无法将 DTO 注入 Spring 存储库

【问题标题】：Not able to inject DTO into spring repository无法将 DTO 注入 Spring 存储库
【发布时间】：2021-05-31 23:29:47
【问题描述】：

我有一个要求，我必须使用 DTO 从表（假设是员工）中获取所需的详细信息，该表有很多列，但只需要获取几列我想要创建具有所需列数的 DTO从员工表中，并将使用 DTO 和 JPA 从员工表中获取不同的员工 DOB，我创建了一个 DTO 类并将其映射到存储库，但面临问题“通过构造函数参数 0 表示的不满足的依赖关系”。 我正在使用本机查询从员工那里获取不同的 empdob，但看起来从查询调用构造函数的方式有问题。

员工 DTO：-

public class EmpInfoDTO {
    
    private String empDob;
    
    public EmpInfoDTO(String empDob) {
        this.empDob = empDob;
    }

    /*** @return the empDob */
    public String getEmpDob() {
        return empDob;
    }

    /*** @param empDob the empDob to set*/
    public void setEmpDob(String empDob) {
        this.empDob = empDob;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "EmpInfoDTO" 
                + "empDob='" + getEmpDob() + "'"
                + "}";
    }

存储库：-

import com.domain.EmpInfoDTO;

@SuppressWarnings("unused")
@Repository
public interface EmpInfoRepository extends JpaRepository<EmpInfoDTO, String>{
    
    @Query(value = "SELECT DISTINCT new com.domain.EmpInfoDTO(emp.empDob) FROM Employee emp"
            + "WHERE emp.empDob BETWEEN TO_CHAR(SYSDATE-60,'yyyy-mm-dd') AND TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'yyyy-mm-dd') ORDER BY emp.empDob DESC", nativeQuery = true)   
    List < EmpInfoDTO > findDistinctEmpDob();
}

资源：-

import com.domain.EmpInfoDTO;
import com.repository.EmpInfoRepository;
import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/Emp")
public class EmpInfoResource {
    
    private final EmpInfoRepository empInfoRepository;
    
    public EmpInfoResource(EmpInfoRepository empInfoRepository) {
        this.empInfoRepository = empInfoRepository;
    }
    
    @GetMapping("/EmpDate/")
    @Timed
    public List<EmpInfoDTO> getDistinctEmpDob() {           
        List<EmpInfoDTO> empDateList = null;        
        empDateList = empInfoRepository.findDistinctEmpDob();            
        return empDateList;       
    }
}

我已经调试了所有的可能性，但仍然无法弄清楚这里出了什么问题..

堆栈跟踪：-

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'empInfoResource' defined in file [..rest\EmpInfoResource.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'empInfoRepository': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Not a managed type: class com.domain.EmpInfoDTO
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:769) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:218) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1308) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1154) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:538) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:498) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:320) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:318) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:846) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:863) ~[spring-context-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:546) ~[spring-context-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:142) ~[spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:775) [spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397) [spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:316) [spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1260) [spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1248) [spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
    at com.Application.main(Application.java:12) [classes/:na]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_202]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_202]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_202]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_202]
    at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) [spring-boot-devtools-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'empInfoRepository': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Not a managed type: class com.domain.EmpInfoDTO
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1745) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:576) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:498) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:320) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:318) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:277) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1244) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1164) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:857) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:760) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    ... 24 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Not a managed type: class com.domain.EmpInfoDTO
    at org.hibernate.metamodel.internal.MetamodelImpl.managedType(MetamodelImpl.java:472) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.10.Final.jar:5.2.10.Final]
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.JpaMetamodelEntityInformation.<init>(JpaMetamodelEntityInformation.java:74) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:2.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.JpaEntityInformationSupport.getEntityInformation(JpaEntityInformationSupport.java:66) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:2.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.JpaRepositoryFactory.getEntityInformation(JpaRepositoryFactory.java:188) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:2.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.JpaRepositoryFactory.getTargetRepository(JpaRepositoryFactory.java:139) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:2.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.JpaRepositoryFactory.getTargetRepository(JpaRepositoryFactory.java:123) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:2.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.JpaRepositoryFactory.getTargetRepository(JpaRepositoryFactory.java:64) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:2.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport.getRepository(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:305) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:2.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.lambda$afterPropertiesSet$5(RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.java:297) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:2.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.util.Lazy.getNullable(Lazy.java:211) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:2.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.util.Lazy.get(Lazy.java:94) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:2.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.afterPropertiesSet(RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.java:300) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:2.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.JpaRepositoryFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(JpaRepositoryFactoryBean.java:119) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:2.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1804) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1741) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
    ... 35 common frames omitted

【问题讨论】：

  • 不是托管类型可能是一个提示，您应该使用 @Entity 注释您的实体（而不是 DTO！）。
  • 我必须将它用作 DTO，因此不要在 DTO 类上添加注释

标签： java spring-boot java-8 spring-data-jpa


【解决方案1】：

您只能为托管类型创建 Spring Data JPA 存储库。为了让其余代码正常工作，EmpInfoDTO 需要一个 @Entity 注释以使其成为托管类型。

或者，您可以将List &lt; EmpInfoDTO &gt; findDistinctEmpDob() 添加到EmployeeRepository 中，我假设实体Employee 存在该Employee

【讨论】：

  • 感谢 Jens 的回复，如果您能看到我的存储库，我已经在存储库中添加了 List findDistinctEmpDob()。
  • 是的，但是在一个不可能工作的存储库中。只要EmpInfoDTO 不是实体。
【解决方案2】：

我可以通过关注JPA entity without underlying table 来解决它，这个链接需要添加一些映射，它解决了这个问题。

【讨论】：

    【解决方案3】：

    你唯一需要改变的是Employee的第一个参数。

    // @Repository THIS CAN BE REMOVED
public interface EmpInfoRepository extends JpaRepository<Employee, String>{

    顺便说一句。扩展 JpaRepository 的接口不需要注解

    【讨论】：

    • 我无法理解这个Employee在这里代表什么，你的意思是说我需要在这里发送表名 public interface EmpInfoRepository extends JpaRepository{
    • 你必须有一个实体类Employee，对吧？否则构造函数表达式查询根本不起作用
    • 得到了西蒙，我能够修复它。
    • 如果我的回答有帮助，请采纳我的回答。谢谢
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