从具有嵌套不一致结构的 XML 中读取数据

Question

源 XML 数据 -

<EntityType Name="WorkItem">
   <Property Name="WorkItemId" Type="Edm.Int32" Nullable="false">
      <Annotation Term="Ref.ReferenceName" String="System.Id" />
      <Annotation Term="Display.DisplayName" String="Work Item Id" />
   </Property>
   <Property Name="InProgressDate" Type="Edm.DateTimeOffset">
      <Annotation Term="Display.DisplayName" String="InProgress Date" />
   </Property>
   <Property Name="InProgressDateSK" Type="Edm.Int32" />
   <Property Name="CompletedDateSK" Type="Edm.Int32" />
</EntityType>

所需的输出如下所示或至少以列格式。如果输出的格式不完全低于所示的标题格式，则可以，但在调整代码以获取列格式的结果时寻求帮助

我尝试了什么 -

Select-Xml -Path D:\Temp\meta.xml -XPath '/EntityType/Property' | ForEach-Object { $_.Node.Name, $_.Node.Type, $_.node.Annotation } 

还有

Select-Xml -Path D:\Temp\meta.xml -XPath '/EntityType/Property' | select -ExpandProperty Node

Answer 1

首先，我会找到设计该 XML 模式的人，并向他们提供 XML 操作指南。这是一个可怕的架构设计。

其次，我可能会像下面这样处理 XML。将文件转换为 XML 文档，然后遍历每个节点。由于 Powershell 输出对象属性的方式，我们必须跟踪注释列。

# Get the XML file as a raw string, and then convert it to an XML Document with the [xml] type accellerator
[xml]$xml = Get-Content D:\Temp\meta.xml -Raw

# This is for tracking the columns we use. These two columns are always present
$Columns = 'Name', 'Type'

$Results = foreach ($node in $xml.EntityType.Property) {
    # Create a hashtable with a key and value for each column
    $Record = @{
        Name = $node.Name
        Type = $node.Type
    }

    # Add a key and value for each column from the annotation
    foreach ($Annotation in $node.Annotation) {
        $Record[$Annotation.Term] = $Annotation.String

        # If we haven't seen this column before, note it so we can output it later
        if ($Annotation.Term -notin $Columns) {
            $Columns += $Annotation.Term
        }
    }

    # Convert the hashtable record to a custom object and save them all to results
    [PSCustomObject]$Record
}

# Output the results using the dynamic list of columns we found
$Results | Select-Object -Property $Columns

这让我得到了输出：

Name             Type               Ref.ReferenceName Display.DisplayName
----             ----               ----------------- -------------------
WorkItemId       Edm.Int32          System.Id         Work Item Id
InProgressDate   Edm.DateTimeOffset                   InProgress Date
InProgressDateSK Edm.Int32
CompletedDateSK  Edm.Int32