如何使用 powershell 将 xlsx 文件转换为 csv 文件？

Question

如何使用 Powershell 将 xlsx 文件转换为 csv 文件并为每个单元格添加双引号？

我需要将很多文件从 .xlsx 转换为 csv。 除此之外，每个单元格都必须用双引号引起来，并且必须添加分号分隔符。

我制作了一个 VBA 脚本来执行从 .xlsx 到 .csv 的转换并添加双引号，但每个文件最多需要几个小时。

我希望使用 powershell 会更快。

有人知道如何在 Powershell 中重写此功能吗？

非常感谢您的帮助！

我在 VBA 中的做法：

Sub ConvertToCSV()
 Dim DestFile As String
 Dim FileNum As Integer
 Dim ColumnCount As Integer
 Dim RowCount As Long
 Dim StrFile As String


Application.ScreenUpdating = False

StrFile = Dir("C:\Users\example\*PLZ*")

Do While Len(StrFile) > 0

        Workbooks.Open ("C:\Users\example\" & StrFile)

            Range("A1").Select
            Selection.CurrentRegion.Select


            NameWithoutExtension = Left(StrFile, Len(StrFile) - 5)
            DestFile = "C:\Users\example\" & NameWithoutExtension
            FileNum = FreeFile()
            Open DestFile For Output As #FileNum


            If Err <> 0 Then
            MsgBox "Cannot open filename " & DestFile
            End
            End If
            On Error GoTo 0



                For RowCount = 1 To Selection.Rows.Count

                       ' Loop for each column in selection.
                          For ColumnCount = 1 To Selection.Columns.Count

                            OldText = Selection.Cells(RowCount, ColumnCount).Text
                            MiddleText = Replace(OldText, "\", "/")
                            NewText = Replace(MiddleText, """", "\""")

                            ' Write current cell's text to file with quotation marks.
                             Print #FileNum, """" & NewText & """";

                             ' Check if cell is in last column.
                             If ColumnCount = Selection.Columns.Count Then
                                ' If so, then write a blank line.
                                Print #FileNum,
                             Else
                                ' Otherwise, write a comma.
                                Print #FileNum, ";";
                             End If
                          ' Start next iteration of ColumnCount loop.
                          Next ColumnCount
                       ' Start next iteration of RowCount loop.
                       Next RowCount

                       ' Close destination file.
                       Close #FileNum


        ActiveWorkbook.Close


    StrFile = Dir

Loop

MsgBox ("Done")
End Sub

Answer 1

这个真的没必要用powershell，你只需要在VBA中使用正确的方法...

代码未经测试，但认为应该可以正常工作...

Sub ConvertToCSV()
  Application.ScreenUpdating = False

  Dim StrFile As String
  StrFile = Dir("C:\Users\example\*PLZ*")

  Do While Len(StrFile) > 0
    'Open workbook
    Dim wb as workbook
    set wb = Workbooks.Open("C:\Users\example\" & StrFile)

    'Save workbook to new location
    Dim DestFile As String
    DestFile = "C:\Users\example\" & Left(StrFile, Len(StrFile) - 5)
    wb.saveAs destFile, xlFileFormat.xlCSV

    'Ensure no alerts while close
    Application.displayAlerts = false
      wb.close false
    Application.displayAlerts = true

    'Continue loop
    StrFile = Dir
  Loop
  Application.ScreenUpdating = True
End Sub

编辑：

抱歉，我没有看到需要引用字符串的要求。可以对您的代码进行一些补丁，这将使其运行速度显着加快，关键是首先将文件转换为数组：

我已尝试使您的代码与以前一样接近。请注意，您当前使用分号分隔文件...

Sub ConvertToCSV()
    Dim DestFile As String
    Dim FileNum As Integer
    Dim ColumnCount As Integer
    Dim RowCount As Long
    Dim StrFile As String


  Application.ScreenUpdating = False

  StrFile = Dir("C:\Users\example\*PLZ*")

  Do While Len(StrFile) > 0
    'Open workbook and store in variable
    Dim wb as workbook
    set wb = Workbooks.Open("C:\Users\example\" & StrFile)

    'Get data as array
    Dim r as range, v as variant
    set r = wb.ActiveSheet.Range("A1").CurrentRegion
    v = r.value2

    'Get dest path
    NameWithoutExtension = Left(StrFile, Len(StrFile) - 5)
    DestFile = "C:\Users\example\" & NameWithoutExtension
    FileNum = FreeFile()

    'Try open file
    On Error Resume Next
      Open DestFile For Output As #FileNum

      'If error then end
      If Err <> 0 Then
        MsgBox "Cannot open filename " & DestFile
        End
      End If
    On Error GoTo 0

    'Loop over array
    Dim i as long, j as long
    For i = 1 To ubound(v,1)
      For j = 1 To ubound(v,2)
        OldText = v(i,j)
        MiddleText = Replace(OldText, "\", "/")
        NewText = Replace(MiddleText, """", "\""")

        ' Write current cell's text to file with quotation marks.
        Print #FileNum, """" & NewText & """";

        ' Check if cell is in last column.
        If j = ubound(v,2) Then
          ' If so, then write a blank line.
          Print #FileNum,
        Else
          ' Otherwise, write a comma.
          Print #FileNum, ";";
        End If
      Next j 'Next column
    Next i 'Next row

    ' Close destination file.
    Close #FileNum

    'Close workbook
    wb.Close false

    'Get next file path
    StrFile = Dir    
  Loop

  MsgBox ("Done")
End Sub

注意：如果您的数据集很大，这可能会导致内存不足错误。如果是这样，请使用 powershell。

Import-Excel .\Book1.xlsx | Export-Csv .\book1.csv