterProperties.Cache.Ehcache ehcache =
            jHipsterProperties.getCache().getEhcache();




        jcacheConfiguration = Eh107Configuration.fromEhcacheCacheConfiguration(
            CacheConfigurationBuilder.newCacheConfigurationBuilder(Object.class, Object.class,
                ResourcePoolsBuilder.heap(ehcache.getMaxEntries()))
                .withExpiry(Expirations.timeToLiveExpiration(Duration.of(ehcache.getTimeToLiveSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS)))
                .build());
    }


    @Bean
    @Override
    public CacheManager cacheManager() {
        javax.cache.CacheManager jCacheCacheManager = createCacheManager();
        cacheManagerCustomizer().customize(jCacheCacheManager);
        return new JCacheCacheManager(jCacheCacheManager);
    }

    private javax.cache.CacheManager createCacheManager()  {
        CachingProvider cachingProvider = Caching.getCachingProvider();
        return cachingProvider.getCacheManager();
    }


    private JCacheManagerCustomizer cacheManagerCustomizer() {
        return cm -> {

            cm.createCache(org.demo.app.domain.User.class.getName(), jcacheConfiguration);
            cm.createCache(org.demo.app.domain.Authority.class.getName(), jcacheConfiguration);
            cm.createCache(org.demo.app.domain.User.class.getName() + ".authorities", jcacheConfiguration);
            cm.createCache(org.demo.app.domain.Company.class.getName(), jcacheConfiguration);
            //cm.createCache(org.demo.app.domain.News.class.getName(), jcacheConfiguration);

        };
    }

    @Bean("simpleCacheManager")
    public SimpleCacheManager simpleCacheManager() {
        SimpleCacheManager simpleCacheManager = new SimpleCacheManager();
        simpleCacheManager.setCaches(Arrays.asList(new ConcurrentMapCache("bitfinexAuthCache")));

        return simpleCacheManager;

    }

}